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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Santiago Tabares Vélez, Lina María Preciado, Leidy Johana Vargas Muñoz, Carlos Alberto Madrid Bracamonte, Angelica Zuluaga, Jeisson Gómez Robles, Camila Renjifo-Ibañez, Sebastián Estrada-Gómez
In Colombia, Micrurus snakebites are classified as severe according to the national clinical care guidelines and must be treated with specific antivenoms. Unfortunately, these types of antivenoms are scarce in certain areas of the country and are currently reported as an unavailable vital medicine. To address this issue, La Universidad de Antioquia, through its spin-off Tech Life Saving, is leading a project to develop third-generation polyvalent freeze-dried antivenom. The goal is to ensure access to this therapy, especially in rural and dispersed areas...
April 9, 2024: Toxins
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis L Alonso, Jory van Thiel, Julien Slagboom, Nathan Dunstan, Cassandra M Modahl, Timothy N W Jackson, Saer Samanipour, Jeroen Kool
This study provides a new methodology for the rapid analysis of numerous venom samples in an automated fashion. Here, we use LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) for venom separation and toxin analysis at the accurate mass level combined with new in-house written bioinformatic scripts to obtain high-throughput results. This analytical methodology was validated using 31 venoms from all members of a monophyletic clade of Australian elapids: brown snakes ( Pseudonaja spp.) and taipans ( Oxyuranus spp...
April 7, 2024: Toxins
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uthpala Chandrasekara, Emilie M Broussard, Darin R Rokyta, Bryan G Fry
The evolutionary interplay between predator and prey has significantly shaped the development of snake venom, a critical adaptation for subduing prey. This arms race has spurred the diversification of the components of venom and the corresponding emergence of resistance mechanisms in the prey and predators of venomous snakes. Our study investigates the molecular basis of venom resistance in pythons, focusing on electrostatic charge repulsion as a defense against α-neurotoxins binding to the alpha-1 subunit of the postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...
April 4, 2024: Toxins
#24
MULTICENTER STUDY
David Benhammou, Jean-Philippe Chippaux, Rodrigue Ntone, Yoann Madec, Pierre Amta, Gaëlle Noel, Fai Njuwa Karl, Anaïs Perilhou, Lucrece Matchim, Marie Sanchez, Mark Ndifon, Pedro Clauteaux, Lucrèce Eteki, Yap Boum, Armand Seraphin Nkwescheu, Fabien Taieb
Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a public health issue in sub-Saharan countries. Antivenom is the only etiological treatment. Excellent tolerance is essential in managing SBE successfully. This study aimed to evaluate tolerance of InoserpTM PAN-AFRICA (IPA). It was conducted on fourteen sites across Cameroon. IPA was administered intravenously and repeated at the same dose every two hours if needed. Early and late tolerance was assessed by the onset of clinical signs within two hours and at a visit two weeks or more after the first IPA administration, respectively...
March 22, 2024: Toxins
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henrique Roman-Ramos, Álvaro R B Prieto-da-Silva, Humberto Dellê, Rafael S Floriano, Lourdes Dias, Stephen Hyslop, Raphael Schezaro-Ramos, Denis Servent, Gilles Mourier, Jéssica Lopes de Oliveira, Douglas Edgard Lemes, Letícia V Costa-Lotufo, Jane S Oliveira, Milene Cristina Menezes, Regina P Markus, Paulo Lee Ho
Coralsnakes ( Micrurus spp.) are the only elapids found throughout the Americas. They are recognized for their highly neurotoxic venom, which is comprised of a wide variety of toxins, including the stable, low-mass toxins known as three-finger toxins (3FTx). Due to difficulties in venom extraction and availability, research on coralsnake venoms is still very limited when compared to that of other Elapidae snakes like cobras, kraits, and mambas. In this study, two previously described 3FTx from the venom of M...
March 22, 2024: Toxins
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William R Kem, Ferenc Soti, James R Rocca, Jodie V Johnson
Nemertean worms contain toxins that are used to paralyze their prey and to deter potential predators. Hoplonemerteans often contain pyridyl alkaloids like anabaseine that act through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and crustacean chemoreceptors. The chemical reactivity of anabaseine, the first nemertean alkaloid to be identified, has been exploited to make drug candidates selective for alpha7 subtype nAChRs. GTS-21, a drug candidate based on the anabaseine scaffold, has pro-cognitive and anti-inflammatory actions in animal models...
