cleft palate or lip

INTRODUCTION: The craniofacial abnormalities found in infants with cleft palate (CP) decrease their airway patency and increase their risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We hypothesise that optimising sleep position in infants with CP may improve airway patency and offer a 'low-cost, high-impact' intervention to prevent the negative impacts of OSA. Because cleft centres give inconsistent advice about sleep position: some recommend back-lying and others side-lying, we will compare these in a randomised controlled trial...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence regarding skeletal maturation in patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and to investigate whether the skeletal maturation is delayed in these patients. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Electronic and manual searches of scientific literature were conducted in 4 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). Cohort studies that compared the skeletal maturation of patients with CL/P with that of children without CL/P were eligible for inclusion...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a Cleft Nurse Navigator (CNN) program on care for patients with cleft lip and cleft palate and assess the programs efficacy to reduce existing socioeconomic disparities in care. DESIGN: Retrospective review and outcomes analysis (n = 739). SETTING: Academic tertiary care center. PATIENTS: All patients presenting with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) born between May 2009 and November 2019 with exclusions for atypical clefts, submucous cleft palates, international adoption, and very late presentation (after 250 days of life)...

INTRODUCTION: Since the early stages of alveolar bone grafting development, multiple types of materials have been used. Iliac cancellous bone graft (ICBG) remains the gold standard. DESIGN/METHODS: A review of literature is conducted in order to describe the different bone filling possibilities, autologous or not, and to assess their effectiveness compared to ICBG. This review focused on studies reporting volumetric assessment of the alveolar cleft graft result (by computed tomography scan or cone beam computed tomography)...

Exposure to environmental toxicants such as all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) may cause cleft palate (CP), which process is related to DNA damage. Rad54B, an important DNA damage repaired protein, has been proved to be associated with non-syndromic cleft lip with palate (NSCLP). In the present study, we sought to clarify the role of Rad54B in palatal development and environment-induced CP. atRA (100 mg/kg) and TCDD (40 μg/kg) were used to induce CP in mice (C57BL/6 J mice)...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess if cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients undergoing orthodontic treatment have a higher colonization of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus than patients without this condition. METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched systematically. The inclusion criteria were: randomized clinical trials, non-randomized, or quasi-randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies published until March, 2021; Articles that evaluated Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus profile in patients with and without cleft lip and palate undergoing orthodontic treatment...

The latest decades are characterized by an enormous progression in the field of human genetics. In consequences, for various phenotypic manifestations, genetic testing could identify a specific underlying cause. An estimated incidence for all types of 18q deletions is one in 55 000 births predominant on females. About 94% of cases with 18q deletion syndrome appearance are de novo, and the remaining 6% are the inherited from a parent carrying a balanced chromosomal translocation. We present the case of a 35-year-old female who was admitted in our Unit for a second ultrasound opinion after being diagnosed at the second trimester scan at gestational age of 21 weeks of pregnancy with multiple brain and heart malformations, having the recommendation for fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFCs) are a common birth defect and are phenotypically heterogenous in the structure affected by the cleft - cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP) - as well as other features, such as the severity of the cleft. Here, we focus on bilateral and unilateral clefts as one dimension of OFC severity, because the genetic architecture of these subtypes is not well understood. We tested for subtype-specific genetic associations in 44 bilateral CL (BCL) cases, 434 unilateral CL (UCL) cases, 530 bilateral CLP cases (BCLP), 1123 unilateral CLP (UCLP) cases, and unrelated controls (N = 1626), using a mixed-model approach...

This cohort study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of children with CLP, from two different age groups, and evaluate the effect of supervised or unsupervised toothbrushing on the microbiome of the cleft over time. Swab samples were collected from the cleft area at three different time points (A; no brushing, B; after 15 days and C; after 30 days) and were analyzed using next-generation sequencing to determine the microbial composition and diversity in these time points. Overall, brushing significantly decreased the abundance of the genera Alloprevotella and Leptotrichia in the two age groups examined, and for Alloprevotella this decrease was more evident for children (2-6 years old)...

A tooth in the nasal cavity is an uncommon phenomenon. The exact mechanism is unclear, and patients may present with non-specific nasal symptoms. We encountered a 24-year-old patient with history of cleft palate repair, presenting to us with unilateral nasal discharge not improving with conventional medications. Rigid nasal endoscopy revealed a rhinolith-like foreign body at the floor of the left nasal cavity. Removal of the rhinolith was done under general anesthesia, and it turned out to be an intranasal tooth...

