Endometrial uterine cancer

BACKGROUND: While total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy without lymph node staging are standard for low- and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer, certain histopathologic factors revealed after surgery can necessitate additional interventions. Our study assessed the influence of sentinel lymph node biopsy on postoperative decision-making. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the SENTRY trial (July 2021 - February 2023), we enrolled patients with International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IA-IB low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancer...

Molecular characterization of endometrial cancer is allowing for increased understanding of the natural history of tumors and paving a more solid pathway for novel therapies. It is becoming increasingly apparent that molecular classification is superior to histological classification in terms of reproducibility and prognostic discrimination. In particular, the Proactive Molecular Risk Classifier for Endometrial Cancer allows classification of endometrial cancer into groups very close to those determined by the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network-that is, DNA polymerase epsilon-mutated, mismatch repair-deficient, p53 abnormal, and non-specific molecular profile tumors...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Since obesity is a major risk factor for many different types of cancer, examining one of the most closely associated comorbidities, such as hypercholesterolemia, is crucial to understanding how obesity causes cancer. Hypercholesterolemia is usually associated with many cardiovascular complications such as hypertension, angina, and atherosclerosis. In addition, cholesterol may be a major factor in increasing cancer risk. Cancer patients who received statins, an anti-hypercholesteremic medicine, demonstrated improved prognosis possibly through its effect on tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress...

BACKGROUND: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers in the world. Rates of endometrial cancer are rising, in part because of rising obesity rates. Endometrial hyperplasia is a precancerous condition in women that can lead to endometrial cancer if left untreated. Endometrial hyperplasia occurs more commonly than endometrial cancer. Progesterone tablets that are currently used to treat women with endometrial hyperplasia are associated with adverse effects in up to 84% of women...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between some risk factors and endometrial pathologies determined by transvaginal sonography (TVS), as well as the diagnostic predictive values of serum oestradiol (E2) levels, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, endometrium thickness (ET), and the ratio of ET to uterine wall full thickness (UWT) in differential diagnosis of malignant, precancerous, and benign pathologies of endometrium in patients with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) or with asymptomatic increased endometrial thickness...

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease, defined by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. This disease is one of the main gynecological diseases, affecting around 10%-15% women and girls of reproductive age, being a common gynecologic disorder. Although endometriosis is a benign disease, it shares several characteristics with invasive cancer. Studies support that it has been linked with an increased chance of developing endometrial ovarian cancer, representing an earlier stage of neoplastic processes...

Background: Malignant-associated abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a rare pathology, likely to occur in 1% of scar endometriosis. The objectives of this study were to update the evidence on tumor degeneration arising from AWE to notify about the clinical characteristics, the different treatments offered to patients and their outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature was conducted. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were used. Prospero (ID number: CRD42024505274). Results: Out of the 152 studies identified, 63 were included, which involved 73 patients...

OBJECTIVES: Multiple studies have proven the prognostic value of molecular classification for stage I-III endometrial cancer patients. However, studies on the relevance of molecular classification for stage IV endometrial cancer patients are lacking. Hypothetically, poor prognostic molecular subtypes are more common in higher stages of endometrial cancer. Considering the poor prognosis of stage IV endometrial cancer patients, it is questionable whether molecular classification has additional prognostic value...

OBJECTIVES: To assess predictors of extensive lymph node dissemination and non-vaginal recurrence in patients with endometrial cancer with positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). METHODS: Patients with endometrial cancer who underwent primary surgery with SLN mapping and had at least one positive node between October 2013 and May 2019 were included. Positive SLNs were reviewed, and cases were classified according to the location of the metastasis (extracapsular vs intracapsular), and the size of the largest SLN metastasis (isolated tumor cells, micrometastasis, macrometastasis)...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of histopathological and molecular features in predicting the risk of nodal metastases in apparent early-stage endometrial cancer patients undergoing sentinel node mapping. METHODS: This is a prospective trial. Consecutive patients with apparent early-stage endometrial cancer, undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and sentinel node mapping, were enrolled. Histological and molecular features were used to predict the node positivity...

BACKGROUND: Tumor initiation and metastasis influence tumor immune exclusion and immunosuppression. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01614 is associated with the prognosis and metastasis of several cancers. However, the relationship between LINC01614 and cancer immune infiltration and the biofunction of LINC01614 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remain unclear. METHODS: The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets were used to analyze the expression difference and diagnostic value of LINC01614 in normal and tumor tissues...

