Pickering emulsion

Tumor hypoxia-associated drug resistance presents a major challenge for cancer chemotherapy. However, sustained delivery systems with a high loading capability of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitors are still limited. Here, we developed an ultrastable iodinated oil-based Pickering emulsion (PE) to achieve locally sustained codelivery of a HIF-1 inhibitor of acriflavine and an anticancer drug of doxorubicin for tumor synergistic chemotherapy. The PE exhibited facile injectability for intratumoral administration, great radiopacity for in vivo examination, excellent physical stability (>1 mo), and long-term sustained release capability of both hydrophilic drugs (i...

Micropatterning of biological surfaces performed via assembly of nano-blocks is an efficient design method for functional materials with complex organic-inorganic architecture. Halloysite clay nanotubes with high aspect ratios and empty lumens have attracted widespread interest for aligned biocompatible composite production. Here, we give our vision of advances in interfacial self-assembly techniques for these natural nanotubes. Highly ordered micropatterns of halloysite, such as coffee rings, regular strips, and concentric circles, can be obtained through high-temperature evaporation-induced self-assembly in a confined space and shear-force brush-induced orientation...

The separation sheets for fruit leather are traditionally made of plastic film or wax paper, which not only leads to environmental issues but also is inconvenience to consumers. This study evaluated edible fruit leather separation sheets using food polymers, including hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and incorporation of cranberry pomace water extract (CPE) for providing natural fruit pigment, flavor, and phenolics. HPMCCPE film was then further improved by incorporating hydrophobic compound (oleic acid, OA) and vitamin E (VE) via cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) Pickering emulsion (CNCP) for enhancing film hydrophobicity and nutritional benefit, respectively...

The formation of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized by lamellar zeolite MWW (International Zeolite Association, three-letters code) emulsifier without surface grafting is investigated. The crucial emulsification factors are the oligolayer morphology and amphiphilicity developed upon acidic treatment (NH4 + exchange/calcination, HNO3 treatment). In contrast with the readily available/abundant hydrophilic ≡Si-OH group in layer MWW , the lipophilicity generated by strong acid sites is another key to the success of emulsification...

In recent years, functional foods with lipophilic nutraceutical ingredients are gaining more and more attention because of its potential healthy and commercial value, and developing of various bioderived food-grade particles for use in fabrication of Pickering emulsion has attracted great attentions. Herein, the bio-originated sodium caseinate-lysozyme (Cas-Lyz) complex particles were firstly designed to be used as a novel interfacial emulsifier for Pickering emulsions. Pickering emulsions of various food oils were all successfully stabilized by the Cas-Lyz particles without addition of any synthetic surfactants, while the fluorescence microscopy and SEM characterizations clearly evidenced Cas-Lyz particles were attached on the surface of emulsion droplets...

Apple pomace powder is a sustainable food ingredient, but its more complex composition compared to commonly purified ingredients could curb its valorization. This study assesses how physicochemical properties, formulation and process factors influence the physical properties of the emulsion. The two main objectives were to: 1) unravel the structuring and stabilizing mechanisms of such complex systems and 2) account for interactions between various parameters instead of studying them separately. Thirty-one experimental samples were formulated to produce a variety of microstructures with droplet diameters ranging from 28 to 105 µm, textures with viscosity ranging from 135 to 2,490 mPa...

The acid-hydrolyzed acorn starch samples (HAS-1, HAS-2, HAS-3, and HAS-4) were prepared from natural acorn starch (NAS) at sulfuric acid concentrations of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol/L for 2 d. The particle characteristics and structures of HAS were investigated, and Pickering high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) based on HAS were constructed and characterized. The results showed that with an increase in sulfuric acid concentration, the size, yield, amylose content, molecular weight, and amylopectin chain length of HAS gradually decreased...

In this study, a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) induced depletion attraction was developed to stabilize high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) as age-friendly 3D printing inks. The results demonstrated that depletion force induced the adsorption of yolk particles at the droplet interface and the formation of osmotic droplet clusters, thereby increasing the stability of HIPPEs. In addition, the rheological properties and nutrient delivery properties of HIPPEs could be adjusted by the mass ratio of yolk/CMC...

In this study, edible Pickering emulsions stabilized with GMP particles were prepared for the first time using low-value grass carp myofibrillar protein (GMP). To elucidate the emulsion formation mechanism, the grass carp myofibrillar protein particles were first characterized, and the results showed that the lyophilized GMP particles had an irregular polyhedral structure and were amphiphilic nanoparticles. The stability of GMP-based emulsions tended to stabilize with the increase of GMP concentration at an appropriate oil-to-water volume ratio, with a decrease in droplet particle size and an increase in water-holding capacity, storage stability, and rheological stability, whereas the phenomenon of droplet aggregation after storage appeared at 4...

