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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sook-Kyung Lee, Amy Sondgeroth, Yinyan Xu, Joanna Warren, Shuntai Zhou, Maria Gilleece, Blake M Hauser, Cynthia L Gay, JoAnn D Kuruc, Nancie M Archin, Joseph J Eron, David M Margolis, Nilu Goonetilleke, Ronald Swanstrom
BACKGROUND: Persistence of HIV-1 in reservoirs necessitates life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART). There are conflicting data using genetic analysis on whether persistence includes an actively replicating reservoir with strong evidence arguing against replication. METHODS: We investigated the possibility of ongoing viral evolution during suppressive therapy by comparing near full-length viral genomic sequences using phylogenetic analysis of viral RNA in plasma before therapy initiation early after infection and from virus induced to grow from the latent reservoir after a period of suppressive ART...
May 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan An, Ruoyu Zhao, Wang Liu, Chenxi Wei, Luxin Jin, Mingzhu Zhang, Xiaobin Ren, Hongbing He
BACKGROUND: Quercetin (QU) plays an important role in treating periodontitis; however, the mechanism through which microRNAs regulate Th17 cell differentiation has not been determined. METHODS: QU was administered intragastrically to periodontitis rats once a day for one month. The morphology of alveolar bone was observed by micro-CT, gingival tissue structure was observed by HE staining, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, RORγt, FOXP3 and IL-10 were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and Th17 and Treg cells in the peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry...
December 2024: Regenerative Therapy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaganathan Venkatesh, Magesh Muthu, Indulekha Singaravelu, Vino T Cheriyan, Sreeja C Sekhar, Nuwan C P N Acharige, Edi Levi, Hadeel Assad, Mary Kay H Pflum, Arun K Rishi
CARP-1, a perinuclear phospho-protein, regulates cell survival and apoptosis signaling induced by genotoxic drugs. However, kinase(s) phosphorylating CARP-1 and down-stream signal transduction events remain unclear. Here we find that CARP-1 Serine (S)626 and Threonine (T)627 substitution to Alanines (AA) inhibits genotoxic drug-induced apoptosis. CARP-1 T627 is followed by a Proline (P), and this TP motif is conserved in vertebrates. Based on these findings, we generated affinity-purified, anti-phospho-CARP-1 T627 rabbit polyclonal antibodies, and utilized them to elucidate chemotherapy-activated, CARP-1-dependent cell growth signaling mechanisms...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yating Li, Pengkang Song, Jiamin Zhao, Weipeng Zhang, Xiangdong Liu, Xiaoyang Lv, Junxing Zhao
This study aimed to explore the effects of neonatal vitamin A (VA) supplementation on testis development and spermatogenesis. A total of 32 newborn lambs were intramuscularly injected with corn oil (control group) or corn oil + 2500 IU/kg BW VA (VA group). They were slaughtered and sampled at 3 weeks and 8 months of age to analyze spermatogenesis, cell proliferation, hormone secretion, antioxidant status of the testis, and adult sheep sperm parameters. Compared with the control group, the expression of spermatogonial differentiation-related genes in VA group was up-regulated ( P < 0...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisha R Verhaar, Willemijn J C van Keizerswaard, Anouk Knoflook, Thomas Balligand, Hidde L Ploegh
The glycoproteins MICA and MICB are upregulated on the surface of cells undergoing stress, for instance due to (viral) infection or malignant transformation. MICA/B are the ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D, found on cytotoxic immune cells like NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and γδ T cells. Upon engagement of NKG2D, these cells are activated to eradicate the MICA/B-positive targets, assisted by the secretion of cytokines. Nanobodies, or VHHs, are derived from the variable regions of camelid heavy-chain only immunoglobulins...
May 2024: PNAS Nexus
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jure Knez, Borut Kovačič, Aleš Goropevšek
Endometriosis is a benign disease of the female reproductive tract, characterized by the process of chronic inflammation and alterations in immune response. It is estimated to affect 2-19% of women in the general population and is commonly associated with symptoms of chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a subpopulation of T lymphocytes that are potent suppressors of inflammatory immune response, essential in preventing destructive immunity in all tissues. In endometriosis, several studies have investigated the possible role of Treg cells in the development of the disease...
May 16, 2024: Human Reproduction
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Screening of key immune - related gene in Parkinson ' s disease based on WGCNA and machine learning.
Yiming Huang, Aimin Wang, Fenglin Wang, Yaqi Xu, Wenjing Zhang, Fuyan Shi, Suzhen Wang
OBJECTIVES: Abnormal immune system activation and inflammation are crucial in causing Parkinson's disease. However, we still don't fully understand how certain immune-related genes contribute to the disease's development and progression. This study aims to screen key immune-related gene in Parkinson's disease based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning. METHODS: This study downloaded the gene chip data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and used WGCNA to screen out important gene modules related to Parkinson's disease...
