Scholarly method

Background: Family engagement in care is increasingly recognized as an essential component of optimal critical care delivery. However, family engagement strategies have traditionally involved in-person family participation. Virtual approaches to family engagement may overcome barriers to family participation in care. The objective of this study was to perform a scoping review of virtual family engagement strategies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: Studies were included if they involved a virtual engagement strategy with family members of an ICU patient and reported either (1) outcomes, (2) user perspectives, and/or (3) barriers or facilitators to virtual engagement in the ICU...

BACKGROUND: The sudden onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was accompanied by a myriad of ethical issues that prompted the issuing of various ethical guidance documents for health care professionals in clinical, research, and public health settings throughout the United Kingdom (UK) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The aim of this review was to identify the main principles in ethical guidance documents published in the UK and Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic...

BACKGROUND: There is little and heterogeneous knowledge on the links between the temperamental predispositions of psychopathology and the contemporary dimensional models of psychopathology, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) classification system, which can be aligned with the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. This meta-analysis seeks to expand the temperamental theoretical basis of the HiTOP model by incorporating associations of temperament traits of two temperamental theories measured, respectively, by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) with (a) the FFM's personality domains and (b) HiTOP's five psychopathological spectra...

Pompe disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency of acid α-glucosidase (GAA), leading to the accumulation of glycogen in various tissues, especially in skeletal muscles. The disease manifests as a large spectrum of phenotypes from infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) to late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD), depending on the age of symptoms onset. Quantifying GAA activity and glycogen content in skeletal muscle provides important information about the disease severity. However, the distribution of GAA and glycogen levels in skeletal muscles from healthy individuals and those impacted by Pompe disease remains poorly understood, and there is currently no universally accepted standard assay for GAA activity measurement...

Objective: The aim of this study is to uncover the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments for chronic gastritis and their potential targets and pathways involved in the "inflammation-cancer" conversion in four stages. These findings can provide further support for future research into TCM and its active components. Materials and methods: The literature search encompassed PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP, employing keywords such as "chronic gastritis", "gastric cancer", "traditional Chinese medicine", "medicinal herb", "Chinese herb", and "natural plant"...

The epidemic of stripe rust, caused by the pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), would reduce wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields seriously. Traditional experimental methods are difficult to discover the interaction between wheat and Pst. Multi-omics data analysis provides a new idea for efficiently mining the interactions between host and pathogen. We used 140 wheat-Pst RNA-Seq data to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between low susceptibility and high susceptibility samples, and carried out Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis...

Colon cancer is one of the lethal diseases in the world with approximately 700,000 fatalities annually (Abdulzehra et al., 2023 [1]). Nowadays, due to the side effects of existing methods in the treatment of colon cancer such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the use of targeted nanocarriers in cancer treatment has received wide attention, and among them, especially liposomes have been studied a lot. Based on this, anti-tumor drugs hidden in targeted active liposomes can selectively act on cancer cells. In this systematic review, the use of various ligands such as folic acid, transferrin, aptamer, hyaluronic acid and cRGD for active targeting of liposomes to achieve improved drug delivery to colon cancer cells has been reviewed...

Histology is part of the curricular base of all health courses, being the basis for understanding the composition of all tissues in the human body. Over the years, more and more technologies have entered the academic environment, with the aim of improving the teaching and learning process. Thus, the objective of this work was to conduct a systematic review on the use of digital technologies in teaching histology. The PICo strategy was used to develop the guiding question and the results were presented in a Prisma Flow...

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an imaging modality that has become a fundamental part of clinical care provided in the emergency department (ED). The applications of this tool in the ED have ranged from resuscitation, diagnosis, and therapeutic to procedure guidance. This review aims to summarize the evidence on the use of POCUS for diagnosis and procedure guidance. To achieve this, CrossRef, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were extensively searched for studies published between January 2000 and November 2023...

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is one of the most prevalent spinal abnormalities, appearing far into puberty. Schroth's exercises (SE) and core-stabilization exercises (CE) have become very prominent among the specialized and general methods to scoliosis treatment. However, their effects are still unclear and there is insufficient evidence of superiority between them. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of these methods on Cobb angles (CA) in AIS...

