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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nahla Alsayd Bouqellah, Eman Tawfik Hussein, Ashraf Bakry Abdel Razik, Mohamed Fathy Ahmed, Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag
There is an increasing focus on genetically altering Paulownia trees to enhance their resistance against fungal infections, given their rapid growth and quality wood production. The aim of this research was to establish a technique for incorporating two antimicrobial thionin genes, namely thionin-60 (thio-60) and thionin-63 (thio-63), into Paulownia tomentosa and Paulownia hybrid 9501 through the utilization of chitosan nanoparticles. The outcomes revealed the successful gene transfer into Paulownia trees utilizing chitosan nanoparticles...
May 1, 2024: Microbial Pathogenesis
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yong Xiang, Yaning Feng, Jinghong Qiu, Ruoyu Zhang, Hon-Cheong So
OBJECTIVES: To explore whether COVID-19 vaccination protects against hospital admission by preventing infections and severe disease. METHODS: We leveraged the UK-Biobank(UKBB) and studied associations of COVID-19 vaccination (BioNTech-BNT162b2 or Oxford-AstraZeneca-ChAdOx1) with hospitalizations from cardiovascular and other selected diseases(N=393,544; median follow-up=54 days among vaccinated). Multivariable Cox, Poisson regression, propensity score matching(PSM) and inverse probability treatment weighting(IPTW) analyses were performed...
May 1, 2024: International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasmin Fisher, Polina Zmijewski, Chandler McLeod, Anish Patel, Deepti Bahl, Frida Rosenblum, Diana Lin, Manuel Lora Gonzalez, Jessica Fazendin, Herbert Chen, Brenessa Lindeman, Andrea Gillis
INTRODUCTION: As our growing population demonstrates a significant increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer, so does patient access to their medical records. Poor health literacy and understanding of disease severity, underscores the importance of effective and accessible patient-doctor communication. No previous studies on patient understanding of thyroid pathology reports exist; therefore, we sought to characterize health literacy in this population. METHODS: Using a modified Delphi technique, a 12-question multiple-choice survey regarding common pathology terms with possible definitions for each term was synthesized and administered to patients in a high-volume endocrine surgery clinic...
May 2, 2024: Journal of Surgical Research
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REVIEW
Karan Selarka, Bhupendra V Shravage
Macro-autophagy (autophagy hereafter) is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that has long been recognized as an intracellular mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis. It involves the formation of a membraned structure called the autophagosome, which carries cargo that includes toxic protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles to the lysosome for degradation and recycling. Autophagy is primarily considered and studied as a cell-autonomous mechanism. However, recent studies have illuminated an underappreciated facet of autophagy, i...
April 27, 2024: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline Pereira Garcês, Camila Faleiros Veloso Soares, Tássia Magnabosco Sisconeto, Guilherme Cabral Borges Martins, Marina Abreu Dias, Rafaella Andrade Vivenzio, Thiago Ferreira Moreira, Yanne da Silva Camargo, Cibele Aparecida Crispim, Laura Cristina Tibiletti Balieiro, Nadia Carla Cheik
BACKGROUND: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period...
May 3, 2024: Work: a Journal of Prevention, Assessment, and Rehabilitation
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen Muhi, Andrew H Buultjens, Jessica L Porter, Julia L Marshall, Marcel Doerflinger, Sacha J Pidot, Daniel P O'Brien, Paul D R Johnson, Caroline J Lavender, Maria Globan, James McCarthy, Joshua Osowicki, Timothy P Stinear
Critical scientific questions remain regarding infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans, the organism responsible for the neglected tropical disease, Buruli ulcer (BU). A controlled human infection model has the potential to accelerate our knowledge of the immunological correlates of disease, to test prophylactic interventions and novel therapeutics. Here we present microbiological evidence supporting M. ulcerans JKD8049 as a suitable human challenge strain. This non-genetically modified Australian isolate is susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics, can be cultured in animal-free and surfactant-free media, can be enumerated for precise dosing, and has stable viability following cryopreservation...
May 3, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Nambala, Harry Noyes, Joyce Namulondo, Oscar Nyangiri, Vincent Pius Alibu, Barbara Nerima, Annette MacLeod, Enock Matovu, Janelisa Musaya, Julius Mulindwa
BACKGROUND: Sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is a fatal disease and endemic in Southern and Eastern Africa. There is an urgent need to develop novel diagnostic and control tools to achieve elimination of rhodesiense sleeping sickness which might be achieved through a better understanding of trypanosome gene expression and genetics using endemic isolates. Here, we describe transcriptome profiles and population structure of endemic T. b. rhodesiense isolates in human blood in Malawi...