March 22, 2024: Marine Drugs
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mya Nila Win, Khin Than Yee, Kyae Mhon Htwe, Ei Ei Thin, Su Mon Win, Aung Myat Kyaw, Myo Myo Aye, Kyaw Kyaw Khaing, Wai Myat Thwe, Khin Khin Htwe, Aung Zaw
Snakebite is a neglected public health issue, with many scientific and medical issues to be solved. Cobras are among the most common venomous snakes in Myanmar and are responsible for a considerable number of severe snakebite envenoming. There are three species of cobra ( Naja kaouthia , Naja mandalayensis and Ophiophagus hannah ) in Myanmar. The study aims to characterize the N. kaouthia and N. mandalayensis venoms and to investigate the efficacy of anti-cobra antivenom (BPI) against the two venoms. Protein components and fibrinogenolytic activity were determined by SDS-PAGE...
June 2024: Toxicon: X
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine Hedges, Michael Schaer, Ashley Allen-Durrance
Snake envenomation is relatively common in small animals, particularly in endemic areas. Effects and outcomes of envenomation during pregnancy are poorly described in humans and more so in veterinary patients. Two young pregnant female dogs presented to a university teaching hospital with a history of acute soft tissue swelling and bleeding. History, physical examination findings, and diagnostics were consistent with envenomation by crotalid snakes. Medical management of one of the dogs included administration of antivenin...
May 1, 2024: Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association
#29
EDITORIAL
Mohamed A Abdel-Rahman, Zhijian Cao, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Peter N Strong, Jean-Marc Sabatier
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongming You, Yani Tang, Wenhao Yin, Xinxin Liu, Pengfei Gao, Chenggui Zhang, Luke R Tembrock, Yu Zhao, Zizhong Yang
Macrothelidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders containing the extant genera Macrothele and Vacrothele. China is an important center of diversity for Macrothele with 65 % of the known species occurring there. Previous work on Macrothele was able to uncover several important toxin compounds including Raventoxin which may have applications in biomedicine and agricultural chemistry. Despite the importance of Macrothele spiders, high-quality reference genomes are still lacking, which hinders our understanding and application of the toxin compounds...
April 22, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marek Niedoszytko, Aleksandra Gorska, Knut Brockow, Patrizia Bonadonna, Magdalena Lange, Hanneke Kluin-Nelemans, Hanneke Oude-Elberink, Vito Sabato, Khalid Shoumariyeh, Dagmar von Bubnoff, Sabine Müller, Anja Illerhaus, Michael Doubek, Irena Angelova-Fischer, Olivier Hermine, Michel Arock, Chiara Elena, Luca Malcovati, Akif Selim Yavuz, Tanja Daniela Schug, Anna Belloni Fortina, Várkonyi Judit, Jason Gotlib, Jens Panse, Vladan Vucinic, Andreas Reiter, Juliana Schwaab, Massimo Triggiani, Mattias Mattsson, Christine Breynaert, Jan Romantowski, Roberta Zanotti, Elisa Olivieri, Alexander Zink, Annick van de Ven, Alex Stefan, Stephane Barete, Francesca Caroppo, Cecelia Perkins, Vanessa Kennedy, Deborah Christen, Mohamad Jawhar, Johannes Luebke, Roberta Parente, Kerstin Levedahl, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Karin Hartmann, Boguslaw Nedoszytko, Wolfgang R Sperr, Peter Valent
BACKGROUND: Hypersensitivity reactions (HR) are common in mastocytosis. However, little is known about triggers and risk factors. The registry of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM) enables reliable studies in a larger cohort of mastocytosis patients. We assessed prevalence, triggers and risk factors of HR in adults with mastocytosis in the ECNM registry. METHODS: Data were collected in 27 ECNM centers. We analyzed potential triggers (Hymenoptera venoms, food, drug, inhalant and others) and risk factors at diagnosis and during follow-up...
April 23, 2024: Allergy
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markéta Hejníková, Aleš Tomčala, Jan Černý, Dalibor Kodrík
Melittin is a powerful toxin present in honeybee venom that is active in a wide range of animals, from insects to humans. Melittin exerts numerous biological, toxicological, and pharmacological effects, the most important of which is destruction of the cell membrane. The phospholipase activity of melittin and its ability to activate phospholipases in the venom contribute to these actions. Using analytical methods, we discovered that the honeybee Apis mellifera produces melittin not only in the venom gland but also in its fat body cells, which remain resistant to this toxin's effects...
