Aspart

Myocarditis is considered a fatal form of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in suckling calves. In the present study, a total of 17 calves under 4 months of age and suspected clinically for FMD were examined for clinical lesions, respiratory rate, heart rate, and heart rhythm. Lesion samples, saliva, nasal swabs, and whole blood were collected from suspected calves and subjected to Sandwich ELISA and reverse transcription multiplex polymerase chain reaction (RT-mPCR) for detection and serotyping of FMD virus (FMDV)...

BACKGROUND: We previously reported changes in the serum metabolome associated with impaired myocardial relaxation in an asymptomatic older community cohort. In this prospective parallel-group randomized control pilot trial, we subjected community adults without cardiovascular disease to exercise intervention and evaluated the effects on serum metabolomics. METHODS: Between February 2019 to November 2019, thirty (83% females) middle-aged adults (53 ± 4 years) were randomized with sex stratification to either twelve weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training (Intervention) (n = 15) or Control (n = 15)...

Iron chelating peptides have been widely utilized as iron supplements due to their excellent absorption capacity, However, the high cost and cumbersome manufacturing process of these peptides significantly limit their industrial application. In this study, fermentation was used for the first time to prepare iron chelating peptides. Bacillus altitudinis 3*1-3 was selected as the most suitable strain from 50 strains. The hydrolysates of fermented scallop skirts showed excellent iron-chelating capacity (9.39 mg/g)...

This research investigates the effects of the immunotherapeutic agent nivolumab on the metabolism of lung cancer cells (NCI-H1975) using GC-MS metabolomic profiling. Multivariate analysis such as unsupervised PCA and supervised OPLS-DA along with univariate analysis and pathway analysis were employed to explore the metabolomic data and identify altered metabolic pathways induced by nivolumab treatment. The study revealed distinct metabolic alterations in cancer cells, linked to proliferative and survival advantages, such as enhanced glycolysis, increased glutaminolysis, and modified amino acid metabolism...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of high‑oxygen-modified atmospheric packaging (HOMAP) on aroma changes in fresh-cut broccoli during storage and to explore its regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that HOMAP reduced the levels of undesirable aroma substances hexanoic acid, isobutyric acid, cyclopentanone and increased glucosinolate accumulation by inhibiting the expression of arogenate/prephenate dehydratase (ADT), bifunctional aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate/aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase (PAT), thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate Transferase (TST) to reduce the odor of fresh-cut broccoli...

Exercise training can promote physiological cardiac growth, which has been suggested to involve changes in glucose metabolism to facilitate hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes. In this study, we used a dietary, in vivo isotope labeling approach to examine how exercise training influences the metabolic fate of carbon derived from dietary glucose in the heart during acute, active, and established phases of exercise-induced cardiac growth. Male and female FVB/NJ mice were subjected to treadmill running for up to 4 weeks and cardiac growth was assessed by gravimetry...

NaAsO2 is known as a harmful pollutant all over the world, and many chronic heart diseases can be attributed to its prolonged exposure in NaAsO2 -contaminated water. Therefore, considering the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of betaine (BET), in this study, our team investigated the cardioprotective effects of this phytochemical agent on sodium arsenite (NaAsO2 )-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: (I) Control; (II) BET (500 mg/kg); (III) NaAsO2 (50 ppm); and (IV) NaAsO2  + BET...

Psychiatrists are often the first to be consulted in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. While this disease is rare, psychiatrists need to be aware of its relevant fundamental, clinical and therapeutic aspects. We begin by reviewing the connection between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia. Next, we focus on the profile of the patient typically afflicted with this disease. Then, we tackle the limited utility of current diagnostic criteria during the early stage of the disease...

AIMS: The hippocampus has been reported to be morphologically and neurochemically altered in schizophrenia (SZ). Hyperlocomotion is a characteristic SZ-associated behavioral phenotype, which is associated with dysregulated dopamine system function induced by hippocampal hyperactivity. However, the neural mechanism of hippocampus underlying hyperlocomotion remains largely unclear. METHODS: Mouse pups were injected with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (MK-801) or vehicle twice daily on postnatal days (PND) 7-11...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and temporal disease course of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) in Sweden. METHODS: Thirty-seven antibody-positive AE and PNS cases were identified in the Healthcare region Mid Sweden between 2015 and 2019. Clinical data were collected through a retrospective review of electronic health records. Patients were divided into three subgroups based on antibody type: neuronal surface antibodies (NSAbs), onconeural antibodies, and anti-GAD65 antibodies...

