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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Y M Middleton, Vy K Nguyen, John Dou, Herong Wang, Chirag Patel, Sung Kyun Park, Justin A Colacino, Kelly M Bakulski
Environmental chemical exposures influence immune system functions, and humans are exposed to a wide range of chemicals, termed the chemical "exposome". A comprehensive, discovery analysis of the associations of multiple chemical families with immune biomarkers is needed. In this study, we tested the associations between environmental chemical concentrations and immune biomarkers. We analyzed the United States cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2018). Chemical biomarker concentrations were measured in blood or urine (196 chemicals, 17 chemical families)...
April 17, 2024: Environmental Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin E Vranic, Adam A Dmytriw, Inka K Berglar, Naif M Alotaibi, Nicole M Cancelliere, Christopher J Stapleton, James D Rabinov, Pablo Harker, Rajiv Gupta, Joshua D Bernstock, Matthew J Koch, Scott B Raymond, Justin R Mascitelli, T Tyler Patterson, Joshua Seinfeld, Andrew White, David Case, Christopher Roark, Chirag D Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Jared Cooper, Charles Matouk, Nanthiya Sujijantarat, Diego A Devia, Maria I Ocampo-Navia, Daniel E Villamizar-Torres, Juan C Puentes, Mohamed M Salem, Ammad Baig, Kareem El Namaani, Anna Luisa Kühn, Bryan Pukenas, Brian T Jankowitz, Jan Karl Burkhardt, Adnan Siddiqui, Pascal Jabbour, Jasmeet Singh, Ajit S Puri, Robert W Regenhardt, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Aman B Patel
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is necessary to minimize the risk of periprocedural thromboembolic complications associated with aneurysm embolization using pipeline embolization device (PED). We aimed to assess the impact of platelet function testing (PFT) on reducing periprocedural thromboembolic complications associated with PED flow diversion in patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel. METHODS: Patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms requiring PED flow diversion were identified from 13 centers for retrospective evaluation...
April 18, 2024: Neurosurgery
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katie Melder, Jess C Mace, Garret Choby, Joao Paulo Almeida, Pierre-Olivier Champagne, Erik Chan, Jeremy Ciporen, Mark B Chaskes, Juan Fernandez-Miranda, Nicholas K Fung, Paul Gardner, Peter Hwang, Keven Seung Yong Ji, Aristotelis Kalyvas, Keonho A Kong, Chirag Patel, Zara Patel, Maria Peris Celda, Carlos D Pinheiro-Neto, Carl Snyderman, Brian D Thorp, Jamie J Van Gompel, Georgios Zenonos, Nathan T Zwagerman, Olabisi Sanusi, Eric W Wang, Mathew Geltzeiler
BACKGROUND: With modern treatment paradigms, olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) has favorable overall survival (OS); however, the incidence of recurrence remains high. The primary aims of this study were to delineate the prognosis of recurrence of ONB and explore how recurrence subsites are associated with OS, disease-specific survival (DSS), and further recurrence. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of ONB cases from nine academic centers between 2005 and 2021 was completed...
April 3, 2024: International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
#4
Chirag J Patel, John Pa Ioannidis, Edward W Gregg, Ramachandran S Vasan, Arjun K Manrai
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: There are a number of glycemic definitions for prediabetes; however, the heterogeneity in diabetes transition rates from prediabetes across different glycemic definitions in major US cohorts has been unexplored. We hypothesize that a significant source of variation in the transition rate are cohorts themselves. We estimate the variability in risk and relative risk of diabetes based on diagnostic criteria like fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1C% (HbA1c%). METHODS: We estimated transition rate from prediabetes, as defined by fasting glucose between 100-125 and/or 110-125 mg/dL, and HbA1c% between 5...
