keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38734901/tat-dependent-conditionally-replicating-adenoviruses-expressing-diphtheria-toxin-a-for-specifically-killing-hiv-1-infected-cells
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengfeng Ni, Kai Hu, Miaomiao Li, Mengshi Yang, Yingying Xiao, Ming Fu, Zhiyuan Zhu, Yalan Liu, Qinxue Hu
HIV-1 infection remains a public health problem with no cure. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective for suppressing HIV-1 replication, it requires lifelong drug administration due to a stable reservoir of latent proviruses and may cause serious side effect and drive the emergence of drug resistant HIV-1 variants. Gene therapy represents an alternative approach to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments against HIV-1 infection. In this study, we constructed and investigated the antiviral effects of an HIV-1 Tat-dependent conditionally replicating adenovirus, which selectively replicates and expresses the diphtheria toxin A chain (Tat-CRAds-DTA) in HIV-1 infected cells both in vitro and in vivo...
May 10, 2024: Molecular Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38729906/doug-altman-medical-statistician-par-excellence-what-can-radiologists-learn-from-his-legacy
#2
REVIEW
S Halligan, D Boone, D Burling, E Helbren, S Mallett, A Plumb
This narrative review describes our experience of working with Doug Altman, the most highly cited medical statistician in the world. Doug was particularly interested in diagnostics, and imaging studies in particular. We describe how his insights helped improve our own radiological research studies and we provide advice for other researchers hoping to improve their own research practice.
April 17, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38719689/texture-analysis-using-non-contrast-mri-to-predict-estrogen-receptor-status-in-breast-cancer-lesions-is-it-feasible
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F A Shokeir, A H Elmokadem, N Soliman, A Khater, D Bayoumi
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of non-contrast-enhanced T1 sequence in texture analysis of breast cancer lesions to predict their estrogen receptor status. METHODS: The study included 85 pathologically proven breast cancer lesions in 53 patients. Immunohistochemical studies were performed to determine the estrogen receptor status (ER). Lesions were divided into two groups: ER + ve status and ER-ve status. Texture analysis using the second-order analysis features [The Co-occurrence matrix (11 features)] was applied on both T1 and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI images for each lesion...
April 13, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38710602/trans-radial-cerebral-angiography-for-stereotactic-radiosurgery-treatment-of-arteriovenous-malformations
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Kular, A Maiter, A Martin, R Dyde, A Waterworth, M W R Radatz, J Cahill, G H Tse
OBJECTIVES: The popularity of trans-radial access (TRA) for cerebral angiography is growing. Potential benefits of TRA over traditional trans-femoral access (TFA) are multitude. This study aimed to evaluate discharge outcomes and patient opinion of TRA compared to TFA in patients undergoing cerebral angiography prior to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. METHODS: Consecutive patients treated at the National Centre for Stereotactic Radiosurgery (Sheffield, United Kingdom) over a 22-month period were included...
April 13, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38693034/diagnostic-performance-of-chest-ct-average-intensity-projection-aip-reconstruction-for-the-assessment-of-pleuro-parenchymal-abnormalities
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R E Ledda, S Schirò, L Leo, G Milanese, C Branchi, C Commisso, E Borgia, R Mura, C Zilioli, N Sverzellati
AIM: The comparison between chest x-ray (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) images is commonly required in clinical practice to assess the evolution of chest pathological manifestations. Intrinsic differences between the two techniques, however, limit reader confidence in such a comparison. CT average intensity projection (AIP) reconstruction allows obtaining "synthetic" CXR (s-CXR) images, which are thought to have the potential to increase the accuracy of comparison between CXR and CT imaging...
April 13, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38679491/relationship-between-coronary-microvascular-dysfunction-cmd-and-left-ventricular-diastolic-function-in-patients-with-symptoms-of-myocardial-ischemia-with-non-obstructive-coronary-artery-disease-inoca-by-cardiovascular-magnetic-resonance-feature-tracking
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Kong, J Cao, J Tian, J Yong, J An, X Song, Y He
AIM: To investigate whether there was an association between coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in patients with myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study included 115 subjects with suspected myocardial ischemia that underwent stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). They were divided into non-CMD and CMD two groups. CMR-derived volume-time curves and CMR-FT parameters were used to assess LV diastolic function using CVI42 software...
