Hyer

BACKGROUND: Excessive knee flexion during stance in children with cerebral palsy is often treated by surgical hamstrings lengthening. Pre-operative hamstrings muscle-tendon length can be estimated from kinematics and often used for decision making to rule out surgical lengthening if peak hamstrings muscle-tendon length is 'Not Short'. RESEARCH QUESTION: If peak hamstrings muscle-tendon length is within two standard deviations of typical, is that a sufficient indicator to rule out surgical hamstrings lengthening? METHODS: Three motion analysis centers retrospectively identified children with cerebral palsy, age 6-17 years, who had consecutive gait analyses with knee flexion at initial contact > 20° and popliteal angle > 35° at initial study...

BACKGROUND: With the exception of lung cancer, the health effects associated with diesel exhaust for other cancers and nonmalignant health outcomes are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: We extended the mortality follow-up of the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study, a cohort study of 12,315 workers, by 18 y (ending 31 December 2015), more than doubling the number of observed deaths to <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>4,887</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, to evaluate associations between mortality and diesel exhaust exposure...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Scholarly activity is a core requirement set by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). A previous study documented a significant 302% increase in scholarly activity at Eglin Family Medicine Residency after implementation of a standard set of interventions from 2016 to 2019. Few researchers have explained why such interventions to increase scholarly activity are effective. Prior work has suggested that many different interventions are helpful, but why? Our qualitative study took a multilevel approach to explain accompanying cultural factors and to determine how specific interventions led to the observed increases in quality and quantity of resident scholarship...

The developed article considers SIR problems for the recent COVID-19 pandemic, in which each component is divided into two subgroups: young and adults. These subgroups are distributed among two classes in each compartment, and the effect of COVID-19 is observed in each class. The fractional problem is investigated using the non-singular operator of Atangana Baleanu in the Caputo sense (ABC). The existence and uniqueness of the solution are calculated using the fundamental theorems of fixed point theory. The stability development is also determined using the Ulam-Hyers stability technique...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate foot and ankle documents using scientometric methods and provide insight into global research activities. METHODS: This scientometric study was conducted at the Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, China. Documents on foot and ankle from 1980 to 2019 were retrieved from the Scopus database. The number of documents, year of publication, journal, country, institution, author, h-index, and top-cited documents were analyzed...

Faculty of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society fellowship programs are uniquely positioned to provide advanced clinical and surgical training to fellows. One aspect of this training may include product design and mentorship through the associated intellectual property (IP) and patent timeline. This study describes the payments received and IP held among foot and ankle surgery fellowship faculty. A review of foot and ankle surgeons with royalties or license payments disclosed on the CMS Open Payments Database from 2014 to 2020 was conducted...

OBJECTIVE: Cannabis use is associated with suicide-related outcomes in both adolescents and adults and may be increasing amidst shifting cannabis policies. However, little is known about the impact of medical marijuana legalization (MML) and recreational marijuana legalization (RML) policies on youth suicide. Using 20 years of national data, we examined associations between MML, RML, and suicide-related mortality among US individuals aged 12 to 25; and assessed whether they varied based on age and sex...

Children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) often demonstrate growth differences compared with typically developing (TD) children. However, growth charts have not been developed for this population. The purpose of this study was to create AMC-specific growth charts and to compare these values to those of TD children. A retrospective review of height/length and weight for 206 children with AMC was performed. Growth charts were developed and stratified over seven percentiles; these were then compared with growth charts of TD children...

BACKGROUND: The Dynamic Collimation System (DCS) has been shown to produce superior treatment plans to uncollimated pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy using an in-house treatment planning system (TPS) designed for research. Clinical implementation of the DCS requires the development and benchmarking of a rigorous dose calculation algorithm that accounts for pencil beam trimming, performs monitor unit calculations to produce deliverable plans at all beam energies, and is ideally implemented with a commercially available TPS...

In this paper, a five-compartment model is used to explore the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic, taking the vaccination campaign into account. The present model consists of five components that lead to a system of five ordinary differential equations. In this paper, we examined the disease from the perspective of a fractal fractional derivative in the Caputo sense with a power law type kernal. The model is also fitted with real data for Pakistan between June 1, 2020, and March 8, 2021. The fundamental mathematical characteristics of the model have been investigated thoroughly...

This work is devoted for establishing adequate results for the qualitative theory as well as approximate solution of "fractal-fractional order differential equations" (F-FDEs). For the required numerical results, we use Haar wavelet collocation (H-W-C) method which has very rarely utilized for F-FDEs. We establish the general algorithm for F-FDEs to compute numerical solution for the considered class. Also, we establish a result devoted to the qualitative theory via Banach fixed point result. A results devoted to Ulam-Hyers (U-H) stability are also included...