May 3, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucila Rey-Ares, Ahuva Averin, Mercedes Mac Mullen, Dhwani Hariharan, Mark Atwood, Carolina Carballo, Liping Huang
INTRODUCTION: In Argentina, vaccination with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23; PCV13 → PPSV23) has been recommended for all adults aged ≥ 65 years and younger adults with chronic medical ("moderate-risk") or immunocompromising ("high-risk") conditions since 2017. With the approval of a 20-valent PCV (PCV20), we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 versus current recommendations for moderate-/high-risk adults aged 18-64 years and all adults 65-99 years...
May 3, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Verónica Cabreira, Jane Alty, Sonja Antic, Rui Araújo, Selma Aybek, Harriet A Ball, Gaston Baslet, Rohan Bhome, Jan Coebergh, Bruno Dubois, Mark Edwards, Saša R Filipović, Kristian Steen Frederiksen, Thomas Harbo, Bradleigh Hayhow, Robert Howard, Jonathan Huntley, Jeremy Isaacs, William Curt LaFrance, Andrew J Larner, Francesco Di Lorenzo, James Main, Elizabeth Mallam, Camillo Marra, João Massano, Emer R McGrath, Laura McWhirter, Isabel Portela Moreira, Flavio Nobili, Catherine Pennington, Miguel Tábuas-Pereira, David L Perez, Stoyan Popkirov, Dane Rayment, Martin Rossor, Mirella Russo, Isabel Santana, Jonathan Schott, Emmi P Scott, Ricardo Taipa, Michele Tinazzi, Svetlana Tomic, Sofia Toniolo, Caroline Winther Tørring, Tim Wilkinson, Lisbeth Frostholm, Jon Stone, Alan Carson
BACKGROUND: Current proposed criteria for functional cognitive disorder (FCD) have not been externally validated. We sought to analyse the current perspectives of cognitive specialists in the diagnosis and management of FCD in comparison with neurodegenerative conditions. METHODS: International experts in cognitive disorders were invited to assess seven illustrative clinical vignettes containing history and bedside characteristics alone. Participants assigned a probable diagnosis and selected the appropriate investigation and treatment...
May 3, 2024: European Journal of Neurology
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Natalia Ramos-Ospina, Pablo Andrés Moncada-Vallejo
BACKGROUND: Listeria monocytogenes , a Gram-positive bacillus, primarily affects immunocompromised individuals. Endocarditis is a rare but severe complication of L. monocytogenes bacteremia, irrespective of native or prosthetic valves. While there is no standardized treatment, the use of ampicillin proves effective in most cases. Surgical intervention is reserved for cases involving valve dehiscence, heart failure, or myocardial abscess. CASE PRESENTATION: A 54-year-old female, with mitral valve replacement, presented with fever, chest pain and dyspnea at rest...
2024: IDCases
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Ayemane Salif, Ferdinand Bigirimana, Sophie Willems, Gina Reichman, Johanna Noels, Sigi Van Den Wijngaert, Sophie Lecomte, Evelyne Maillart, Philippe Clevenbergh
INTRODUCTION: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) used as anti-tuberculous vaccine is also a well-known therapy for superficial urothelial cancer. Local or general side effects can occur, although it is generally well tolerated. CASE: We present the case of a 65 year-old caucasian man consulting for gross hematuria and lower urinary tract symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a non-invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIBC) and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) IV lesions...
2024: IDCases
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REVIEW
Andreas Yiallouris, Zoi D Pana, Giorgos Marangos, Ioanna Tzyrka, Spyridon Karanasios, Iliana Georgiou, Kyriaki Kontopyrgia, Eleni Triantafyllou, Danila Seidel, Oliver A Cornely, Elizabeth O Johnson, Stavros Panagiotou, Charalampos Filippou
Today, over 300 million individuals worldwide are afflicted by severe fungal infections, many of whom will perish. Fungi, as a result of their plastic genomes have the ability to adapt to new environments and extreme conditions as a consequence of globalization, including urbanization, agricultural intensification, and, notably, climate change. Soils and the impact of these anthropogenic environmental factors can be the source of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi and subsequent fungal threats to public health...
June 2024: One Health
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MULTICENTER STUDY
Giuseppe Maglietta, Matteo Puntoni, Caterina Caminiti, Andrea Pession, Marcello Lanari, Fabio Caramelli, Federico Marchetti, Alessandro De Fanti, Lorenzo Iughetti, Giacomo Biasucci, Agnese Suppiej, Andrea Miceli, Chiara Ghizzi, Gianluca Vergine, Melodie Aricò, Marcello Stella, Susanna Esposito
BACKGROUND: The use of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs), such as lockdowns, social distancing and school closures, against the COVID-19 epidemic is debated, particularly for the possible negative effects on vulnerable populations, including children and adolescents. This study therefore aimed to quantify the impact of NPIs on the trend of pediatric hospitalizations during 2 years of pandemic compared to the previous 3 years, also considering two pandemic phases according to the type of adopted NPIs...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ezekiel J Haugen, Andrea K Locke, Hernán Correa, Justin S Baba, Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Girish Hiremath
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by an intense infiltration of eosinophils into the esophageal epithelium. When not adequately controlled, eosinophilic inflammation can lead to changes in components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lamina propria. Particularly, alterations to the collagen fiber matrix can lead to lamina propria fibrosis (LPF), which plays an important role in the fibrostenotic complications of EoE. Current approaches to assess LPF in EoE are prone to inter-observer inconsistencies and provide limited insight into the structural remodeling of the ECM...