February 28, 2024: Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban, Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyan Gao, He Ren, Zhengrong Zhang, Shuai Cao, Bo Zhang, Qiang Sun, Gerry Melino, Hongyan Huang
BACKGROUND: The presence of mesenchymal stem cells has been confirmed in some solid tumors where they serve as important components of the tumor microenvironment; however, their role in cancer has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the functions of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from tumor tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. RESULTS: Human lung cancer-derived mesenchymal stem cells displayed the typical morphology and immunophenotype of mesenchymal stem cells; they were nontumorigenic and capable of undergoing multipotent differentiation...
May 16, 2024: Biology Direct
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniele Sala, Silvia Marchet, Lorenzo Nanetti, Andrea Legati, Caterina Mariotti, Eleonora Lamantea, Daniele Ghezzi, Alessia Catania, Costanza Lamperti
BACKGROUND: MT-ATP6 is a mitochondrial gene which encodes for the intramembrane subunit 6 (or A) of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, also known asl complex V, which is involved in the last step of oxidative phosphorylation to produce cellular ATP through aerobic metabolism. Although classically associated with the NARP syndrome, recent evidence highlights an important role of MT-ATP6 pathogenic variants in complicated adult-onset ataxias. METHODS: We describe two unrelated patients with adult-onset cerebellar ataxia associated with severe optic atrophy and mild cognitive impairment...
May 16, 2024: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengchen Shi, Linsen Ye, Lu Zhao, Lingyuan He, Junxiong Chen, Jingdan Zhang, Yixi Su, Haiyan Dong, Jiaqi Liu, Liumei Liang, Wenwen Zheng, Yanhong Xiao, Huanliang Liu, Xiangling Yang, Zihuan Yang
BACKGROUND: Extracellular ATP-AMP-adenosine metabolism plays a pivotal role in modulating tumor immune responses. Previous studies have shown that the conversion of ATP to AMP is primarily catalysed by Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1/CD39), a widely studied ATPase, which is expressed in tumor-associated immune cells. However, the function of ATPases derived from tumor cells themselves remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of colon cancer cell-derived ATPases in the development and progression of colon cancer...
May 16, 2024: Cell Communication and Signaling: CCS
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yehuda M Danino, Ricarina Rabinovitz, Inbar Kirshenboim, Eilam Palzur, Chaim G Pick, Itamar Ish-Shalom, Yana Golovkin, Yehuda Arieli
INTRODUCTION: Hyperbaric oxygen has been used as a medical treatment tool in hyperbaric chambers and is an integral part of professional and combat divers' activity. In extreme cases, exposure to hyperbaric oxygen can develop central nervous system oxygen toxicity (CNS-OT), which leads to seizures and eventually death. CNS-OT is caused by neuronal hyperactivity due to high oxygen levels, potentially damaging brain cells including the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the effect of hyperbaric oxygen levels on the healthy BBB has not been characterized directly yet...
May 16, 2024: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi-Lin Yang, Zheng Zeng, Chen Wang, Guang-Yu Wang, Fu-Quan Zhang
This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) for predicting prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. A total of 385 LUAD patients from the TCGA database and 269 LUAD patients in the combined dataset (GSE41272 + GSE50081) were divided into training and validation cohorts, respectively. Three different machine learning algorithms including random forest (RF), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression analysis, and support vector machine (SVM) were employed to select the predictive markers from 82 ICGs to construct the prognostic nomogram...
May 16, 2024: Immunologic Research
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Safaa Altves, Ebru Guclu, Esra Yetisgin, Kivanc Bilecen, Hasibe Vural
Globally colorectal cancer ranks as the third most widespread disease and the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Immunotherapy treatments like PD-L1 blockade have been used to inhibit the PD-L1 legend, which boosts the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Recently, studies suggest that some probiotics could potentially enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy treatments for cancer patients. We found that in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells, the live Leuconostoc mesenteroides treatment resulted an increase in the PD-L1 expression and this treatment stimulated interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production in Jurkat T-cells...
May 17, 2024: World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhou Pan, Mengdi Li, Panpan Zhang, Tianqi Li, Rui Liu, Jia Liu, Shengyun Liu, Yusheng Zhang
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a group of myopathies that present with muscle weakness and multiple extra-muscular manifestations, in which lymphocytes play central roles in myositis pathogenesis. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of lymphocyte subsets, especially B cell subsets, in patients with IIM. Our study included 176 patients with active IIM and 210 gender/age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Compared to HCs, patients have reduced counts of T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells...
