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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Bahattab, Ali Assiri, Yazeid Alhaidan, Thadeo Trivilegio, Rehab AlRoshody, Sarah Huwaizi, Bader Almuzzaini, Abir Alamro, Manal Abudawood, Zeyad Alehaideb, Sabine Matou-Nasri
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells and impaired maturation, leading to immature cell accumulation in the bone marrow and bloodstream, resulting in hematopoietic dysfunction. Chemoresistance, hyperactivity of survival pathways, and miRNA alteration are major factors contributing to treatment failure and poor outcomes in AML patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the pharmacological p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 on the chemoresistance potential of AML stem cell line KG1a to the therapeutic drug daunorubicin (DNR)...
June 2024: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal: SPJ: the Official Publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society
#42
Kazuhiro Ishikawa, Nobuyoshi Mori
Given the high mortality rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, vaccination is recommended. These recipients respond to most vaccines; however, their immune response is typically weaker during the first months or years after transplantation, compared with that of healthy individuals. Here, we report a case of IPD with serotype 3 pneumonia and empyema in an HSCT recipient who had received three doses of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and one dose of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; furthermore, the recipient had no relapse, graft-versus-host disease, or use of immunosuppressive agents after allogeneic HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia...
2024: IDCases
#43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ann-Kristin Schmälter, Maud Ngoya, Jacques-Emmanuel Galimard, Ali Bazarbachi, Jürgen Finke, Nicolaus Kröger, Martin Bornhäuser, Matthias Stelljes, Friedrich Stölzel, Johanna Tischer, Thomas Schroeder, Peter Dreger, Igor-Wolfgang Blau, Bipin Savani, Sebastian Giebel, Jordi Esteve, Arnon Nagler, Christoph Schmid, Fabio Ciceri, Mohamad Mohty
Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT2) is among the most effective treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse after first alloSCT (alloSCT1). Long-term EBMT registry data were used to provide large scale, up-to-date outcome results and to identify factors for improved outcome. Among 1540 recipients of alloSCT2, increasing age, better disease control and performance status before alloSCT2, more use of alternative donors and higher conditioning intensity represented important trends over time...
May 2, 2024: Blood Cancer Journal
#44
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tareq Abuasab, Shehab Mohamed, Naveen Pemmaraju, Tapan M Kadia, Naval Daver, Courtney D DiNardo, Farhad Ravandi, Wei Qiao, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Gautam Borthakur
The presence of BRAF mutation in hematological malignancies, excluding Hairy cell leukemia, and its significance as a driver mutation in myeloid neoplasms (MNs) remains largely understudied. This research aims to evaluate patient characteristics and outcomes of BRAF -mutated MNs. Among a cohort of 6667 patients, 48 (0.7%) had BRAF -mutated MNs. Notably, three patients exhibited sole BRAF mutation, providing evidence supporting the hypothesis of BRAF 's role as a driver mutation in MNs. In acute myeloid leukemia, the majority of patients had secondary acute myeloid leukemia, accompanied by poor-risk cytogenic and RAS pathway mutations...
May 2, 2024: Leukemia & Lymphoma
#45
REVIEW
Melisa Tecik, Aysun Adan
The internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation of the FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is the most common mutation observed in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It represents poor prognosis due to continuous activation of downstream growth-promoting signaling pathways such as STAT5 and PI3K/AKT. Hence, FLT3 is considered an attractive druggable target; selective small FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3Is), such as midostaurin and quizartinib, have been clinically approved. However, patients possess generally poor remission rates and acquired resistance when FLT3I used alone...
May 2, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kim Yeoh, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Frédéric Lamoth, Monica A Slavin, Eloise Williams, Dionysios Neofytos
This case involves a 53-year-old female with concurrent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma. She underwent cytarabine and daunorubicin (7+3) induction chemotherapy followed by cytarabine (HiDAC) consolidation, with an early AML relapse requiring azacitidine and venetoclax therapy. She achieved complete remission and incomplete count recovery. Following fludarabine, melphalan, and thymoglobulin induction chemotherapy, she underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant with failure to engraft, requiring autologous stem cell rescue, buffy coat, and granulocyte transfusions, eventually presenting with a diffuse skin rash consistent with Steven-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, persistent neutropenic fevers and positive blood cultures...
May 2, 2024: Transplant Infectious Disease: An Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
#47
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Dong Xie, Lirong Sun, Xingqing Guo, Jian Jiang, Yan Sun, Jiandong Sun
OBJECTIVES: The eradication of leukemia cells while sparing hematopoietic stem cells in the graft before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant is critical to prevention of leukemia relapse. Proliferating cells have been shown to be more prone to apoptosis than differentiated cells in response to ultraviolet radiation; however, whether leukemia cells are more sensitive to ultraviolet LED radiation than hematopoietic stem cells remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the in vitro responses between murine leukemia L1210 cells and murine hematopoietic stem cells to 280-nm ultraviolet LED radiation...
