Community paediatrics

BACKGROUND: Little is known about patients' or carers' reported experiences of dental care provided using dental behaviour support (DBS) techniques. Qualitative literature can provide unique insight into these experiences. AIM: To explore and synthesize qualitative literature related to patient experience of dental behaviour support. METHODS: A PROSPERO-registered systematic review of qualitative articles was undertaken. Studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO...

BACKGROUND: International data suggest that parents may have reservations about the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF). AIM: The aims of this study were to: (1) examine the acceptance of parents/carers towards the use of SDF for the management of caries in children's primary teeth in secondary care dental settings in the UK and the United States and (2) determine which factors may affect the acceptance of the use of SDF. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire of SDF acceptability, completed by parents of young children...

BACKGROUND: Access to appropriate healthcare is essential for children's healthy development. This is lacking in rural and remote areas, impacting health outcomes. Despite efforts to improve access for these communities, to date, no review has systematically mapped the literature on allied health models of care for children with developmental needs. This scoping review seeks to address this knowledge gap. METHODS: Adhering to the PRISMA-ScR and Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, a systematic search was conducted...

Community dental services (CDS) provide dental treatment for patients who cannot gain access or have treatment with their general dental practitioner. This includes groups of patients who are dentally phobic, medically compromised, or with physical or learning disabilities.This paper provides insight into the experience and the challenges of working in CDS as a dental core trainee (DCT). The post involves an equal split in the management of paediatric and special care dental patients.Patients seen in CDS can be split into cohorts such as paediatric, special care adults, dental anxious and others...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the prevalence, presentation and referral patterns of children with acute illness attending primary health centres (PHCs) in a low-resource setting. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a secondary analysis of ASPIRE. Children presenting at eight PHCs in urban Blantyre district in southern Malawi with both recorded clinician and mHealth (non-clinician) triage data were included, and patient records from different data collection points along the patient healthcare seeking pathway were consolidated and analysed...

Holding and restraining children during non-urgent clinical procedures continues to be surrounded by uncertainty and mired in controversy. This review aimed to locate, appraise and map the evidence related to health professionals reported and observed practice of holding and restraining children, from birth to 16 years, for clinical procedures. This scoping review, conducted in April 2022, was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol. Screening and full text review resulted in the inclusion of 30 papers...

INTRODUCTION: Prematurity presents a significant challenge to the global community due to the rapid increase in its incidence and its disproportionate contribution to increased infant mortality rates. OBJECTIVE: To assess the survival status and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates. DESIGN: A multicentre prospective follow-up study was used. SETTING: 625 preterm neonates were admitted to hospitals for secondary level of care...

BACKGROUND: Insufficient physical activity is a growing public health concern and is closely linked to obesity in both adults and children. Swedish physical activity on prescription (PAP) is effective in increasing physical activity levels in adults, but knowledge about how PAP is used in paediatric healthcare is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to explore experiences of working with PAP for children with obesity amongst paediatric staff and managers. METHODS: Seven focus group discussions with 26 participants from paediatric outpatient clinics in western Sweden were conducted...

This article provides knowledge translation on up-to-date parenting strategies (pearls of wisdom). These pearls support the development of specific skills in children from birth through 5 years of age. Paediatricians have indicated that they feel inadequately trained in providing parenting guidance. This article could be used by family physicians, community health nurses, nurse practitioners, and paediatricians as an office reference when providing anticipatory parenting guidance and when there are parent or clinician concerns that relate to various developmental stages...

OBJECTIVE: Even though several German children's hospitals offer integrative, anthroposophic medical therapies in addition to the standard medical care, guidelines for these anthroposophic therapies are still rare. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of implementing a published, consensus-based guideline for the treatment of children with acute gastroenteritis (aGE) with anthroposophic therapies in the community hospital Herdecke. DESIGN: A prospective case series of paediatric patients (≤18 years) with an aGE admitted to the department of integrative paediatrics of the community hospital Herdecke was conducted...

Early recognition of bloodstream infection (BSI) in infants can be difficult, as symptoms may be non-specific, and culture can take up to 48 h. As a result, many infants receive unneeded antibiotic treatment while awaiting the culture results. In this study, we aimed to develop a model that can reliably identify infants who do not have positive blood cultures (and, by extension, BSI) based on the full blood count (FBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values. Several models (i.e. multivariable logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, K nearest neighbors, support vector machine, random forest model and decision tree) were trained using FBC and CRP values of 2693 infants aged 7 to 60 days with suspected BSI between 2005 and 2022 in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Dublin, Ireland...