March 18, 2024: medRxiv
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alis J Dicpinigaitis, Michael P Fortunato, Anjali Goyal, Shoaib A Syed, Rohan Patel, Galadu Subah, Jon B Rosenberg, Christian A Bowers, Stephan A Mayer, Brian Jankowitz, Chirag D Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although high-grade (Hunt and Hess 4 and 5) aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) typically portends a poor prognosis, early and aggressive treatment has previously been demonstrated to confer a significant survival advantage. This study aims to evaluate geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic determinants of high-grade aSAH treatment in the United States. METHODS: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried to identify adult high-grade aSAH hospitalizations during the period of 2015 to 2019 using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD) codes...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumin Wang, Tyler Pitre, Joshua D Wallach, Russell J de Souza, Tanvir Jassal, Dennis Bier, Chirag J Patel, Dena Zeraatkar
OBJECTIVE: To present an application of specification curve analysis-a novel analytic method that involves defining and implementing all plausible and valid analytic approaches for addressing a research question-to nutritional epidemiology. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We reviewed all observational studies addressing the effect of red meat on all-cause mortality, sourced from a published systematic review, and documented variations in analytic methods (e.g., choice of model, covariates, etc...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
#7
Nuno R G Carvalho, Yixuan He, Patrick Smadbeck, Jason Flannick, Josep M Mercader, Miriam Udler, Arjun K Manrai, Jordi Moreno, Chirag J Patel
While genetic factors, behavior, and environmental exposures form a complex web of interrelated associations in type 2 diabetes (T2D), their interaction is poorly understood. Here, using data from ∼500K participants of the UK Biobank, we identify the genetic determinants of a "polyexposure risk score" (PXS) a new risk factor that consists of an accumulation of 25 associated individual-level behaviors and environmental risk factors that predict longitudinal T2D incidence. PXS-T2D had a non-zero heritability (h 2 = 0...
January 31, 2024: medRxiv
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming Kei Chung, John S House, Farida S Akhtari, Konstantinos C Makris, Michael A Langston, Khandaker Talat Islam, Philip Holmes, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Alex I Smirnov, Xiuxia Du, Anne E Thessen, Yuxia Cui, Kai Zhang, Arjun K Manrai, Alison Motsinger-Reif, Chirag J Patel
This paper explores the exposome concept and its role in elucidating the interplay between environmental exposures and human health. We introduce two key concepts critical for exposomics research. Firstly, we discuss the joint impact of genetics and environment on phenotypes, emphasizing the variance attributable to shared and nonshared environmental factors, underscoring the complexity of quantifying the exposome's influence on health outcomes. Secondly, we introduce the importance of advanced data-driven methods in large cohort studies for exposomic measurements...
2024: Exposome
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Naudet, Chirag J Patel, Nicholas J DeVito, Gérard Le Goff, Ioana A Cristea, Alain Braillon, Sabine Hoffmann
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 9, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nidhi Patel, Sejal Pal, Ambika Arkatkar, Chirag Prajapati, Anjali Soni, Preeti Sharma
INTRODUCTION: Antihypertensive drugs that are chemically synthesized usually tend to initiate different health complications. The quest for bioactive molecules to create novel medicines has focused on Marine resources like seaweeds. These molecules can furnish a positive probability for patients to gain benefits from these natural substances. METHODS: This study aims to identify phytoconstituents present in brown seaweed-Padina boergesenii. Five different solvents were used to prepare extracts and their antioxidant activity as well as antihypertensive activity was evaluated...
January 4, 2024: Bioorganic Chemistry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake D Selingo, Jacob W Greenwood, Mary Katherine Andrews, Chirag Patel, Andrew J Neel, Barbara Pio, Michael Shevlin, Eric M Phillips, Matthew L Maddess, Andrew McNally
Methods to synthesize diverse collections of substituted piperidines are valuable due to the prevalence of this heterocycle in pharmaceutical compounds. Here, we present a general strategy to access N -(hetero)arylpiperidines using a pyridine ring-opening and ring-closing approach via Zincke imine intermediates. This process generates pyridinium salts from a wide variety of substituted pyridines and (heteroaryl)anilines; hydrogenation reactions and nucleophilic additions then access the N -(hetero)arylpiperidine derivatives...