2024: Translational medicine communications
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REVIEW
Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola, Emmanuel Opuni, Ibrahim Idris, Olalekan John Okesanya, Ogechukwu Igwe, Modinat Dasola Abdulazeez, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
This comprehensive analysis examines the multifaceted impacts of population growth on public health in Nigeria. Drawing parallels with Omran's epidemiological transition model (that focuses on the intricate means that patterns of health and illness are changing, as well as the relationships that exist between these patterns and the sociological, demographic, and economic factors that influence them) and referencing experiences from Chile and Ceylon. The study highlights a substantial rise in Nigeria's population causing a double burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases, leading to higher morbidity, and mortality rates, increased healthcare costs, decreased productivity, and health inequalities, posing significant challenges to the country's healthcare system...
2024: Environmental Health Insights
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christin Rogers Marks, Christine M Durand, Mary G Bowring, Jonathan Hand, Maheen Z Abidi, Maricar Malinis, Brittany Barnaba, Het Patel, Martha Pavlakis, Carolyn D Alonso
PURPOSE: Kidney transplantation has a survival benefit for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and end-stage kidney disease, however increased rates of rejection remain an issue. Questions remain regarding the impact of induction immunosuppression therapy and antiretroviral (ARV) choice on long-term outcomes. METHODS: We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of outcomes in recipients with HIV who received kidneys from donors without HIV transplanted between 2004 and 2019...
May 2, 2024: Transplant Infectious Disease: An Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric Moughames, Maaza Abdi, Bridget Morris, Sandy Fang, Joyce Jones, Christine M Durand, Willa Cochran, Eduardo F Ribas, Charlee McLean-Powell, Ahmet Gurakar, Ulrike K Buchwald
BACKGROUND: Solid organ transplant recipients are at an increased risk for anogenital Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease, including anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal squamous cell cancer (ASCC). Guidelines for ASCC screening in transplant recipients are limited. Our aim was to understand current practice of ASCC screening in adult liver transplant (LT) candidates and recipients at transplant centers across the United States. METHODS: We surveyed medical directors of 113 LT centers across the United States which had publicly available contact information...
May 2, 2024: Transplant Infectious Disease: An Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farid Najafi, Parisa Mohseni, Mahdieh Niknam, Yahya Pasdar, Neda Izadi
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension (HTN) is a significant global health concern associated with morbidity and mortality. Recent research has explored the potential relationship between dietary protein intake and the development of HTN. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary amino acids and the incidence of HTN. METHODS: This nested case-control study utilized data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study. The study included 491 new HTN cases identified over a 6-year follow-up period...
May 2, 2024: BMC Nutrition
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COMPARATIVE STUDY
Younghee Cho, Hyang Kyu Lee, Joungyoun Kim, Ki-Bong Yoo, Jongrim Choi, Yongseok Lee, Mona Choi
BACKGROUND: Hospital-acquired influenza (HAI) is under-recognized despite its high morbidity and poor health outcomes. The early detection of HAI is crucial for curbing its transmission in hospital settings. AIM: This study aimed to investigate factors related to HAI, develop predictive models, and subsequently compare them to identify the best performing machine learning algorithm for predicting the occurrence of HAI. METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted in 2022 and included 111 HAI and 73,748 non-HAI patients from the 2011-2012 and 2019-2020 influenza seasons...
May 2, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaqi Liu, Lijun Dai, Qiang Wang, Chenghao Li, Zhichao Liu, Tongyang Gong, Hengyi Xu, Ziqi Jia, Wanyuan Sun, Xinyu Wang, Minyi Lu, Tongxuan Shang, Ning Zhao, Jiahui Cai, Zhigang Li, Hongyan Chen, Jianzhong Su, Zhihua Liu
Detecting early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and precancerous lesions is critical for improving survival. Here, we conduct whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on 460 cfDNA samples from patients with non-metastatic ESCC or precancerous lesions and matched healthy controls. We develop an expanded multimodal analysis (EMMA) framework to simultaneously identify cfDNA methylation, copy number variants (CNVs), and fragmentation markers in cfDNA WGBS data. cfDNA methylation markers are the earliest and most sensitive, detectable in 70% of ESCCs and 50% of precancerous lesions, and associated with molecular subtypes and tumor microenvironments...
May 2, 2024: Nature Communications
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