March 2024: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hang Su, April Mueller, Harris Goldstein
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Successful sustained remission of HIV infection has been achieved after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of leukemia in a small cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH). This breakthrough demonstrated that the goal of curing HIV was achievable. However, the high morbidity and mortality associated with bone marrow transplantation limits the routine application of this approach and provides a strong rationale for pursuing alternative strategies for sustained long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free HIV remission...
May 2, 2024: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alex Bataller, Hagop Kantarjian, Alexandre Bazinet, Tapan Kadia, Naval Daver, Courtney D DiNardo, Gautam Borthakur, Sanam Loghavi, Keyur Patel, Guilin Tang, Koji Sasaki, Nicholas J Short, Musa Yilmaz, Ghayas C Issa, Yesid Alvarado, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Abhishek Maiti, Hussein A Abbas, Koichi Takahashi, Sherry Pierce, Elias Jabbour, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Farhad Ravandi
Patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (rAML) experience dismal outcomes. We performed a comprehensive analysis of patients with rAML to determine the genetic dynamics and survival predictive factors. We analyzed 875 patients with newly diagnosed AML who received intensive treatment (IT) or low-intensity treatment (LIT). Of these patients, 197 experienced subsequent rAML. Data was available for 164 patients, with a median time from CR/CRi to relapse of 6.5 months. Thirty-five of the 164 patients (21%) experienced relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT)...
May 2, 2024: Haematologica
#50
REVIEW
Beatriz Guijarro-Albaladejo, Cristina Marrero-Cepeda, Eduardo Rodríguez-Arbolí, Belén Sierro-Martínez, José Antonio Pérez-Simón, Estefanía García-Guerrero
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with a poor prognosis despite the advent of novel therapies. Consequently, a major need exists for new therapeutic options, particularly for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML. In recent years, it has been possible to individualize the treatment of a subgroup of patients, particularly with the emergence of multiple targeted therapies. Nonetheless, a considerable number of patients remain without therapeutic options, and overall prognosis remains poor because of a high rate of disease relapse...
2024: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
#51
REVIEW
Yuta Kaito, Yoichi Imai
In hematologic oncology, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presents a significant challenge due to its complex genetic landscape and resistance to conventional therapies. Despite advances in treatment, including intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the prognosis for many patients with AML remains poor. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to improve outcomes by augmenting existing treatments. Natural killer (NK) cells, a subset of innate lymphoid cells, have garnered attention for their potent cytotoxic capabilities against AML cells...
May 1, 2024: International Journal of Hematology
#52
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng-Jin Ai, Ling-Juan Chen, Li-Xuan Guo, Ya-Ping Wang, Zi-Yi Zhao
BACKGROUND: Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are found to be one of the main factors contributing to poor therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as they are protected by the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) against conventional therapies. Gossypol acetic acid (GAA), which is extracted from the seeds of cotton plants, exerts anti-tumor roles in several types of cancer and has been reported to induce apoptosis of LSCs by inhibiting Bcl2. AIM: To investigate the exact roles of GAA in regulating LSCs under different microenvironments and the exact mechanism...
April 26, 2024: World Journal of Stem Cells
#53
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Diaz, Mahtab Forouzandeh, Tyler Werbel, Kiran Motaparthi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2024: JAAD Case Reports
#54
REVIEW
Ilaria Iacobucci
In Blood Cancer Discovery, Saygin and colleagues report that somatic variants that are recurrent in myeloid malignancies can also occur with high frequency (16%) in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) where they correlate with older age, diagnosis following genotoxic therapy for a prior malignancy and worse outcome to chemotherapy. Mutations in these "myeloid" genes can precede ALL diagnosis and arise in hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells that clonally expand and differentiate into both lymphoblasts and nonmalignant myeloid cells, supporting a role for clonal hematopoiesis as premalignant state outside the context of myeloid malignancies and providing implications for both ALL etiology and therapeutic intervention...
May 1, 2024: Blood cancer discovery
#55
MULTICENTER STUDY
Weihao Chen, Jingtao Huang, Yeqian Zhao, Luo Huang, Zhiyang Yuan, Miner Gu, Xiaojun Xu, Jimin Shi, Yi Luo, Jian Yu, Xiaoyu Lai, Lizhen Liu, Huarui Fu, Chenhui Bao, Xin Huang, Zhongzheng Zheng, He Huang, Xiaoxia Hu, Yanmin Zhao
BACKGROUND: Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is widely applied to monitor measurable residual disease (MRD). However, there are limited studies on the feasibility of ddPCR-MRD monitoring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), especially targeting multiple molecular markers simultaneously. METHODS: Our study collected samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in complete remission after allo-HSCT between January 2018 and August 2021 to evaluate whether posttransplant ddPCR-MRD monitoring can identify patients at high risk of relapse...