March 13, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38675381/autopepvax-a-novel-machine-learning-based-program-for-vaccine-design-application-to-a-pan-cancer-vaccine-targeting-egfr-missense-mutations
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enrico Bautista, Young Hyun Jung, Manuela Jaramillo, Harrish Ganesh, Aryaan Varma, Kush Savsani, Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
The current epitope selection methods for peptide vaccines often rely on epitope binding affinity predictions, prompting the need for the development of more sophisticated in silico methods to determine immunologically relevant epitopes. Here, we developed AutoPepVax to expedite and improve the in silico epitope selection for peptide vaccine design. AutoPepVax is a novel program that automatically identifies non-toxic and non-allergenic epitopes capable of inducing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by considering various epitope characteristics...
March 26, 2024: Pharmaceuticals
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38670919/a-novel-perspective-for-exploring-the-relationship-between-cerebral-small-vessel-disease-and-deep-medullary-veins-with-automatic-segmentation
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Han, H Chen, X Cao, X Yin, J Zhang
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to establish an intelligent segmentation algorithm to count the number of deep medullary veins (DMVs) and analyze the relationship between DMVs and imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). METHODS: DMVs on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with CSVD were counted by intelligent segmentation and manual counting. The dice coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate their consistency and correlation...
April 5, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38670918/accuracy-of-machine-learning-in-the-preoperative-identification-of-ovarian-borderline-tumors-a-meta-analysis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Qi, X Li, Y Yang, M Zhao, A Lin, L Ma
AIM: The objective of this study is to explore the diagnostic value of machine learning (ML) in borderline ovarian tumors through meta-analysis. METHODS: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively retrieved from database inception untill February 16, 2023. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was adopted to evaluate the risk of bias in the original studies. Sub-group analyses of ML were conducted according to clinical features and radiomics features...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38658213/added-value-of-spectral-computed-tomography-quantitative-parameters-for-differentiating-tuberculosis-associated-fibrosing-mediastinitis-from-endobronchial-lung-cancer-initial-results
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Yang, L Deng, M Jing, M Xu, X Liu, S Li, L Zhang, H Xi, L Yuan, J Zhou
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the added value of spectral computed tomography (CT) parameters to conventional CT features for differentiating tuberculosis-associated fibrosing mediastinitis (TB-associated FM) from endobronchial lung cancer (EBLC). METHODS: Chest spectral CT enhancement images from 109 patients with atelectasis were analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into two distinct categories: the TB-associated FM group (n = 77) and the EBLC group (n = 32), based on bronchoscopy and/or pathological findings...
March 15, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38649313/diagnosis-of-osteochondral-lesions-of-the-talus-on-dual-layer-spectral-detector-ct-arthrography-clinical-feasibility-of-virtual-noncontrast-images
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Oh, J H Kang, H-D Chae, H J Yoo, S H Hong, D Y Lee, J-Y Choi
AIM: To compare the image quality of virtual noncontrast (VNC) and true noncontrast (TNC) CT images and to evaluate the clinical feasibility of VNC CT images for assessing osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five OLT patients who underwent ankle CT arthrography (CTA) using dual-layer spectral detector CT were enrolled. Reconstruction of VNC and three-dimensional volume rendering images was performed. Afterward, image noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured...
March 24, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38649312/the-efficacy-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-in-detecting-interval-cancers-in-the-national-screening-program-of-a-middle-income-country
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Çelik, E Aribal
AIM: We aimed to investigate the efficiency and accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for detecting interval cancers in a middle-income country's national screening program. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 2,129,486 mammograms reported as BIRADS 1 and 2 were matched with the national cancer registry for interval cancers (IC). The IC group consisted of 442 cases, of which 36 were excluded due to having mammograms incompatible with the AI system. A control group of 446 women with two negative consequent mammograms was defined as time-proven normal and constituted the normal group...
March 29, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38644074/ultrasound-accuracy-for-brachial-plexus-pathology
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S W Y Yip, J F Griffith, C S L Tong, K K Cheung, C Tsoi, E H Y Hung
AIM: To determine (a) the accuracy of ultrasound in detecting brachial plexus pathology and (b) outline the advantages and limitations of ultrasound compared to MRI for imaging the brachial plexus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: cases with clinically suspected brachial plexus pathology were evaluated first by ultrasound, followed by MRI. Patients with prior brachial plexus imaging were excluded. The final diagnosis was based on a combination of ultrasound, MRI, clinical follow-up, and surgical findings...