December 28, 2023: Journal of the American Chemical Society
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dipal M Patel, Bryce M Churilla, Heather Thiessen-Philbrook, Yingying Sang, Morgan E Grams, Chirag R Parikh, Deidra C Crews
INTRODUCTION: The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) estimates a person's risk of kidney failure and has great potential utility in clinical care. METHODS: We used mixed methods to explore implementation of the KFRE in nephrology clinics. RESULTS: KFRE scores were integrated into the electronic health record at Johns Hopkins Medicine and were displayed to nephrology providers. Documentation of KFRE scores increased over time, reaching 25% of eligible outpatient nephrology clinic notes at month 11...
December 2023: KI Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yixuan He, David C Qian, James A Diao, Michael H Cho, Edwin K Silverman, Alexander Gusev, Arjun K Manrai, Alicia R Martin, Chirag J Patel
Smoking is the leading risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) worldwide, yet many people who never smoke develop COPD. We perform a longitudinal analysis of COPD in the UK Biobank to derive and validate the Socioeconomic and Environmental Risk Score which captures additive and cumulative environmental, behavioral, and socioeconomic exposure risks beyond tobacco smoking. The Socioeconomic and Environmental Risk Score is more predictive of COPD than smoking status and pack-years. Individuals in the highest decile of the risk score have a greater risk for incident COPD compared to the remaining population...
December 14, 2023: Nature Communications
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurence Michael Solberg, Laurie J Duckworth, Elizabeth M Dunn, Theresa Dickinson, Tanja Magoc, Urszula A Sniguska, Sarah E Ser, Brian Celso, Meghan Bailey, Courtney Bowen, Nila Radhakrishnan, Chirag R Patel, Robert Lucero, Ragnhildur I Bjarnadottir
BACKGROUND: Delirium, an acute confusional state highlighted by inattention, has been reported to occur in 10 to 50% of COVID-19 patients. People hospitalized with COVID-19 have been noted to present with or develop delirium and neurocognitive disorders. Caring for patients with delirium is associated with more burden for nurses, clinicians, and caregivers. Using information in Electronic Health Record (EHR) data to recognize delirium and possibly COVID-19 could lead to earlier treatment of the underlying viral infection and improve outcomes in clinical and healthcare systems cost per patient...
September 28, 2023: JMIR aging
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurence Klotz, Joseph Chin, Peter C Black, Antonio Finelli, Maurice Anidjar, Ashley Machado, Mark Levental, Sangeet Ghai, Silvia D Chang, Chirag Patel, Zahra Kassam, Andrew Loblaw, Marlene Kebabdjian, Greg Pond, Masoom A Haider
BACKGROUND: The prospective randomized PRECISE trial demonstrated that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with only targeted biopsy (TBx) was noninferior to systematic transrectal ultrasound biopsy (SBx) in the detection of International Society of Urological Pathology grade group (GG) ≥2 prostate cancer (PC). An unanswered question is the outcome for patients who avoided a biopsy because of negative MRI findings. OBJECTIVE: To explore the rate of PC diagnosis based on 2-yr MRI for PRECISE participants who had no biopsy and for patients who had a negative result or GG 1 on TBx in comparison to those with a negative result or GG 1 on SBx...