April 30, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Cesana, Maria Pia Cicalese, Andrea Calabria, Pietro Merli, Roberta Caruso, Monica Volpin, Laura Rudilosso, Maddalena Migliavacca, Federica Barzaghi, Claudia Fossati, Francesco Gazzo, Simone Pizzi, Andrea Ciolfi, Alessandro Bruselles, Francesca Tucci, Giulio Spinozzi, Giulia Pais, Fabrizio Benedicenti, Matteo Barcella, Ivan Merelli, Pierangela Gallina, Stefania Giannelli, Francesca Dionisio, Serena Scala, Miriam Casiraghi, Luisa Strocchio, Luciana Vinti, Lucia Pacillo, Eleonora Draghi, Marcella Cesana, Sara Riccardo, Chiara Colantuono, Emmanuelle Six, Marina Cavazzana, Filippo Carlucci, Manfred Schmidt, Caterina Cancrini, Fabio Ciceri, Luca Vago, Davide Cacchiarelli, Bernhard Gentner, Luigi Naldini, Marco Tartaglia, Eugenio Montini, Franco Locatelli, Alessandro Aiuti
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT) using a γ-retroviral vector (γ-RV) is an effective treatment for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency due to Adenosine Deaminase deficiency. Here, we describe a case of GT-related T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that developed 4.7 years after treatment. The patient underwent chemotherapy and haploidentical transplantation and is currently in remission. Blast cells contain a single vector insertion activating the LIM-only protein 2 (LMO2) proto-oncogene, confirmed by physical interaction, and low Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) activity resulting from methylation of viral promoter...
April 30, 2024: Nature Communications
#57
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marta Fonseca-Santos, Rebeca Bailen, Oriana Lopez-Godino, Beatriz Herruzo-Delgado, Maria Aranzazu Bermudez, Irene García-Cadenas, María Huguet-Mas, Christelle Ferra-Coll, Albert Esquirol, María Cortés-Rodriguez, Lucrecia Yañez-Sansegundo, Maria Jesus Pascual-Cascon, Inmaculada Heras, Mi Kwon, Lucía Lopez-Corral
BACKGROUND: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a cause of late morbidity and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Although studies evaluating haploidentical allo-HSCT (haplo-HSCT) using posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) demonstrate lower cGVHD rates, comprehensive data describing the clinical profile, risk factors, or outcomes of cGVHD within this platform are scarce. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective multicenter analysis of 389 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-HSCT PTCy in 7 transplant centers of the Spanish Group Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular (GETH-TC) between 2008 and 2020 describing incidence, clinical profile, risk factors, and cGVHD outcomes...
April 30, 2024: Transplantation
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hussein Awada, Carmelo Gurnari, Valeria Visconte, Arda Durmaz, Teodora Kuzmanovic, Hassan Awada, Zheng Jin Tu, James R Cook, Brian J Bolwell, Ronald Sobecks, Matt Kalaycio, David Bosler, Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (tMN) are complications of cytotoxic therapies. Risk of tMN is high in recipients of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Acquisition of genomic mutations represents a key pathogenic driver but the origins, timing and dynamics, particularly in the context of preexisting or emergent clonal hematopoiesis (CH), have not been sufficiently clarified. We studied a cohort of 1507 patients undergoing aHSCT and a cohort of 263 patients who developed tMN without aHSCT to determine clinico-molecular features unique to post-aHSCT tMN...
April 29, 2024: Leukemia
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suellen L R Silva, Ingrid R S B Dias, Ana Carolina B da C Rodrigues, Rafaela G A Costa, Maiara de S Oliveira, Gabriela A da C Barbosa, Milena B P Soares, Rosane B Dias, Ludmila F Valverde, Clarissa A G Rocha, Nainita Roy, Christopher Y Park, Daniel P Bezerra
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal malignancy of the blood and bone marrow. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are a rare subset of leukemic cells that promote the development and progression of AML, and eradication of LSCs is critical for effective control of this disease. Emetine is an FDA-approved antiparasitic drug with antitumor properties; however, little is known about its potential against LSCs. Herein, we explored the antileukemic potential of emetine, focusing on its effects on AML stem/progenitor cells...
April 29, 2024: Cell Death Discovery
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideki Nakasone
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is considered a curative treatment for hematological malignancies. However, HCT recipients often face complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and disease relapse. Clinical factors like age and HLA disparity are recognized as risks for GVHD. Notably, sex-mismatched HCT, particularly with female donors and male recipients (F→M), is reported to increase the risk of chronic GVHD. This adverse effect of F→M HCT is thought to result from allogeneic immune response against minor histocompatibility antigens encoded on the Y-chromosome of a male recipient (HY-antigens)...
2024: [Rinshō Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
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