Gynecologic cancer

This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between mentorship, survivorship, and identity construction in people who have had gynecologic cancer and participated as mentors in a peer mentorship program. A qualitative descriptive study was designed, and hour-long semi-structured interviews with peer mentors were conducted. Interviews investigated how serving as a peer mentor influenced understanding of mentors' own cancer experiences. Thematic analysis was then conducted. All authors open-coded a subset of interviews to develop a codebook, which was then used to code the remaining transcripts...

Metabolomics generates complex data necessitating advanced computational methods for generating biological insight. While machine learning (ML) is promising, the challenges of selecting the best algorithms and tuning hyperparameters, particularly for nonexperts, remain. Automated machine learning (AutoML) can streamline this process; however, the issue of interpretability could persist. This research introduces a unified pipeline that combines AutoML with explainable AI (XAI) techniques to optimize metabolomics analysis...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/a-2238-3153.].

Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive and significant malignant tumor forms in the female reproductive system. It is the leading cause of death among gynecological cancers owing to its metastasis. Since its preliminary disease symptoms are lacking, it is imperative to develop early diagnostic biomarkers to aid in treatment optimization and personalization. In this vein, microRNAs, which are short sequence non-coding molecules, displayed great potential as highly specific and sensitive biomarker. miRNAs have been extensively advocated and proven to serve an instrumental part in the clinical management of cancer, especially ovarian cancer, by promoting the cancer cell progression, invasion, delayed apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis of cancer cells, chemosensitivity and resistance and disease therapy...

OBJECTIVES: Deep pelvic abscesses are surrounded by the pelvic bones, bladder, gynecological organs, intestinal tract, and nerve and vascular systems, and are approached by various routes for drainage. The transgluteal approach is often performed under computed tomography guidance; however, if ultrasonography can be used to confirm the approach, it is considered more effective because it reduces radiation exposure and allows for real-time puncture under sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance...

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease, defined by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. This disease is one of the main gynecological diseases, affecting around 10%-15% women and girls of reproductive age, being a common gynecologic disorder. Although endometriosis is a benign disease, it shares several characteristics with invasive cancer. Studies support that it has been linked with an increased chance of developing endometrial ovarian cancer, representing an earlier stage of neoplastic processes...

OBJECTIVE: The use of conventional doxorubicin in combination with trabectedin leads to a considerable prolongation of progression-free survival in the treatment of uterine sarcomas but is associated with dose-limiting toxicities. Significant progression-free survival improvement was recently obtained through treatment prolongation with trabectedin single agent. We hypothesize that the therapeutic index of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combined with trabectedin could be superior to the combination with conventional doxorubicin due to a more favorable toxicity profile...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the predominant malignancy among gynecologic cancers and ranks fourth among all types of cancer. Recently, researchers have focused on the development of new prognostic biomarkers. Subunits of the SWI/SNF protein complex, like the ARID1 and BRG1, have been associated with the development of endometrial cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression patterns of ARID1A and BRG1 in a collection of endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the uterus using immunohistochemistry...

OBJECTIVE: Despite lacking clinical data, the Dutch government is considering increasing the minimum annual surgical volume per center from twenty to fifty cytoreductive surgeries (CRS) for advanced-stage ovarian cancer (OC). This study aims to evaluate whether this increase is warranted. METHODS: This population-based study included all CRS for FIGO-stage IIB-IVB OC registered in eighteen Dutch hospitals between 2019 and 2022. Short-term outcomes included result of CRS, length of stay, severe complications, 30-day mortality, time to adjuvant chemotherapy, and textbook outcome...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe RAS mutations in gynecologic cancers as they relate to clinicopathologic and genomic features, survival, and therapeutic implications. METHODS: Gynecologic cancers with available somatic molecular profiling data at our institution between February 2010 and August 2022 were included and grouped by RAS mutation status. Overall survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariable analysis was performed using Cox proportional-hazards model...

Oestrogen is considered by many to be a major cause of breast cancer, and yet hormonal contraception and menopausal hormonal therapy have a paradoxically small effect on breast cancer risk. Also, in the oestrogen-only arm of the Women's Health Initiative, subjects given oestrogen had a reduced risk of breast cancer compared to controls. Initiation of breast cancer likely begins early in life, in the long-lived ER- PR- breast stem cell. The main mitogen of ER+ PR+ breast cancers is oestrogen derived from local breast fat and the tumour itself, rather than circulating oestrogens...

Ovarian cancer is among the most lethal gynecological cancers, primarily due to the lack of specific symptoms leading to an advanced-stage diagnosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Drug resistance (DR) poses the most significant challenge in treating patients with existing drugs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved three new therapeutic drugs, including two poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (olaparib and niraparib) and one vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (bevacizumab) for maintenance therapy...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Expanding outpatient surgery to the increasing number of procedures and patient populations warrants continuous evaluation of postoperative outcomes to ensure the best care and safety. We describe adverse postoperative outcomes and transfer rates related to anesthesia in a large sample of patients who underwent same-day cancer surgery at a freestanding ambulatory surgery center. METHODS: Between January 2017 and June 2021, 3361 cancer surgeries, including breast and plastic, head and neck, gynecology, and urology, were performed...

OBJECTIVE: Recurrence remains a significant clinical problem for patients with cervical cancer, and early detection may improve outcomes. Serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is a biomarker of prognosis and response to chemoradiotherapy. We hypothesized that elevated serum SCCA during surveillance is sensitive and specific for recurrence. METHODS: Pre-treatment and follow-up serum SCCA from patients treated with definitive-intent radiotherapy were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory and analyzed retrospectively...

Fourteen diterpenes were isolated from methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Coleus comosus , Coleus forsteri "Marginatus", and Plectranthus ciliatus . The compounds belong to the abietane ( 1 - 4 , 9 - 11 , and 13 ), ent -clerodane ( 5 - 8 ), and ent -kaurane ( 14 , 15 ) classes. Three new compounds were isolated from C. comosus , including 3- O -acetylornatin G ( 2 ), 3,12-di- O -acetylornatin G ( 3 ), ornatin B methyl ester ( 5 ), and ornatin F ( 4 ), for which we proposed a revised structure. The structures of the compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and HPV vaccination among women undergoing cervical cancer screening during the HPV vaccination era at Siriraj Hospital - Thailand's largest national tertiary referral center. METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at our center's outpatient gynecology clinic during September-December 2021. Women aged ≥18 years with no previous hysterectomy, no history of preinvasive or invasive cervical cancer, and no current pregnancy who visited for cervical cancer screening were eligible for enrollment...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Neither improvements in surgical techniques and methods nor advances in radiotherapy equipment and techniques have significantly improved cervical cancer survival rates for quite some time. AIM: By comparing the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer, this study aimed to explore effective treatment methods for locally advanced cervical cancer, and provide a theoretical basis to guide clinical practice...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The molecular basis of endometrial cancer, which is the most common malignancy of the female reproductive organs, relies not only on onset of mutations but also on copy number variations, the latter consisting of gene gains or losses. In this review, we introduce copy number variations and discuss their involvement in endometrial cancer to determine the perspectives of clinical applicability. We performed a literature analysis on PubMed of publications over the past 30 years and annotated clinical information, including histological and molecular subtypes, adopted molecular techniques for identification of copy number variations, their locations, and the genes involved...