Progesterone is a natural steroid hormone, while progestins are synthetic molecules. In the female reproductive system, progesterone contributes to the control of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion and their pulsatility, via its receptors on the kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin neurons in the hypothalamus. Progesterone together with estradiol controls the cyclic changes of proliferation and decidualization of the endometrium; exerts anti-mitogenic actions on endometrial epithelial cells; regulates normal menstrual bleeding; contributes to fertilization and pregnancy maintenance; participates in the onset of labor...

In the dermatological spectrum of oncologic manifestations, cutaneous metastases from endometrial carcinoma stand as a rarity, given the tumour's predilection for neighbouring uterine regions. We present an exceptional case of a patient in her mid-50s, whereby an endometrial carcinoma, defying conventional pathways, manifested on the skin and nail of her distal fourth finger, an unusual site for cutaneous metastases, with a specific histology of the primary cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate how a radical hysterectomy with sentinel node resection for cervical cancer can be performed via vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (vNOTES). DESIGN: Demonstration of the technique in 10 steps making use of narrated original video footage SETTING: The surgical treatment of cervical cancer is traditionally performed via one of the following techniques: Wertheim radical hysterectomy via laparotomy, Schauta radical hysterectomy vaginally, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy or robotic radical hysterectomy...

Kisspeptins are neuropeptides encoded by the Kiss1 gene that was discovered as a metastasis suppressor gene in melanoma and breast cancer. Kisspeptin has pivotal functions for gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and plays integrated roles in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. However, little is known about the peripheral expression of kisspeptin in ruminants, especially in the female reproductive tract. Here, the objectives of the current study were to investigate the spatial localization of kisspeptin and mRNA expression of Kiss1 and its receptor (Kiss1r) in the fallopian tubes (FT) and uterus of goats at varied reproductive activity (cyclic versus true anoestrous goats, n=6, each)...

Aberrant mRNA expression is implicated in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) oncogenesis and progression. However, effective prognostic biomarkers for UCEC remain limited. We aimed to construct a reliable multi-gene risk model using gene expression profiles. Utilizing TCGA data (543 UCEC samples, 35 controls), we identified 1517 differentially acting genes. Weighted gene co-expression complex analysis (WGCCA), hub gene screening, and risk regression analysis (RRA) were employed to determine prognosis-related genes and construct the risk model...

Incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) is rising in the developed world. The current standard of care, hysterectomy, is often infeasible for younger patients and those with high body mass index. There are limited non-surgical treatment options and a lack of biologically relevant research models to investigate novel alternatives to surgery for EC. The aim of the present study was to develop a long-term, patient-derived explant (PDE) model of early-stage EC and demonstrate its use for investigating predictive biomarkers for a current non-surgical treatment option, the levonorgestrel intra-uterine system (LNG-IUS)...

The abnormal expression of tumor associated genes in pan-cancer is closely related to the clinicopathological features of distinct cancer types. Thus, identifying the role of specific genes in pan-cancer is needed for developing effective anti-cancer strategies. However, the function of CD244 in pan-cancer has not been fully understood. In this study, we explored the CD244 expression profile across 33 tumor types based on The Cancer Genome Atlas project, the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and other bioinformatics tools...

Dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma (DEC) is an exceptionally rare subtype of endometrial cancer characterized by a high-grade component juxtaposed with a low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma. This case report presents a unique instance of dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma in a 64-year-old female patient who presented with post-menopausal bleeding and abdominal pain. Diagnostic evaluation including imaging studies and histopathological examination revealed a mixed tumor comprising both high-grade and low-grade components...

BACKGROUND: Uterine corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC) exhibit heterogeneity in their DNA repair capacity, which can impact their response to radiotherapy. Our study aimed to identify potential DNA repair-related biomarkers for predicting radiation response in UCEC. METHODS: We conducted a thorough analysis of 497 UCEC samples obtained from TCGA database. Using LASSO-COX regression analysis, we constructed a radiosensitivity signature and subsequently divided patients into the radiosensitive (RS) and the radioresistant (RR) groups based on their radiosensitivity index...