March 22, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38641445/optimizing-the-indication-of-initial-radioiodine-oncolytic-treatment-for-metastatic-differentiated-thyroid-cancer-by-diagnostic-131-i-scan
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z He, R Sa, K Zhang, J Wang, X Qiu, L Chen
AIM: As a classic theranostic radiopharmaceutical, radioiodine (131 I) has been utilized in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) for more than 8 decades, and the refinement of its clinical practice has been raised recently. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of a diagnostic (Dx) 131 I scan in optimizing the indication of initial radioiodine oncolytic treatment (ROT) for metastatic DTC by predicting therapeutic outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients (Dx positive, n=29; Dx negative, n=71) were eligible for patient-based analysis...
March 27, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38637187/mri-radiomics-predicts-the-efficacy-of-egfr-tki-in-egfr-mutant-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-with-brain-metastasis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Qi, Y Hou, Z Zheng, M Zheng, X Sun, L Xing
AIM: To develop and validate models based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics for predicting the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 117 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with brain metastases who received EGFR-TKI treatment were included in this study from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2021. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts in a ratio of 2:1...
March 19, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38637186/bench-to-bedside-imaging-in-brain-metastases-a-road-to-precision-oncology
#16
REVIEW
S Shukla, A Karbhari, S Rastogi, U Agarwal, P Rai, A Mahajan
Radiology has seen tremendous evolution in the last few decades. At the same time, oncology has made great strides in diagnosing and treating cancer. Distant metastases of neoplasms are being encountered more often in light of longer patient survival due to better therapeutic strategies and diagnostic methods. Brain metastasis (BM) is a dismal manifestation of systemic cancer. In the present scenario, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are playing a big role in providing molecular information about cancer...
March 16, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38622045/efficacy-and-safety-of-shunt-surgery-in-patients-with-idiopathic-normal-pressure-hydrocephalus-can-we-predict-shunt-response-by-preoperative-magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Y Yun, C H Suh, J H Byun, S Y Jo, S J Chung, J-S Lim, J-H Lee, M J Kim, H S Kim, S J Kim
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that can predict the shunt responsiveness in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients and to investigate postoperative outcome and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 192 patients with iNPH who underwent shunt at our hospital between 2000 and 2021 were included to investigate complications. Of these, after exclusion, 127 (1-month postoperative follow-up) and 77 (1-year postoperative follow-up) patients were evaluated...
March 21, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38616474/convolutional-neural-network-for-identifying-common-bile-duct-stones-based-on-magnetic-resonance-cholangiopancreatography
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Sun, M Li, Y Shi, H He, Y Li, L Sun, H Wang, C Jin, M Chen, L Li
AIMS: To develop an auto-categorization system based on machine learning for three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (3D MRCP) to detect choledocholithiasis from healthy and symptomatic individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3D MRCP sequences from 254 cases with common bile duct (CBD) stones and 251 cases with normal CBD were enrolled to train the 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3D-CNN) model. Then 184 patients from three different hospitals (91 with positive CBD stone and 93 with normal CBD) were prospectively included to test the performance of 3D-CNN...
March 24, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38616473/imaging-inequality-exploring-the-differences-in-radiology-between-high-and-low-income-countries
#19
EDITORIAL
B Sahu, G Madani
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 22, 2024: Clinical Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38614870/how-does-deep-learning-machine-learning-perform-in-comparison-to-radiologists-in-distinguishing-glioblastomas-or-grade-iv-astrocytomas-from-primary-cns-lymphomas-a-meta-analysis-and-systematic-review
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Guha, S Halder, S H Shinde, J Gawde, S Munnolli, S Talole, J S Goda
BACKGROUND: Several studies have been published comparing deep learning (DL)/machine learning (ML) to radiologists in differentiating PCNSLs from GBMs with equivocal results. We aimed to perform this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ML/DL versus radiologists in classifying PCNSL versus GBM using MRI. METHODOLOGY: The study was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data was extracted and interpreted by two researchers with 12 and 23 years' experience, respectively, and QUADAS-2 tool was used for quality and risk-bias assessment...
March 19, 2024: Clinical Radiology
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