controversy

There is increasing evidence to suggest that environmental factors are associated with ADHD, but results regarding prenatal maternal stress, unwanted pregnancy, breastfeeding, and ADHD in children are controversial and few prospective studies have been conducted. Using prospectively collected data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 7,910) we studied potential risk factors for ADHD symptoms at 8 and 16 years of age, including prenatal maternal stress and unwanted pregnancy, and protective factors including the duration of breastfeeding...

PURPOSE: The choice of surgical approach for floor of the mouth (FOM) cancer, particularly for intermediate-stage tumors (cT2-cT3), remains controversial. This study aims to evaluate a method considering mylohyoid muscle (MM) invasion as a determinant for surgical approach selection, utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preoperatively and frozen section (FS) analysis intraoperatively. METHODS: This observational retrospective cohort study analyzed patients undergoing surgical resection of cT2 and cT3 FOM squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) between January 2013 and June 2023...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), remain the leading cause of adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Epidemiological factors, comorbidities, assisted reproduction techniques, placental disorders, and genetic predisposition determine the burden of the disease. The pathophysiological substrate and the clinical presentation of HDP are multifarious. The latter and the lack of well designed clinical trials in the field explain the absence of consensus on disease management among relevant international societies...

BACKGROUND: High levels of testosterone (Testo) are associated with cardiovascular risk by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. NADPH oxidases (NOX) are the major source of ROS in the vasculature in cardiovascular diseases. NOX4 is a unique isotype, which produces hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), and its participation in cardiovascular biology is controversial. So far, it is unclear whether NOX4 protects from Testo-induced endothelial injury. Thus, we hypothesized that supraphysiological levels of Testo induce endothelial NOX4 expression to attenuate endothelial injury...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The role of bypass surgery in intracranial atherosclerotic steno-occlusive diseases (ICADs) remains controversial. We aimed to analyze the surgical outcomes of bypass surgery in patients with the ICADs in a single tertiary institution. METHODS: Among 1018 cases of low-flow bypass surgery between 2003 and 2022, 215 patients with the ICAD refractory to medical treatment were finally enrolled in this study. Clinical and radiological outcomes were retrospectively evaluated, with survival analyses...

OBJECTIVE: Elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) is a commonly used method for treating diaphyseal fractures of the tibia, but its application in Distal Tibial Diaphyseal Metaphyseal Junction (DTDMJ) fractures has been a subject of controversy. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the Elastic stable intramedullary nail-Kirschner wire (E-K) technique in treating pediatric DTDMJ fractures, providing better clinical decision-making for clinicians in diagnosing and treating such fractures...

Introduction Preoperative embolization can potentially facilitate surgical resection of challenging tumors in the intracranial and facial regions; however, its clinical efficacy remains controversial, mainly due to potential morbidity risks. We explored negative factors of the combined treatment of preoperative embolization and tumor resection that affect neurological prognosis. Method This retrospective study used clinical data from 132 consecutive tumors that underwent combined treatment at multiple facilities between January 2016 and May 2021...

OBJECTIVES: Current National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend definitive chemoradiation rather than surgery for patients with locally advanced clinical stage T3 and N2 (stage IIIB) lung cancer involving the chest wall. The data supporting this recommendation are controversial. We studied whether surgery confers a survival advantage over definitive chemoradiation in the National Cancer Database. METHODS: We identified all patients with clinical stage T3 and N2 lung cancer in the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2017 who underwent a lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection and compared them with patients with clinical stage T3 and N2 lung cancer who had definitive chemoradiation...

INTRODUCTION: The association between the visceral swallowing pattern (VSP) and dentofacial abnormalities remains controversial. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between the VSP and various factors including type of birth, gender, tongue posture, lip incompetence, eruption of primary molars, habits and the presence of malocclusions in children with primary and early mixed dentition. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A total of 219 children (102 boys and 117 girls) were evaluated using a combination of a questionnaire and a structured clinical examination by one pediatric specialist dentist...