May 16, 2024: Inflammation
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yong Zhang, Heng Zhao, Weili Deng, Junzhong Lai, Kai Sang, Qi Chen
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism involved in the anti-tumor immune response, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) have achieved impressive therapeutic outcomes in patients with certain cancer types. However, it is unclear how inhibition of DNA methylation bridges the innate and adaptive immune responses to inhibit tumor growth. Here, we report that DNMTi zebularine reconstructs tumor immunogenicity, in turn promote dendritic cell maturation, antigen-presenting cell activity, tumor cell phagocytosis by APCs, and efficient T cell priming...
May 16, 2024: Communications Biology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiran Kanti Santra, Riya Dutta, Debdulal Banerjee
Antimicrobial resistance in fungal pathogens (both human and plant) is increasing alarmingly, leading to massive economic crises. The existing anti-fungal agents are becoming ineffective, and the situation worsens on a logarithmic scale. Novel antifungals from unique natural sources are highly sought to cope sustainably with the situation. Metabolites from endophytic microbes are the best-fitted alternatives in this case. Endophytes are the untapped sources of 'plants' internal microbial population' and are promising sources of effective bio-therapeutic agents...
May 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuel T Kissinger, Estefania O'neil, Baolin Li, Kirk W Johnson, Jeffrey L Krajewski, Akihiko S Kato
Preclinical assessments of pain have often relied upon behavioral measurements and anesthetized neurophysiological recordings. Current technologies enabling large scale neural recordings, however, have the potential to unveil quantifiable pain signals in conscious animals for preclinical studies. Although pain processing is distributed across many brain regions, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is of particular interest in isolating these signals given its suggested role in the affective ('unpleasant') component of pain...
May 16, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meagan Doppegieter, Ton G van Leeuwen, Angela van Weert, Maurice C G Aalders, Erik N T P Bakker
INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is characterized by an increase in the proliferation of keratinocytes and nerve fiber activity, contributing to the typical skin lesions. Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) treatment is effective for the treatment of psoriatic lesions but its mechanism remains unclear. One hypothesis is that PDL causes thermal damage by the diffusion of heat to neighboring structures in lesional skin. There is limited information on the thermal sensitivity of these neighboring skin cells when exposed to hyperthermia for durations lasting less than a minute...
2024: International Journal of Hyperthermia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedram Heidari, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Suma Prabhu, Bahar Ataeinia, Shadi A Esfahani, Umar Mahmood
Developing a noninvasive imaging method to detect immune system activation with a high temporal resolution is key to improving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. In this study, granzyme B (GZMB), typically released from cytotoxic T and natural killer cells, was targeted using PET with 68 Ga-NOTA-GZP (where GZP is β-Ala-Gly-Gly-Ile-Glu-Phe-Asp-CHO) to detect early intestinal inflammation in murine models of colitis. Methods: Bioinformatic analysis was used to assess the potential of GZMB as a biomarker for detecting IBD and predicting response to treatment...
May 16, 2024: Journal of Nuclear Medicine
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Carlos López-Gil, Susana García-Silva, Laura Ruiz-Cañas, Diego Navarro, Adrián Palencia-Campos, Antonio Giráldez-Trujillo, Julie Earl, Jorge Dorado, Gonzalo Gómez-López, Ana Monfort-Vengut, Sonia Alcalá, Matthias M Gaida, Sandra García-Mulero, Pablo Cabezas-Sáinz, Sandra Batres-Ramos, Emma Barreto, Patricia Sánchez-Tomero, Mireia Vallespinós, Leah Ambler, Meng-Lay Lin, Alexandra Aicher, Ana García García de Paredes, Carolina de la Pinta, Alfonso Sanjuanbenito, Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel, Mercedes Rodríguez-Garrote, Carmen Guerra, Alfredo Carrato, Guillermo de Cárcer, Laura Sánchez, César Nombela-Arrieta, Elisa Espinet, Víctor Javier Sanchez-Arevalo Lobo, Christopher Heeschen, Bruno Sainz
OBJECTIVE: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited therapeutic options, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Highly chemoresistant 'stem-like' cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are implicated in PDAC aggressiveness. Thus, comprehending how this subset of cells evades the immune system is crucial for advancing novel therapies. DESIGN: We used the KPC mouse model ( LSL-KrasG12D/+ ; LSL-Trp53R172H/+ ; Pdx-1-Cre ) and primary tumour cell lines to investigate putative CSC populations...
May 16, 2024: Gut
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