proximal hamstring

INTRODUCTION: Simultaneous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and ipsilateral hamstring ruptures have never been reported in the literature. The purpose of this article is to describe a treatment approach for such a case. The principles in this case can help guide treatment for any patient with concomitant ACL and hamstring pathology. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 53-year-old male who presented with left ipsilateral simultaneous complete proximal hamstring tendon (HT) and ACL tears after an acute tennis injury...

OBJECTIVE: (s): The purpose of this study was to compare the regeneration of semitendinosus and gracilis tendons from two different graft harvesting techniques which are the stump preservation and conventional graft harvesting technique. We hypothesised that the stump preservation graft harvesting technique which preserved the distal attachment of tendons at their insertion would facilitate anatomical regeneration to the pes anserinus. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomised double-blinded study whereby thirty consecutive patients who underwent single bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with ipsilateral semitendinosus and gracilis autografts were recruited...

This study aimed to characterize and compare force production and muscle activity during four flywheel deadlift exercises (bilateral [Bi] vs. unilateral [Uni]) with different loading conditions (vertical [Ver] vs. horizontal [Hor]). Twenty-three team-sport athletes underwent assessments for exercise kinetics (hand-grip force), along with surface electromyography (sEMG) of the proximal (BFProx) and medial biceps femoris (BFMed), semitendinosus (ST), and gluteus medius (GM). Mean and peak force were highest ( p < 0...

INTRODUCTION: The management of proximal hamstring tear (PHT) is debated and consensus regarding recommended measures and individual treatment regimens is lacking. The present investigation evaluated the efficacy of a conservative management of partial and complete PHT. METHODS: The present observational study was conducted following the STROBE statement. In June 2018 the medical databases of the BG Klinikum Bergmannstrost Halle, Germany were accessed. All the patients with PHT were retrieved...

UNLABELLED: Myofascial release is a popular therapy technique used to manipulate connective muscle tissue to become more pliable. The maintenance of body posture relies on mechanoreceptors located in connective tissue, thus manipulation of connective tissue should affect postural control. The effects of this phenomenon have not been well studied, leaving room for this investigation. PURPOSE: To observe if postural sway scores changed before and after foam rolling proximal (quadriceps and hamstrings) in comparison to distal (calves) muscles...

BACKGROUND: From the perspective of graft protection and early rehabilitation during the maturation and remodeling phases of graft healing, suture augmentation (SA) for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has attracted more and more attention. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To determine whether the additional SA affects clinical results, graft maturation and graft-bone interface healing during two years follow-up after ACLR...

Tendinopathy describes persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical loading. Two common hip tendinopathies seen in practice are gluteal tendinopathy and proximal hamstring tendinopathy. Both conditions can be frustrating for patients and clinicians due to the delay in diagnosis, significant disability caused and lack of response to common treatments. Tendinopathy is a clinical diagnosis and can most often be made using findings from the patient interview and pain provocation tests, without the need for imaging...

Tendon properties impact human locomotion, influencing sports performance, and injury prevention. Hamstrings play a crucial role in sprinting, particularly the biceps femoris long head (BFlh), which is prone to frequent injuries. It remains uncertain if BFlh exhibits distinct mechanical properties compared to other hamstring muscles. This study utilized free-hand three-dimensional ultrasound to assess morphological and mechanical properties of distal hamstrings tendons in 15 men. Scans were taken in prone position, with hip and knee extended, at rest and during 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the knee flexors...

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the correlation between MRI findings and difficult dissection during proximal primary hamstring repair and postoperative sciatica. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 cases of surgically repaired hamstring tendon tears that underwent preoperative and postoperative MRI were divided into sciatica (n = 12) and control (n = 20) groups based on the presence or absence of postoperative sciatica. Cases were scored by two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists for imaging features associated with difficult surgical dissection and the development of subsequent sciatica...

OBJECTIVES: Hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) commonly affect the proximal biceps femoris long head (BFlh) musculotendinous junction. Biomechanical modeling suggests narrow proximal BFlh aponeuroses and large muscle-to-aponeurosis width ratios increase localized tissue strains and presumably risk of HSI. This study aimed to determine if BFlh muscle and proximal aponeurosis geometry differed between limbs with and without a history of HSI. METHODS: Twenty-six recreationally active males with (n = 13) and without (n = 13) a history of unilateral HSI in the last 24 months underwent magnetic resonance imaging of both thighs...

