Optic disc detection

The purpose of this case report is to describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of a peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane (PPCNVM) in an eye with morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA). A PPCNVM appears as a hyper-reflective mass in the peripapillary area. It should be distinguished from peripapillary hyper-reflective ovoid mass-like structures, which are markers of axoplasmic flow stasis. This case report describes the distinguishing features between the two. The presence of intraretinal cystic spaces are indicative of an active PPCNVM...

OBJECTIVES: Assessment of the effect of incorporation of graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONPs), different concentrations into resin composite with different thicknesses on its color modulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GONPs were prepared using the chemical reduction method and characterized using a transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The minimum concentrations of GONPs that provided the most effective antibacterial action (0.05 wt% and 0.2 wt%...

PURPOSE: Identifying glaucoma patients at high risk of progression based on widely available structural data is an unmet task in clinical practice. We test the hypothesis that baseline or serial structural measures can predict visual field (VF) progression with deep learning (DL). METHODS:   SETTING: Tertiary academic center. DESIGN: Development of a DL algorithm to predict VF progression. STUDY POPULATION: 3,079 eyes (1,765 patients) with various types of glaucoma and ≥5 VFs, and ≥3 years of follow-up...

PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the changes in optic nerve function that may help in the diagnosis of subclinical optic nerve involvement in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) and isolated optic disc (OD) hyperfluorescence in fluorescein angiography (FA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three groups were formed; BD patients with isolated OD hyperfluorescence in FA, BD patients without ocular involvement (normal FA) and control group. A total of 88 eyes of 45 patients were included...

PURPOSE: To assess the retinal vasculature changes quantitatively using wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and explore its correlation with systemic clinical features. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS: Patients with SLE who presented to the Ophthalmology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023 were collected...

AIMS: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) with mtDNA primary mutations to better understand features associated with prognosis. METHODS: This study enrolled 1540 LHON patients from 1516 unrelated families genetically confirmed by Sanger or whole-mitochondrial sequencing between 1997 and 2022. The spectrum of variants was summarised and compared in different ethnic groups. Clinical data from outpatients were collected, including onset age, disease course, optic disc categories and the corresponding visual acuity...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the detectability of optic disc drusen (ODD), using various non-invasive imaging techniques, including the novel retro-mode imaging (RMI), as well as to analyze the morphological characteristics of ODD on RMI. METHODS: This study involved seven patients with bilateral ODD, totaling 14 eyes. Multimodal imaging techniques, including multicolor fundus photography (MC), near-infrared reflectance (NIR), green and blue light fundus autofluorescence (G-FAF and B-FAF, respectively), and RMI were used to examine the eyes...

PURPOSE: Tracking functional changes in visual fields (VFs) through standard automated perimetry remains a clinical standard for glaucoma diagnosis. This study aims to develop and evaluate a deep learning (DL) model to predict regional VF progression, which has not been explored in prior studies. METHODS: The study included 2430 eyes of 1283 patients with four or more consecutive VF examinations from the baseline. A multi-label transformer-based network (MTN) using longitudinal VF data was developed to predict progression in six VF regions mapped to the optic disc...

INTRODUCTION: Mutations in the retinal pigment epithelial 65 kilodalton protein ( RPE65 ) gene are associated with various inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), including Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), early-onset severe retinal dystrophy (EOSRD), and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We screened for mutations in RPE65 in a series of Indian patients with these IRDs to determine the frequency/types of mutations and to describe the associated phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnosis of LCA, EOSRD, and RP was made by standard and pre-defined criteria...

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus photographic interpretation is beneficial to improve the screening of fundus abnormalities. Therefore we constructed an AI machine-learning approach and performed preliminary training and validation. METHODS: We proposed a two-stage deep learning-based framework to detect early retinal peripheral degeneration using UWF images from the Chinese Air Force cadets' medical selection between February 2016 and June 2022...

