Shock

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) can result from renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and often occurs during surgical procedures in cardiac, liver, kidney transplantation and trauma-hemorrhage. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) functions as a bridging molecule to promote the removal of dying cells by professional phagocytes. Since MFG-E8 promotes clearance of apoptotic cells, we have explored its therapeutic potential in various organ injury conditions...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanisms of vitamin B6 against renal injury in patients with sepsis. METHODS: A total of 128 patients with sepsis who met the entry criteria in multiple centres were randomly divided into experimental (intravenous vitamin B6 therapy) and control (intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride therapy) groups based on usual care. Clinical data, the inflammatory response indicators interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), the oxidative stress response indicators superoxide dismutase, glutathione and malondialdehyde, and renal function (assessed by blood urea nitrogen [BUN], serum creatinine [SCr] and renal resistance index [RRI] monitored by ultrasound) were compared between the two groups...

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PARP-1 is central to transcriptional regulation under both normal and stress conditions, with the governing mechanisms yet to be fully understood. Our biochemical and ChIP-seq-based analyses showed that PARP-1 binds specifically to active histone marks, particularly H4K20me1. We found that H4K20me1 plays a critical role in facilitating PARP-1 binding and the regulation of PARP-1-dependent loci during both development and heat shock stress. Here, we report that the sole H4K20 mono-methylase, pr-set7 , and parp-1 Drosophila mutants undergo developmental arrest...

Homemade explosives, such as peroxides, nitrates, and chlorates, are increasingly abused by terrorists, criminals, and amateur chemists. The starting materials are easily accessible and instructions on how to make the explosives are described on the Internet. Safety considerations raise the need to detect these substances quickly and in low concentrations using simple methods. Conventional methods for the detection of these substances require sophisticated, electrically operated, analytical equipment. The simpler chemical detection methods are multistep and require several chemicals...

There is intense interest in identifying compounds that selectively kill senescent cells, termed senolytics, for ameliorating age-related comorbidities. However, screening for senolytic compounds currently relies on primary cells or cell lines where senescence is induced in vitro. Given the complexity of senescent cells across tissues and diseases, this approach may not target the senescent cells that develop under specific conditions in vivo. In this issue of the JCI, Lee et al. describe a pipeline for high-throughput drug screening of senolytic compounds where senescence was induced in vivo and identify the HSP90 inhibitor XL888 as a candidate senolytic to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis...

BACKGROUND: In the PARTITA trial (Does Timing of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation Affect Prognosis in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator?), antitachycardia pacing (ATP) predicted the occurrence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia after the first shock reduced the risk of death or worsening heart failure. A threshold of ATPs that might warrant an ablation procedure before ICD shocks is unknown. Our aim was to identify a threshold of ATPs and clinical features that predict the occurrence of shocks and cardiovascular events...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Intravenous administration of azithromycin has been linked to severe hypotension in some case reports in the past. We report a further case of profound shock requiring excessive use of vasopressors and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). CASE SUMMARY: An 18-year-old Caucasian male was admitted due to fulminant myocarditis and signs of cardiogenic shock. He had to be put on venoarterial ECMO only hours after admission. Due to the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, haemodynamic support was discontinued on Day 8...

Many low- and middle-income countries have introduced public works programs (PWPs) to fight poverty. This paper provides the first evidence that children from families who benefit from PWPs show increased foundational cognitive skills. The results, based on unique tablet-based data collected as part of a long-standing longitudinal survey, show positive associations between participation in the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) in Ethiopia during childhood with long-term memory and implicit learning, and suggestive evidence for working memory...

Shock is a critical condition characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion, leading to cellular hypoxia and organ dysfunction. Early and accurate assessment is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. Echocardiography has emerged as a vital tool in the assessment of shock, offering real-time visualization of cardiac anatomy, function, and hemodynamics. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the role of echocardiography in shock assessment by providing an overview of its principles, techniques, and clinical applications...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to analyze the characteristic clinical manifestations of patients with intestinal disease Meckel's diverticulum (MD) complicated by digestive tract hemorrhage. Moreover, we aimed to evaluate the value of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in MD diagnosis and the prognosis after laparoscopic diverticula resection. AIM: To evaluate the value of DBE in the diagnosis and the prognosis after laparoscopic diverticula resection for MD with bleeding...

Based on the perspective of spatial economy, this paper focuses on the primary effects and spatial characteristics of Digital Financial Inclusion (DFI) on the upgrading of rural consumption structure (URCS) in China, conducting a literature review and theoretical analysis. It then uses statistical data collected over the years and the Digital Financial Inclusion Index (DFII) of Peking University to prepare panel data for 31 provinces in China (aside from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) from 2011 to 2020 for empirical testing...

The world is currently in the midst of a global food crisis brought about and exacerbated by a series of mutually reinforcing shocks to food systems This study investigated the resilience of food systems in six Asian countries (Bangladesh, Kyrgyz Republic, Lao PDR, Pakistan, Philippines, and Sri Lanka) amidst the global 'polycrisis' caused by COVID-19, geopolitical conflicts, and climate change. Trend analyses were performed for 19 indicators sourced from global databases and World Food Programme national data, representing the four domains of food system resilience: exposure to shocks; resilience capacities and agro- and food diversity, resilience responses and strategies; and long-term resilience outcomes...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a well-recognized pathogen primarily associated with respiratory tract infections. However, in rare instances, it can lead to extrapulmonary manifestations, including myocarditis. We present a case of a 15-year-old male who developed fulminant myocarditis, cardiogenic shock, and cardiac electrical storm attributed to M. pneumoniae infection. He underwent a combination of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for cardiac support, ultimately surviving despite the intracardiac thrombus formation and embolic stroke...

We describe a rare case of Wunderlich syndrome with bilateral renal hemorrhage in a patient under anticoagulant therapy for atrial fibrillation. An 84-year-old woman came to our department complaining of acute bilateral flank pain. Clinical and laboratory examinations revealed a condition of hypovolemic shock. An abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scan detected the presence of a bilateral hemorrhage affecting the peri- and para-renal spaces. Planning an appropriate management strategy considering the anticoagulated treatment required a multidisciplinary approach in the case of the Wunderlich syndrome diagnosis...

Cardiac echinococcosis, although rare, presents a range of clinical manifestations depending on the cyst's location within the heart. These manifestations can range from asymptomatic conditions to serious complications such as arrhythmias, valvular dysfunction, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, shock, or even death. This case report describes the unusual presentation of a young man with an intramyocardial hydatid cyst, which was incidentally discovered following an ischemic stroke. Diagnostic evaluation included echocardiography, as well as chest and abdominal angiography via computed tomography (angio-CT)...

BACKGROUND: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) type 3 is characterized by a complete deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF), resulting in a severe bleeding phenotype. Treatment often requires administration of VWF concentrates/factor (F)VIII. However, the development of alloantibodies is a rare complication, resulting in ineffective recovery and allergic reactions. Emicizumab, a bispecific antibody mimicking FVIII function, has emerged as a potential alternative, with promising results reported in several case reports...

This review describes the necessity, evolution, and current state of prehospital blood programs in the United States. Less than 1% of 9-1-1 Ground Emergency Medical Service agencies have been able to successfully implement prehospital blood transfusions as part of a resuscitation strategy for patients in hemorrhagic shock despite estimates that annually between 54,000 and 900,000 patients may benefit from its use. The use of prehospital blood transfusions as a tool for managing hemorrhagic shock has barriers to overcome to ensure it becomes widely available to patients throughout the United States...