BACKGROUND: Primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has some potential advantages over the reconstruction technique, which include but are not limited to better knee sensation due to preservation of the natural ACL tissue in patients compared with tendon graft. Proprioception is impaired after ACL injuries and the sense of the joint position is lost. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to compare arthroscopic ACL primary repair and ACL reconstruction techniques clinically and functionally and analyze the differences in proprioception...

Deep gluteal syndrome (DGS) is a significant cause of posterior hip pain resulting from the compression of the sciatic or other peripheral nerves in the deep gluteal space. Understanding the anatomy of the deep gluteal space and the kinematics of the sciatic nerve, as it passes through this region is crucial for understanding DGS. Despite increasing awareness, DGS is still often overlooked. This review focuses on conditions that specifically contribute to posterior hip pain as a consequence of DGS. Predominantly addressing piriformis syndrome, gemelli-obturator internus syndrome, ischiofemoral impingement syndrome, and proximal hamstring syndrome, the review also touches upon rare cases such as inferior and superior gluteal nerve entrapment...

BACKGROUND: Despite the prevalence of proximal hamstring avulsion injuries (PHAIs), the understanding of rerupture risk factors and the influence of injury chronicity on these rates remain limited. PURPOSE: To investigate the rerupture rate after PHAI repair and identify its associated risk factors and the optimal time to primary surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHOD: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the French Proximal Hamstring Avulsion Surgery Cohort Study targeting patients surgically treated for PHAI between 2002 and 2022...

INTRODUCTION: Increased time to surgery has been previously associated with poorer clinical outcomes after surgical treatment of proximal hamstring ruptures, though the etiology remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether degree of muscle atrophy, as assessed using the Goutallier classification system, is associated with worse outcomes following surgical treatment of chronic proximal hamstring ruptures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective case series of patients who underwent repair of proximal hamstring ruptures from 2012 to 2020 with minimum 2-year follow-up...

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that chronic ankle instability (CAI) leads to abnormalities in neuromuscular control of more proximal joints than the ankle. Although strength of the hip and the ankle muscles has been largely investigated providing concordant results, limited evidence with contrasting results has been reported regarding knee extensor and flexor muscles. PURPOSE: To investigate maximal and submaximal isometric muscle strength in individuals with CAI...

The incidence of hamstring muscle strain varies among muscles, suggesting that the mechanical stresses associated with elongation may differ among muscles. However, the passive mechanical properties of whole human muscles have rarely been directly measured and clarified. This study aimed to clarify the stress-strain relationship of the hamstring muscles using a soft-embalmed Thiel cadaver. The long heads of the biceps femoris (BFlh), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles were dissected from eight cadavers...

OBJECTIVE: The best method for femoral fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) remains controversial. The study assesses the bone tunnel enlargement and clinical outcome in hamstring ACLR using cortical suspension or hybrid (cortical suspension and compression) femoral fixation. METHODS: From January 2010 to December 2021, 102 patients who underwent quadruple hamstring ACLR using cortical suspension (39 patients) or hybrid (63 patients) fixation on the femoral side were retrospectively analyzed...

BACKGROUND: "Coronal split/overlap repair" patellar tendon shortening (PTS) is a technique that is utilized to treat patella alta and can be combined with distal femoral extension osteotomy (DFEO) for the treatment of crouch gait in skeletally immature patients with cerebral palsy. DESCRIPTION: The patellar tendon is split in the coronal plane. The ventral patellar tendon flap is released from its patellar attachment and is reflected distally over its tibial attachment, exposing a dorsal flap...

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, postoperative rehabilitation protocols after proximal hamstring repair (PHR) for avulsion of the proximal hamstring tendon from its ischial insertion recommend bracing the hip and/or knee to protect the fixation. However, because of the cumbersome nature of these orthoses, recent studies have investigated outcomes in patients with postoperative protocols that do not include any form of postoperative bracing. PURPOSE: To synthesize the current body of evidence concerning bracing versus nonbracing postoperative management of PHR...

PURPOSE: Hamstring muscle strain injury is very common in sports involving high-speed running. Hamstring muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity and thus pelvic position may influence hamstring strain during different sports movements like sprinting, but this has only been evaluated by indirect methods. This study tested the hypothesis that a change in anterior pelvic tilt causes elongation of the overall hamstring complex and disproportionately elongates proximal relative to distal muscle regions...