INTRODUCTION: Uncertainty surrounds the optimal routine laboratory monitoring in acne patients treated with isotretinoin. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the risk of mild and severe laboratory abnormalities in patients with acne starting isotretinoin versus oral antibiotic treatment. METHODS: A global population-based retrospective cohort study assigned two groups of patients with acne-prescribed isotretinoin (n = 79,012) and oral antibiotics (n = 79,012)...

In this report, we structurally and biochemically characterized the unknown gene product SP1746 from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 4. Various crystal structures of SP1746 in the apo form and in complex with different nucleotides were determined. SP1746 is a globular protein, which belongs to the histidine-aspartate (HD) domain superfamily with two Fe3+ ions in the active site that are coordinated by key active site residues and water molecules. All nucleotides bind in a similar orientation in the active site with their phosphate groups anchored to the diiron cluster...

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is a rapid technique for identifying intact proteins from unfractionated mixtures by top-down proteomic analysis. MS/MS allows isolation of specific intact protein ions prior to fragmentation, allowing fragment ion attribution to a specific precursor ion. However, the fragmentation efficiency of mature, intact protein ions by MS/MS post-source decay (PSD) varies widely, and the biochemical and structural factors of the protein that contribute to it are poorly understood...

BACKGROUND: Paclitaxel (PAX) is a widely used chemotherapy drug for various cancer types but often induces significant toxicity in multiple organ systems. Silymarin (SIL), a natural flavonoid, has shown therapeutic potential due to its multiple benefits. AIMS: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of SIL in mitigating liver and kidney damage induced by PAX in rats, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis pathways. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental animal model...

OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of rare, increasingly recognized, potentially reversible, noninfectious causes of unexplained encephalitis. It affects any age-group and has a plethora of clinical presentations, the most common being the neuropsychiatric manifestation. The diagnosis of this entity at the right time and proper treatment with immunotherapy can save many lives. In this study, we describe the demographic profile, clinical spectrum, diagnosis, and treatment of 42 patients with features of AIE...

Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine widely utilized in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Current spermidine biosynthetic methods have problems such as low efficiency and complex multi-enzyme catalysis. Based on sequence-structure-function relationships, we engineered the widely studied homospermidine synthase from Blastochloris viridis ( Bv HSS) and obtained mutants that could catalyze the production of spermidine from 1,3-diaminopropane and putrescine. The specific activities of Bv HSS and the mutants D361E and E232D + D361E (E232D-D) were 8...

INTRODUCTION: Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing and staging non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but liver biopsy has its limitations. Non-invasive tests (NITs) eliminate many of the drawbacks of liver biopsy. We did a retrospective observational study to validate the NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS score) and Fibrosis Score 4 (FIB-4 index) against the gold standard liver biopsy in a cohort of South Indian patients with NAFLD. AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive fibrosis scoring systems (FIB-4 index and NFS), compared to that of liver histology, to predict AF in a cohort of south Indian patients with NAFLD...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a range of liver conditions, from benign fatty accumulation to severe fibrosis. The global prevalence of NAFLD has risen to 25-30%, with variations across ethnic groups. NAFLD may advance to hepatocellular carcinoma, increases cardiovascular risk, is associated with chronic kidney disease, and is an independent metabolic disease risk factor. Assessment methods for liver health include liver biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE by FibroScan)...

BACKGROUND: Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with efficacy in bevacizumab-resistant colorectal cancer models. This phase I/II study evaluated the recommended phase II dose and efficacy of nintedanib and capecitabine in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS: Key eligibility criteria included refractory metastatic colorectal cancer and ECOG performance status of 1 or lower. The primary endpoint was 18-week progression-free survival (PFS). A 1-sided binomial test (at α = ...

Prenatal surgery for the treatment of spina bifida (myelomeningocele, MMC) significantly enhances the neurological prognosis of the patient. To ensure better protection of the spinal cord by large defects, the application of skin grafts produced with cells gained from the amniotic fluid is presently studied. In order to determine the most appropriate cells for this purpose, we tried to shed light on the extremely complex amniotic fluid cellular composition in healthy and MMC pregnancies. We exploited the potential of micro-Raman spectroscopy to analyse and characterize human amniotic fluid cells in total and putative (cKit/CD117-positive) stem cells of fetuses with MMC in comparison with amniotic fluid cells from healthy individuals, human fetal dermal fibroblasts and adult adipose derived stem cells...