Introduction There are various genes that affect craniofacial development and among the important genes that affect jaw development is distal-less homeobox (DLX) 6 genes. The present study was carried out to determine the role of DLX6 gene variations in mandibular deficiency. Methods Thirty subjects having retrognathic mandible were evaluated by clinical examination and assessed using lateral cephalometric radiographs based on cephalometrics for orthognathic surgery (COGS) analysis of hard tissue with N-Pog parameters being less than -13 mm...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term stability of LeFort I osteotomy followed by distraction osteogenesis with a transcutaneous rigid external device for the treatment of severe maxillary hypoplasia in patients with cleft lip and palate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nine patients with cleft lip and palate underwent rigid external distraction after a LeFort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. Lateral cephalometric films were analyzed for assessment of treatment outcome and stability in 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after distraction...

OBJECTIVE: To identify the cultural beliefs about the causes of cleft among parents of patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate in a multiethnic society in Malaysia and the difficulties encountered in receiving cleft treatment. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional multicenter study based on a study questionnaire was conducted of parents of patients with cleft lip and/or palate. SETTING: Three centers providing cleft care from different regions in Malaysia: the national capital of Kuala Lumpur, east coast of peninsular Malaysia, and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo...

Cleft palate (CP) is a common birth defect with a high incidence of occurrence in humans. The 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a highly toxic halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, with a strong CP effect on mice. Increasing recent evidences have shown that long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in several diseases, including CP. However, there is a paucity of studies on the role of lncRNA MEG3 in the occurrence and development of TCDD-induced CP. In this study, the relationship between MEG3 and the proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells and the underlying molecular mechanism were studied by establishing fetal CP with TCDD (64 μg/kg) in C57BL/6 N mice...

PURPOSE: Children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) require longitudinal multidisciplinary care. Travel distance to comprehensive cleft centers may be a barrier for some families. This study evaluated the geospatial availability of certified cleft teams across the United States. METHODS: A geographic catchment area within a 1-hour travel radius of each American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-certified cleft center was mapped using TravelTime distance matrix programming...

The study objective was to construct and validate a tool to assess, measure, and evaluate the barriers and obstacles that patients with orofacial clefts (OFCs), and their families, face during treatment. The Effective Accessibility and Accommodation subscale, based on the translated Primary Care Assessment Survey and Primary Care Assessment Tool scales, was used as a reference for the questionnaire. A total of 165 parents from three main cleft referral centers in Saudi Arabia were interviewed. Questionnaire content validity was conducted by calculation of a content validity index for each item (I-CVI) as well as for the total scale (S-CVI)...

Partial trisomy 22 is a rare condition that is found in live birth. In most cases, diagnosis of partial trisomy 22 was made after birth. Herein, we report a prenatal diagnosis of fetal partial trisomy 22 in a 28-year-old pregnant woman presented with fetal cystic hygroma. Structural abnormalities were detected at 16 weeks of gestation: left cleft lip and ventricular septal defect. The G-banding karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed partial trisomy 22. It is recommended that pregnant women with fetal anomalies should have prenatal genetic diagnosis to ascertain whether the fetus has partial trisomy 22 or other rare chromosomal abnormalities...

OBJECTIVE: Cleft palate (CP) can affect breathing, leading to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Sleep position can affect SDB, but the optimum sleep position for infants with CP is unknown. We aimed to determine the design of a pragmatic study to investigate the effect of the 2 routinely advised sleep positions in infants with CP on oxygen saturations. DESIGN: A multicentered observational cohort. SETTING: Four UK-based cleft centers, 2 advising supine- and 2 side-lying sleep positions for infants with CP...

BACKGROUND: The quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate (CL/P) has been shown to be a predictor of good psychosocial functioning in this population group. This study aimed to measure QoL, from the patient´s perception of change produced by the different surgical and orthodontic treatments carried out since early childhood, and if gender and age are modulating the outcome variables results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional research study was carried out...

INTRODUCTION: The use of throat packs during oropharyngeal surgery has long been a topic of debate among cleft surgeons. The advantage of inserting an absorbent tulle within the pharynx must be weighed against the risk of unintended retention postoperatively. Despite safety check mechanisms in place, retention may occur with potentially life-threatening consequences. We present a comprehensive review of throat pack use in all cleft units within the United Kingdom and Ireland. METHODS: All 20 cleft surgery units in the United Kingdom and Ireland were surveyed on their use of throat packs in children aged 6 months to 2 years undergoing elective cleft palate surgery...