April 20, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology: CBP
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shawn Afvari, Dirk M Elston
Scorpionfish are among the most venomous creatures found in American and Caribbean seas. Their envenomation is responsible for considerable morbidity and socioeconomic burden associated with marine animal injuries. Avoiding physical contact with scorpionfish through proper identification prevails as the chief prevention method for stings. This article discusses common features of scorpionfish as well as the clinical presentation and treatment options following exposure to its toxins.
March 2024: Cutis; Cutaneous Medicine for the Practitioner
#34
Ubah Mumin Ali Osman, Selim Turfan, Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud
Honeybee bites are a common public health hazard, the incidence of which is gradually increasing. A bee sting incident involving more than fifty stings is categorized as massive envenomation. The clinical manifestations of honey bee stings can range from localized symptoms to severe allergic and systemic reactions.This case study presents a 60-year-old male who experienced multi-organ failure following a severe bee sting incident. According to our research, this is the first documented instance in Somalia of multi-organ failure resulting from a sting by a giant honey bee...
2024: International Medical Case Reports Journal
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Cheng, Liang Xu, Jianhua Gong, Fanglin Yu, Ying Lv, Hai Yuan, Fengqi Hu
Previous studies have highlighted the significant role of complement activation in kidney injuries induced by rhabdomyolysis, intravascular hemolysis, sepsis, and ischemia-reperfusion. Nevertheless, the specific role and mechanism of complement activation in acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by wasp venom remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the specific complement pathway activated and investigate complement activation in AKI induced by wasp venom. In this study, a complement-depleted mouse model was used to investigate the role of complement in wasp venom-induced AKI...
December 2024: Renal Failure
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Salihu, L G Hassan, U Z Faruq, A J Yusuf
Catuneragam nilotica has been used in ethnomedicine to treat snakebite, inflammation, and diarrhea among others. The aim of this research is to isolate, and characterize potential potential phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) inhibitors from the roots of C. nilotica. The plant material was collected, authenticated, and sequentially extracted using solvents of increasing polarity starting from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The extracts as reported in our previous work, were screened in vitro for their inhibitory activity against PLA2 enzyme from N...
April 18, 2024: Toxicon: Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhihao Shang, Yiping Fan, Songyang Xi, Shang Zhang, Weixing Shen, Lihuiping Tao, Changliang Xu, Jiani Tan, Minmin Fan, Hongyue Ma, Yueyang Lai, Dongdong Sun, Haibo Cheng
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health issue, ranking as one of the predominant cancer types globally in terms of incidence. Intriguingly, Arenobufagin (Are), a compound extracted from toad venom, has demonstrated the potential to inhibit tumor growth effectively. PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore Are's molecular targets and unravel its antitumor mechanism in CRC. Specifically, we were interested in its impact on immune checkpoint modulation and correlations with HSP90β-STAT3-PD-L1 axis activity...
February 28, 2024: Phytomedicine
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xu-Jun You, Zheng Wen, Qing-Xia Zheng, Qi-Xin Li, Wei Fu, Hai-Song Li, Bin Wang
OBJECTIVE: Explore the effects of Astragaloside IV and Scorpion Venom Peptide on the activity, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, autophagy, and the expression of proteins related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells. METHODS: The human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 were randomly divided into blank control group, Astragaloside IV group, Scorpion Venom Peptide group, Astragaloside IV-Scorpion Venom Peptide group, and rapamycin (positive drug group)...
December 2023: Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue, National Journal of Andrology
#39
EDITORIAL
Livia da Silva Freitas, Fernando R de Moura, Romina Buffarini, Xesús Feás, Flavio M R da Silva Júnior
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2024: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adriana Knezic, Elena Budusan, Natalie J Saez, Brad R S Broughton, Lachlan D Rash, Glenn F King, Robert E Widdop, Claudia A McCarthy
Activation of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) plays a major role in mediating acidosis-induced neuronal injury following a stroke. Therefore, the inhibition of ASIC1a is a potential therapeutic avenue for the treatment of stroke. Venom-peptide Hi1a, a selective and highly potent ASIC1a inhibitor, reduces the infarct size and functional deficits when injected into the brain after stroke in rodents. However, its efficacy when administered using a clinically relevant route of administration remains to be established...
April 12, 2024: ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science
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