noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring

Pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) has been used as a clinical standard for cardiac output (CO) measurements on humans. On animals, however, an ultrasonic flow sensor (UFS) placed around the ascending aorta or pulmonary artery can measure CO and stroke volume (SV) more accurately. The objective of this paper is to compare CO and SV measurements using a noninvasive electrical impedance tomography (EIT) device and three invasive devices using UFS, PAC-CCO (continuous CO) and arterial pressure-based CO (APCO)...

Preeclampsia remains the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and is associated with abnormal body fluid homeostasis and cardiovascular dysfunction. Moreover, 2 distinct hemodynamic phenotypes have been described in preeclampsia, which might require different therapeutic approaches. Fluid restriction is mandatory in women at risk of pulmonary edema, whereas additional fluid administration may be required to correct tissue hypoperfusion in women with intravascular volume depletion. As clinical examination alone cannot discriminate among different hemodynamic patterns, optimal management of women with preeclampsia remains challenging...

BACKGROUND: Increased cardiovascular risk following preeclampsia is well established and there are signs of early cardiovascular aging 6 months postpartum. This study assessed whether blood pressure (BP) and other cardiovascular measures are abnormal 2 years postpartum in the same cohort to determine ongoing risk markers. METHODS: Six months and 2 years postpartum, BP was measured using sphygmomanometry, 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring, and noninvasive central BP...

Anastomotic leaks and fistulas are significant complications of gastric surgery that potentially lead to increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Surgical intervention is reserved for cases with severe symptoms or hemodynamic instability; however, surgery carries a higher risk of complications. With advancements in endoscopic treatment options, endoscopic approaches have emerged as the primary choice for managing these complications. Endoscopic clipping is a traditional method comprising 2 main categories: through-the-scope clips and over-the-scope clips...

BACKGROUND: Blood pressure (BP) is routinely invasively monitored by an arterial catheter in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, the available data comparing the accuracy of noninvasive methods to arterial catheters for measuring BP in the ICU are limited by small numbers and diverse methodologies. PURPOSE: To determine agreement between invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring (IABP) and noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) in critically ill patients. METHODS: This was a single center, observational study of critical ill adults in a tertiary care facility evaluating agreement (≤10% difference) between simultaneously measured IABP and NIBP...

BACKGROUND: Nociceptive pain is required for healthy function, yet, neuropathic pain (disease or injury) can be severely debilitating. Though a wide-array of treatment options are available, they are often systemic and/or invasive. As a promising neuromodulation treatment, Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a noninvasive and highly spatially-targeted technique shown to stimulate neural activity, yet, effects on pain signaling are currently unknown. OBJECTIVE: Develop and validate a method for studying FUS nerve stimulation modulation of pain-evoked neural responses in vivo...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether changes in carotid artery corrected flow time (ΔFTcbolus) and carotid artery peak flow velocity respiratory variation (ΔVpeakbolus) induced by the fluid challenge could reliably predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with a tidal volume < 8 ml/kg PBW while preserving spontaneous breathing. METHODS: Carotid artery corrected flow time (FTc), carotid artery peak flow velocity respiratory variation (ΔVpeak), and hemodynamic data were measured before and after administration of 250 ml crystalloids...

AIM: We used a wearable carotid Doppler patch to study carotid blood flow patterns in a porcine model of cardiac arrest to identify return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hemodynamics associated with different arrhythmias and the quality of compressions. METHODS: Twenty Landrace pigs were used as models of cardiac arrest following a standard protocol. Carotid blood flow was monitored continuously using noninvasive ultrasound. Carotid spectral waveforms were captured during various arrhythmias and CPR...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic heart failure (CHF), as the final stage of the progression of many cardiovascular disorders, is one of the main causes of hospitalization and death in the elderly and has a substantial impact on patients' quality of life (QOL). Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to considerably enhance QOL and prognosis. Given the barriers to center-based CR faced by most developing countries in the form of expensive instruments, the development of home-based CR is necessary...

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive optical method widely used for evaluating tissue hemodynamics and various physiological characteristics. Despite its advantages, NIRS faces limitations in light sampling depth and spatial resolution, which has led to the development of implantable NIRS sensors. However, these implantable sensors are prone to Common-Mode Voltage (CMV) interference due to their increased sensor-to-tissue capacitance, which can compromise the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of measurements...