The increase in eye disorders among older individuals has raised concerns, necessitating early detection through regular eye examinations. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a prevalent condition in individuals over 45, is a leading cause of vision impairment in the elderly. This paper presents a comprehensive computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework to categorize fundus images into geographic atrophy (GA), intermediate AMD, normal, and wet AMD categories. This is crucial for early detection and precise diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), enabling timely intervention and personalized treatment strategies...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Papilledema refers to optic disc swelling caused by raised intracranial pressure. This syndrome arises from numerous potential causes, which may pose varying degrees of threat to patients. Manifestations of papilledema range from mild to severe, and early diagnosis is important to prevent vision loss and other deleterious outcomes. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis and management of syndromes of raised intracranial pressure associated with papilledema...

Infiltrative optic neuropathy is a condition characterized by the invasion of tumor cells into the optic nerve. Breast carcinoma can metastasize to various organs, most commonly the bones, lungs, and liver, and rarely involves the orbit. Orbital involvement may result in debilitating visual impairment and blindness. We report a case of infiltrative optic neuropathy secondary to advanced breast carcinoma. A 39-year-old woman with stage 4 breast carcinoma presented with sudden-onset blurred vision in her right eye for one week...

BACKGROUND: Optic disc swelling poses a diagnostic challenge due to its multiple underlying pathological causes. This study aimed to investigate the use of fluorescein angiography (FLA) in combination with optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a diagnostic tool for differentiating between papilledema and papillitis in cases of optic disc swelling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 12 patients were included in the study in whom both FLA and OCT of the optic disc were performed to evaluate the optic disc swelling in cases of papilledema (7 patients, 14 eyes) and papillitis (5 patients, 7 eyes)...

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this paper is to compare retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) and Bruch's membrane opening-based minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) in terms of their performance in detecting early and moderate/advanced glaucoma using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and the classification using the 5th percentile as a cut-off. METHODS: One hundred eyes from 100 patients with early glaucoma (mean deviation (MD): < -5.0 dB) and 100 eyes from 100 patients with moderate/advanced glaucoma (MD: > -5...

PURPOSE: To determine the characteristics of peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and in normal adults. METHODS: A total of 406 included eyes were divided into four groups: acute NAION group, chronic NAION group, unaffected group, and normal eyes group. PHOMS were detected on optical coherence tomography slices from optical coherence tomography angiography scans centered on the optic nerve head (ONH)...

PURPOSE: To analyse baseline imaging characteristics and factors affecting poor visual acuity in diabetic papillopathy. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational study conducted at a tertiary eye care centre in eyes with a diagnosis of diabetic papillopathy. Demographic data including age, gender, duration of diabetes, type of diabetes, HbA1c values and other systemic co-morbidities were recorded. Baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and various imaging characteristics were noted...

BACKGROUND: Implantation of the left atrial appendage occluder (LAAO) has been proven to prevent stroke effectively in patients with atrial fibrillation who cannot tolerate anticoagulants. Incomplete endothelization of LAAO may cause device-related thrombus, and currently no good image modality exists to clearly see LAAO endothelialization. We aimed to use coronary optic coherence tomography (OCT) to visualize LAAO endothelialization. METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 14 patients (72...

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disorder that may bring about blindness in preterm infants. Early detection and treatment of ROP can prevent this blindness. The gold standard technique for ROP screening is indirect ophthalmoscopy performed by ophthalmologists. The scarcity of medical professionals and inter-observer heterogeneity in ROP grading are two of the screening concerns. Researchers employ artificial intelligence (AI) driven ROP screening systems to assist medical experts. A major hurdle in developing these systems is the unavailability of annotated data sets of fundus images...

PURPOSE: The present study was done to assess the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in detecting earlier stages of diabetic retinopathy and for the early management and effective blood glucose control in preclinical diabetic patients for preventing retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning. METHODS: A tertiary care center-based prospective observational study was conducted from the year 2021 to 2022 in the Department of Ophthalmology. The study included 50 cases and 50 controls...