Whānau Pakari is a family-centred healthy lifestyle programme for children/adolescents with overweight/obesity in New Zealand. This secondary analysis from our randomised trial within the clinical service assessed 5-year BMI changes in accompanying caregivers (n = 23), mostly mothers. Overall, baseline and 5-year caregivers' BMI were similar (32.50 vs 31.42 kg/m2 , respectively; p = 0.31) but two-thirds (65%) experienced BMI reductions. Five-year BMI change was similar in High-intensity and Low-intensity randomisation groups [-1...

OBJECTIVE: To identify determinants of the utilisation of ophthalmic clinical health services among students who failed school vision screening. METHODS: This study employed a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, underpinned by Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health Service Utilisation. Data were initially gathered through interviews with 27 stakeholders-comprising 5 ophthalmologists, 7 community doctors, 7 public health professionals and 8 teachers. The qualitative insights informed the construction of a questionnaire, which subsequently garnered responses from 6215 participants...

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal mortality is a global public health challenge. Guatemala has the fifth highest neonatal mortality rate in Latin America, and Indigenous communities are particularly impacted. This study aims to understand factors driving neonatal mortality rates among Maya Kaqchikel communities. METHODS: We used sequential explanatory mixed methods. The quantitative phase was a secondary analysis of 2014-2016 data from the Global Maternal and Newborn Health Registry from Chimaltenango, Guatemala...

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, with presentations to emergency departments (EDs) increasing across Australia. Understanding the features of those presenting with anaphylaxis and aspects related to its optimal clinical management across the admission, treatment and discharge settings is needed to minimise its impact. We aimed to evaluate the nature and management of presentations related to anaphylaxis across two Australian EDs. METHODS: Retrospective audit of paediatric and adult patients presenting to a community or tertiary level ED with anaphylaxis from 1 May 2018 to 30 April 2019...

BACKGROUND: The study of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes is of increasing focus in cardiovascular research. Despite the critical importance of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes in promoting optimal cardiac health, there have been very few psychological interventions directed towards children with heart disease. This paper describes the development and theoretical framework of the WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program, a group-based psychoeducation and coping skills training intervention designed to improve psychological well-being and resilience in adolescents with paediatric heart disease...

INTRODUCTION: Parents' and caregivers' non-evidence-based childhood fever management 'fever phobic' practices have remained relatively stable over more than 34 years despite successful educational interventions. This systematic review aimed to assess the information seeking behavior of caregivers managing fever in their children, as well as to compile the fever management practices undertaken by caregivers by investigating underlying factors influencing them. METHODS: The electronic databases Pubmed, CINAHL, Medline, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched using key terms including, fever, child, caregiver, and management...

PURPOSE: While the impact of paediatric cochlear implantation on parents and siblings are recognised, limited evidence exists regarding the effect of paediatric cochlear implantation on the entire family life (e.g., routine interactions, family activities). This study aimed to describe the impact of paediatric cochlear implantation on family life as perceived by parents, using concept mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Parents of paediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients ( n  = 29) participated in this concept mapping study to generate, group, and rate statements regarding the impact of paediatric cochlear implantation on family life...

OBJECTIVES: To identify the predictors of late initiation of breastfeeding practice in Ethiopia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study design. SETTING: Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1982 weighted samples of mothers with children aged under 24 months were included. OUTCOME MEASURE: Late initiation of breastfeeding practice. RESULTS: The prevalence of late breastfeeding initiation practice is 26...

BACKGROUND: Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are rare, mostly genetic diseases that affect the innate immune system and are associated with inflammatory symptoms. Both paediatric and adult patients face daily challenges related to their disease, diagnosis and subsequent treatment. For this reason, a survey was developed in collaboration between the FMF & AID Global Association and the Erlangen Center for Periodic Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. METHODS: The aim of the survey was to collect the personal assessment of affected patients with regard to their current status in terms of diagnostic timeframes, the interpretation of genetic tests, the number of misdiagnoses, and pain and fatigue despite treatment...