BACKGROUND: Recent technological developments enable big data-driven insights on diurnal changes. This study aimed to describe the trajectory of multiple and advanced parameters using a medical-grade wearable remote patient monitor. METHODS: Parameters were monitored for 24 h in 256 ambulatory participants who kept living their normal life. Parameters included heart rate, blood pressure, stroke volume, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, blood oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate...

Hemodynamic monitoring of neonates is crucial because neonates are easily and acutely susceptible to hemodynamic disturbances. As such, non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamics is preferable. It has been postulated that non-invasive pulse oximetry determines the perfusion index and pulse variability index and provides accurate measurements to predict hemodynamic changes in preterm or term infants. Equally, numerous studies have investigated the efficacy of perfusion and pulse variability indices in monitoring neonatal hemodynamics...

BACKGROUND: Traditional clinical characteristics have certain limitations in evaluating cancer prognosis. The radiomics features provide information on tumor morphology, tissue texture, and hemodynamics, which can accurately reflect personalized predictions. This study investigated the clinical value of radiomics features on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images in predicting prognosis and postoperative chemotherapy benefits for patients with gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: For this study, 171 GC patients who underwent radical gastrectomy and pathology confirmation of the malignancy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were retrospectively enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a noninvasive bedside tool for cerebral hemodynamic assessments in multiple clinical scenarios. TCD, by means of measuring systolic and diastolic blood velocities, allows the calculation of the pulsatility index (PI), a parameter that is correlated with intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, the predictive value of the PI for raised ICP appears to be low, as it is subjected to several, often confounding, factors not related to ICP. Recently, the pulsatile apparent resistance (PaR) index was developed as a PI corrected for arterial blood pressure, reducing some of the confounding factors influencing PI...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is necessary for managing patients with traumatic brain injury. Although gold-standard methods include intraventricular or intraparenchymal transducers, these systems cannot be used in patients with coagulopathies or high risk of catheter-related infections nor in resource-constrained settings. Thus, a noninvasive modality that is more widely available, cost-effective, and safe would have tremendous impact. Among such noninvasive choices, transcranial Doppler (TCD) provides indirect ICP estimates through waveform analysis of cerebral hemodynamic changes...

OBJECTIVES: Continuous hemodynamic monitoring offers the opportunity to individualize management in severe preeclampsia (PEC). We compared cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) measured by bioreactance (NICOM), Clearsite™ Fingercuff [CS), and 3D-echocardiography (3DE). STUDY DESIGN: This prospective observational study included 12 pregnant patients with early PEC. CO and TPR were measured simultaneously by NICOM, CS, and 3DE antepartum and 1-2 days postpartum...

OBJECTIVE: Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a difficult disease to deal with because there are neither reliable clinical signs, laboratory biomarkers, nor a single noninvasive imaging technique that can be used for early diagnosis and disease activity monitoring. Knowledge of aortic hemodynamics in TA is lacking. This study aimed to fill this gap by assessing hemodynamics in patients with TA using image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. METHODS: Eleven patients with TA were included in the present study...

PURPOSE: Bedside transthoracic echocardiography (TTEcho) is a noninvasive cardiac output (CO) monitoring method that has grown recently. However, there are questions regarding its accuracy compared to invasive methods. We aimed to evaluate the agreement and correlation of TTEcho and pulse index continuous CO (PiCCO) monitor measurements for CO and systolic volume (SV) in critically ill patients. METHODS: This prospective experimental study included consecutive adult patients who required invasive hemodynamic monitoring admitted at an intensive care unit in the Federal District, Brazil, from January/2019 to January/2021...

BACKGROUND: Despite the demonstrated benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), subclinical leaflet thrombosis and hypoattenuated leaflet thickening are commonly seen as initial indications of decreased valve durability and augmented risk of transient ischemic attack. METHODS: We developed a multiscale patient-specific computational framework to quantify metrics of global circulatory function, metrics of global cardiac function, and local cardiac fluid dynamics of the aortic root and coronary arteries...

BACKGROUND: Predicting the onset of hemodynamic instability before it occurs remains a sought-after goal in acute and critical care medicine. Technologies that allow for this may assist clinicians in preventing episodes of hemodynamic instability (EHI). We tested a novel noninvasive technology, the Analytic for Hemodynamic Instability-Predictive Indicator (AHI-PI), which analyzes a single lead of electrocardiogram (ECG) and extracts heart rate variability and morphologic waveform features to predict an EHI prior to its occurrence...