October 12, 2023: European Urology Oncology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christina K Baumgartner, Hakimeh Ebrahimi-Nik, Arvin Iracheta-Vellve, Keith M Hamel, Kira E Olander, Thomas G R Davis, Kathleen A McGuire, Geoff T Halvorsen, Omar I Avila, Chirag H Patel, Sarah Y Kim, Ashwin V Kammula, Audrey J Muscato, Kyle Halliwill, Prasanthi Geda, Kelly L Klinge, Zhaoming Xiong, Ryan Duggan, Liang Mu, Mitchell D Yeary, James C Patti, Tyler M Balon, Rebecca Mathew, Carey Backus, Domenick E Kennedy, Angeline Chen, Kenton Longenecker, Joseph T Klahn, Cara L Hrusch, Navasona Krishnan, Charles W Hutchins, Jax P Dunning, Marinka Bulic, Payal Tiwari, Kayla J Colvin, Cun Lan Chuong, Ian C Kohnle, Matthew G Rees, Andrew Boghossian, Melissa Ronan, Jennifer A Roth, Meng-Ju Wu, Juliette S M T Suermondt, Nelson H Knudsen, Collins K Cheruiyot, Debattama R Sen, Gabriel K Griffin, Todd R Golub, Nabeel El-Bardeesy, Joshua H Decker, Yi Yang, Magali Guffroy, Stacey Fossey, Patricia Trusk, Im-Meng Sun, Yue Liu, Wei Qiu, Qi Sun, Marcia N Paddock, Elliot P Farney, Mark A Matulenko, Clay Beauregard, Jennifer M Frost, Kathleen B Yates, Philip R Kym, Robert T Manguso
Immune checkpoint blockade is effective for some patients with cancer, but most are refractory to current immunotherapies and new approaches are needed to overcome resistance1,2 . The protein tyrosine phosphatases PTPN2 and PTPN1 are central regulators of inflammation, and their genetic deletion in either tumour cells or immune cells promotes anti-tumour immunity3-6 . However, phosphatases are challenging drug targets; in particular, the active site has been considered undruggable. Here we present the discovery and characterization of ABBV-CLS-484 (AC484), a first-in-class, orally bioavailable, potent PTPN2 and PTPN1 active-site inhibitor...
October 4, 2023: Nature
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chirag H Patel, Yi Dong, Navid Koleini, Xiaoxu Wang, Brittany L Dunkerly-Eyring, Jiayu Wen, Mark J Ranek, Laura M Bartle, Daniel B Henderson, Jason G Sagert, David A Kass, Jonathan D Powell
MTORC1 integrates signaling from the immune microenvironment to regulate T cell activation, differentiation, and function. TSC2 in the tuberous sclerosis complex tightly regulates mTORC1 activation. CD8+ T cells lacking TSC2 have constitutively enhanced mTORC1 activity and generate robust effector T cells; however sustained mTORC1 activation prevents generation of long-lived memory CD8+ T cells. Here we show manipulating TSC2 at Ser1365 potently regulates activated but not basal mTORC1 signaling in CD8+ T cells...
October 3, 2023: JCI Insight
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alis J Dicpinigaitis, Adeeb Chowdhury, Thomas A Gagliardi, Zeina Soliman, Noor A Mahmoud, Bridget Nolan, Kevin Clare, Joshua Z Willey, Sara K Rostanski, Chaitanya Medicherla, Neisha Patel, Gurmeen Kaur, Ji Y Chong, Christian A Bowers, Chirag D Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of chronic antiplatelet therapy (APT) usage in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Long-term APT may enhance recanalization but may also predispose patients to an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation. METHODS: Weighted hospitalizations for anterior-circulation AIS treated with EVT were identified in a large United States claims-based registry...
October 2023: Neurosurgical Focus
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Goran Rac, Hiten D Patel, Christopher James, Shalin Desai, Vincent M Caruso, Daniel S Fischer, Peter S Lentz, Ceressa T Ward, Brian C Mazzarella, Kevin G Phillips, Chirag Doshi, Vincent T Bicocca, Trevor G Levin, Alan J Wolfe, Gopal N Gupta
Intravesical therapy (IVT) is the standard of care to decrease risk of recurrence and progression for high-grade nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, post-IVT recurrence remains common and the ability to risk-stratify patients before or after IVT is limited. In this prospectively designed and accrued cohort study, we examine the utility of urinary comprehensive genomic profiling (uCGP) for predicting recurrence risk following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and evaluating longitudinal IVT response...
September 27, 2023: Molecular Oncology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caiwei Tian, Charlyne Bürki, Kenneth E Westerman, Chirag J Patel
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We sought to quantify the relationship between morning, afternoon or evening physical activity and consistency (e.g. routine) and risk of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A cohort of 93,095 UK Biobank participants (mean age 62 years) without a history of type 2 diabetes wore a wrist-worn accelerometer for 1 week. We converted accelerometer information to estimate metabolic equivalent of task (MET), summing MET h of total physical activity completed within three intra-day time segments (morning, afternoon and evening)...
December 2023: Diabetologia
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