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide. However, current standard diagnostic methods have many drawbacks. This review examines various non-invasive point-of-care (POC) tests and biomarkers aiding rapid diagnosis of diarrhea from different causes. METHODS: PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched from 2013 to present for relevant literature. Two reviewers independently assessed included studies' quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist...

BACKGROUND: Recent guidelines suggest that antiplatelet therapy (APT) is the standard of care in the absence of long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC) indications in patients post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The superiority of one method over the other remains controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Several databases, including MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and EMBASE, were electronically searched. The primary endpoint was the all-cause mortality (ACM) rate...

BACKGROUND: There has been limited literature synthesizing the therapeutic effects of surgical procedures for fungal periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following hip arthroplasty. The authors' current study aims to comprehensively review and analyze those relevant literature, and carefully make recommendations for future clinical practices. METHODS: Our current study was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. Studies regarding the surgical management of fungal PJI following hip arthroplasty were collected via a thorough search of PubMed, Embase and Google scholar databases...

Background  Breast cancer is one of the most lethal neoplasms causing death. Oral cavity is the rare site of distant metastasis from breast cancer. Very little research has been conducted to date to analyze breast cancer as the sole primary source of metastasis to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer as the only primary source to date. Methods  An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like ("Breast cancer", OR "Breast carcinoma") AND ("Metastasis" OR "Metastases"), And ("Oral soft tissues" OR "Tongue" OR "Palate" OR "Tonsil" OR "Buccal mucosa" OR "Floor of mouth" OR "Vestibule" OR "Salivary glands")...

BACKGROUND: Wounds have become a major health challenge worldwide, presenting marked humanistic and economic burdens such as disabilities and death. Annually, approximately 14 million people suffer from wounds worldwide and 80 % of these occur in developing countries like Uganda. In Uganda, besides many cases of daily wound occurrences, approximately 10 % of surgical procedures become septic wounds and consequently lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, several ethnomedicinal studies have identified plants used for wound treatment in different parts of Uganda and the wound healing activities of some plants have been reported...

The escalating environmental challenges have compelled corporations to embark on green innovation initiatives, establishing this as a pivotal strategy for attaining economic sustainability. Yet, there remains a lack of consensus within the scholarly community regarding the precursors and outcomes of green innovation. This research leverages Giddens' structuration theory and employs meta-analytical methods to elucidate the determinants and effects of corporate green innovation. Initially, the study synthesizes 288 effect sizes from 161 distinct scholarly articles, spanning from 2012 to early 2023, guided by the structuration framework...

Background : Following the 2023 surge in popularity of large language models like ChatGPT, significant ethical discussions emerged regarding their role in academic authorship. Notable ethics organizations, including the ICMJE and COPE, alongside leading publishers, have instituted ethics clauses explicitly stating that such models do not meet the criteria for authorship due to accountability issues. Objective : This study aims to assess the prevalence and ethical implications of listing ChatGPT as an author on academic papers, in violation of existing ethical guidelines set by the ICMJE and COPE...

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a complex, heterogeneous condition that has become a leading health concern globally. Peripheral arterial disease often co-exists with other vascular disease states, including cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease. Optimal therapy for managing symptoms and progression of disease employs non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and contemporary revascularisation techniques to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life. However, large well-designed randomised control trials (RCT) and corresponding evidence-based guidelines for management of PAD are lacking, with current practice standards often extrapolated from evidence in coronary artery disease...

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have reported that proprioceptive training methods (PTM) have positive effects, there is a relatively small number of studies regarding the impact of PTM in women's soccer. Therefore, there is a need to systematize the given results. In this regard, this systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of proprioceptive training methods in female soccer players. METHODS: The studies' search and analysis were done according to the PRISMA guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from several tissue sources has been proposed as a promising alternative to conventional scaffolds used in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the histological outcomes of studies utilizing dECM-derived scaffolds for REPs and to analyse the contributing factors that might influence the nature of regenerated tissues. METHODS: The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were used...