In this study, we examine the Atangana Baleanu Caputo fractional order for the transmission dynamics of the Cotton Leaf Curl Virus disease. The model took into account both cotton plants and vector populations. The existence and uniqueness, positivity and boundedness of the solution to the model, as well as other fundamental concepts, were examined. Additionally, the Ulam-Hyres condition stability of the suggested model was demonstrated using functional techniques. Using the Adams-Bashforth method, the numerical solution for our suggested model was computed...

The intention of this work is to study a mathematical model for fractal-fractional tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection under the Atangana-Baleanu fractal-fractional operator. Firstly, we formulate the tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection model by considering the tuberculosis recovery individuals, the COVID-19 recovery individuals, and both disease recovery compartment in the proposed model. The fixed point approach is utilized to explore the existence and uniqueness of the solution in the suggested model...

Proton therapy conformity has improved over the years by evolving from passive scattering to spot scanning delivery technologies with smaller proton beam spot sizes. Ancillary collimation devices, such the Dynamic Collimation System (DCS), further improves high dose conformity by sharpening the lateral penumbra. However, as spot sizes are reduced, collimator positional errors play a significant impact on the dose distributions and hence accurate collimator to radiation field alignment is critical. &#xD;Approach...

This study formulates a Monkeypox model with protected travelers. The fixed point theorem is used to obtain the existence and uniqueness of the solution with Ulam-Hyers stability for the analysis of the solution to the model. The Newton polynomial interpolation scheme is employed to solve an approximate solution of the fractional Monkeypox model. The numerical simulations and the graphical representations suggest that the fractional order affects the dynamics of the Monkeypox. The fractional order shows other underlining transmission trends of the Monkeypox disease...

Image guidance for radiation therapy (RT) has evolved over the last few decades and now is routinely performed using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Conventional linear accelerators (LINACs) that use CBCT have limited soft tissue contrast, are not able to image the patient's internal anatomy during treatment delivery, and most are not capable of online adaptive replanning. RT delivery systems that use MRI have become available within the last several years and address many of the imaging limitations of conventional LINACs...

An expanding field of study that offers fresh and intriguing approaches to both mathematicians and biologists is the symbolic representation of mathematics. In relation to COVID-19, such a method might provide information to humanity for halting the spread of this epidemic, which has severely impacted people's quality of life. In this study, we examine a crucial COVID-19 model under a globalized piecewise fractional derivative in the context of Caputo and Atangana Baleanu fractional operators. The said model has been constructed in the format of two fractional operators, having a non-linear time-varying spreading rate, and composed of ten compartmental individuals: Susceptible, Infectious, Diagnosed, Ailing, Recognized, Infectious Real, Threatened, Recovered Diagnosed, Healed and Extinct populations...

PURPOSE: This study assesses the impact of intra-fraction motion and PTV margin size on target coverage for patients undergoing radiation treatment of pelvic oligometastases. Dosimetric sparing of the bowel as a function of the PTV margin is also evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients with pelvic oligometastases previously treated on our MR-linac (35 Gy in 5 fractions) were included in this study. Retrospective adaptive plans were created for each fraction on the daily MRI datasets using PTV margins of 5 mm, 3 mm, and 2 mm...

Gliomas synaptically integrate into neural circuits1,2 . Previous research has demonstrated bidirectional interactions between neurons and glioma cells, with neuronal activity driving glioma growth1-4 and gliomas increasing neuronal excitability2,5-8 . Here we sought to determine how glioma-induced neuronal changes influence neural circuits underlying cognition and whether these interactions influence patient survival. Using intracranial brain recordings during lexical retrieval language tasks in awake humans together with site-specific tumour tissue biopsies and cell biology experiments, we find that gliomas remodel functional neural circuitry such that task-relevant neural responses activate tumour-infiltrated cortex well beyond the cortical regions that are normally recruited in the healthy brain...

Transitions from the liquid to the solid state of matter are omnipresent. They form a crucial step in the industrial solidification of metallic alloy melts and are greatly influenced by the thermophysical properties of the melt. Knowledge of the thermophysical properties of liquid metallic alloys is necessary in order to gain a tight control over the solidification pathway, and over the obtained material structure of the solid. Measurements of thermophysical properties on ground are often difficult, or even impossible, since liquids are strongly influenced by earth's gravity...