This study explores effective strategies for bolstering emulsion oxidative stability via optimized interfacial distribution of varying hydrophobicity antioxidants (gallic acid, propyl gallate, octyl gallate) in zein nanoparticle (ZP) stabilized Pickering emulsions. Experimental and simulation methods revealed that antioxidant (AO) with higher hydrophobicity or loaded into ZP demonstrated stronger hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions with ZP. This increased interfacial loading of antioxidants resulted in improved oxidative stability in Pickering emulsions...

A map of stability for various water/oil/pea protein compositions has been plotted from the numerous reported results. Two clear regions of stability were identified. High internal oil phase emulsions with 70-80%, v/v oil content stabilized by total pea protein concentration <2.5%, w/v showed stability. Low oil content of 10-30%, v/v for a range of total pea protein concentrations >0.5%, w/v have also been identified as stable. Intermediate oil content and pea protein concentrations >4% w/v are unexplored regions and are likely to be areas of fruitful future research...

Almost 60% of oil and 40% of gas reserves worldwide are contained in carbonate reservoirs where acidizing stimulation is more challenging compared to sandstone reservoirs. Utilization of emulsified acids in matrix acidizing operations has been the most effective technique for more than half a century. This is due to the colloidal system's ability to generate deep, narrow conduits toward production zones under controlled retarded reactivity with the rock surface, along with the excellent sweep efficiency and corrosion inhibition of the well equipment...

The pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) produced during pulp dissolution and biomass refining is mainly composed of hemicellulose and lignin, and it is a potential source for production of value-added materials and platform chemicals; however, their utilization has been a serious challenge. In this study, we proposed a green and simple strategy to simultaneously prepare size-controlled functional lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and levulinic acid (LA) from PHL as the raw material. The as-prepared LNPs exhibited remarkable stability thanks to the presence of saccharides with abundant oxygen-containing groups and surface charges, which prevented aggregation and maintained long-term storage stability...

Anthocyanins, one of the important water-soluble pigments, are sensitive to environmental factors, which limits the application of anthocyanins in food field. In order to overcome this limitation, double Pickering emulsions stabilized by β-cyclodextrin were developed. The optimum preparation conditions of the emulsions were determined firstly and the performance and structure of emulsions were investigated. Results showed that the optimum preparation conditions of emulsions were the ratio of (W1 /O): W2  = 6:4 and 4 % β-cyclodextrin concentration...

In this work, soybean lecithin (LC) was used to modify β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by esterifying with hydrophobic fat chains to become amphiphilic (LC-CD), and vitamin E (VE) was encapsulated in former modified β-CD complexes (LC-CD-VE), the new Pickering emulsions stabilized by LC-CD-VE and LC-CD complexes for the delivery of β-carotene (BC) were created. The surface tension, contact angle, zeta potential, and particle size were used to assess the changes in complexes nanoparticles at various pH values...

This study examines the effectiveness of W/O microemulsion-mediated Sm2 S3 nanospheres in pickering emulsion-based crystal violet (CV) dye degradation and PANI@Sm2 S3 nanocomposite synthesis. The evaluation of nanospheres inside the core of reverse micelles was performed through DLS, TEM and FESEM analyses. The formation of nanospheres involve two phases: a nucleation phase (5-30 min) and growth phase (30-120 min). Through in situ hydrophobization of negatively charged (with a zeta value of -4.47 mV at neutral pH) Sm2 S3 nanoparticles (0...

Microalgae are highly regarded as ideal materials for the creation of liquid biofuels and have substantial potential for growth and utilization. However, traditional storage and culture methods for microalgae are plagued by challenges such as uncontrolled growth, bacterial contamination, and self-shading among algae. These issues severely impede the photosynthetic process and the efficient extraction of biomass energy. This study tackles these problems by utilizing magnetic hydrophobic protein particles to stabilize water-in-oil Pickering emulsions...

As a lipophilic flavonol, quercetin has low bioavailability, which limits its application in foods. This work aimed to prepare a hordein-based system to deliver quercetin. We constructed hordein-whey isolate protein fibril (WPIF) complexes (H-Ws) by anti-solvent precipitation method at pH 2.5. The TEM results of the complexes showed that spherical-like hordein particles were wrapped in WPIF clusters to form an interconnected network structure. FTIR spectra revealed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions were the main driving forces for the complex formation...

The primary significance of this work is that the commercial yeast proteins particles were successfully used to characterize the high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs). The different sonication time (0,3,7,11,15 min) was used to modulate the structure and interface characteristics of yeast proteins (YPs) that as Pickering particles. Immediately afterward, the influence of YPs particles prepared at different sonication time on the rheological behavior and coalescence mechanism of HIPPEs was investigated...

The porous materials (PM) were prepared by the Pickering high internal phase emulsion (PHIPE) template. Firstly, the nanoparticles named as ZHMNPs or MZHMNPs were fabricated based on zein, Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides and Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh polyphenols without or with Maillard reaction, the average particle sizes and zeta potentials of which were distributed in a range of 718.1-979.4 nm and -21.6-25.2 mV. ZHMNPs possessed the relatively uniform spherical morphology, while MZHMNPs were irregular in shape...