BACKGROUND: Temozolomide (TMZ) is a key component in the treatment of gliomas. Hypermutation induced by TMZ can be encountered in routine clinical practice, and its significance is progressively gaining recognition. However, the relationship between TMZ-induced hypermutation and the immunologic response remains controversial. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 38-year-old male patient who underwent five surgeries for glioma. Initially diagnosed with IDH-mutant astrocytoma (WHO grade 2) during the first two surgeries, the disease progressed to grade 4 in subsequent interventions...

BACKGROUND: When exposed to high-altitude environments, the cardiovascular system undergoes various changes, the performance and mechanisms of which remain controversial. AIM: To summarize the latest research advancements and hot research points in the cardiovascular system at high altitude by conducting a bibliometric and visualization analysis. METHODS: The literature was systematically retrieved and filtered using the Web of Science Core Collection of Science Citation Index Expanded...

Aspirin is widely used for primary or secondary prevention of ischemic events. At the same time, chronic aspirin consumption can affect blood clot formation during surgical intervention and increase intraoperative blood loss . This is especially important for high-risk surgery, including neurosurgery. Current European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend aspirin interruption for at least 7 d before neurosurgical intervention, but this suggestion is not supported by clinical evidence. This narrative review presents evidence that challenges the necessity for aspirin interruption in neurosurgical patients, describes options for aspirin effect monitoring and the clinical implication of these methods, and summarizes current clinical data on bleeding risk associated with chronic aspirin therapy in neurosurgical patients, including brain tumor surgery, cerebrovascular procedures, and spinal surgery...

BACKGROUND: In primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is ongoing controversy about optimal fixation (cemented vs cementless). Cemented TKA remains the gold standard, with the largest body of long-term evidence available to support it. However, cementless TKA implants are gaining popularity due to potential biomechanical advantages and a growing body of literature supporting survivorship. Due to paucity of literature investigating fixation methods in robotic-assisted TKA (Ra-TKA), we aim to compare clinical outcomes of cementless Ra-TKA with those of cemented Ra-TKA...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of gastric cancer has significantly increased in recent years. Surgical resection is the main treatment, but the method of digestive tract reconstruction after gastric cancer surgery remains controversial. In the current study, we sought to explore a reasonable method of digestive tract reconstruction and improve the quality of life and nutritional status of patients after surgery. To this end, we statistically analyzed the clinical results of patients with gastric cancer who underwent jejunal interposition double-tract reconstruction (DTR) and esophageal jejunum Roux-en-Y reconstruction (RY)...

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, often requiring intestinal resection as a common treatment. However, recurrence after surgery is common. The anastomotic configuration after bowel resection appears to be associated with the recurrence of CD. Previous studies have suggested that the Kono-S anastomosis may help to reduce the recurrence rate. However, the results remain controversial. Therefore, evidence-based evidence is needed to prove the advantages of Kono-S anastomosis...

BACKGROUND: Bell's palsy is an acute peripheral facial neuropathy, which is one of the most common causes of facial palsy of lower motor neurons. Facial nerve swelling is commonly observed in Bell's palsy. Acupuncture therapy has been widely used in the treatment of Bell's palsy. However, whether acupuncture can be effectively used in the acute stage is still controversial. There are no clinical trials conducted previously to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on facial nerve edema in Bell's palsy patients...

Prunus zhengheensis , an extremely rare population of apricots, originated in warm South-East China and is an excellent material for genetic breeding. However, most apricots and two related species ( P. sibirica , P . mandshurica ) are found in the cold northern regions in China and the mechanism of their distribution is still unclear. In addition, the classification status of P. zhengheensis is controversial. Thus, we generated a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome for P . zhengheensis , exploring key genetic variations in its adaptation and the causes of phylogenetic incongruence...

This paper examines the public views - a total of 10,348 persons - on restrictions of personal autonomy of others to protect the interest of children. We use representative country samples of the adult populations of Austria, England, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Norway, and Spain, and ask them to consider an experimental vignette with three different parental conditions: substance abuse, mental health problems, and learning difficulties. The findings display that most people would restrict parental freedom to protect the child, and a stricter restriction when the parent struggles with substance abuse compared to mental health compared to learning difficulties...