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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xu Yong, Shanshan Zhu, Zhenyu Sun, Shixiong Chen, Shunta Togo, Hiroshi Yokoi, Xiaobei Jing, Guanglin Li
In the design of prosthetic hand fingers, achieving human-like movement while meeting anthropomorphic demands such as appearance, size, and lightweight is quite challenging. Human finger movement involves two distinct motion characters during natural reach-and-grasp tasks: consistency in the reaching stage and adaptability in the grasping stage. The former one enhances grasp stability and reduces control complexity; the latter one promotes the adaptability of finger to various objects. However, conventional tendon-driven prosthetic finger designs typically incorporate bulky actuation modules or complex tendon routes to reconcile the consistency and adaptability...
December 7, 2023: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
#42
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cherry H Yu, Daniel H Lench, Christine Cooper, Nathan C Rowland, Istvan Takacs, Gonzalo Revuelta
BACKGROUND: Although ET is a phenomenologically heterogeneous condition, thalamic DBS appears to be equally effective across subtypes. We hypothesized stimulation sites optimized for individuals with essential tremor (ET) would differ from individuals with essential tremor plus syndrome (ET-plus). We examined group differences in optimal stimulation sites within the ventral thalamus and their overlap of with relevant white matter tracts. By capturing these differences, we sought to determine whether ET subtypes are associated with anatomically distinct neural pathways...
2023: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
#43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rasul Gheisari, Masoud Saatchi, Firoozeh Estakhri, Mehrdad Vossoughi, Mohammad Bazaei, Zahra Khosravani
BACKGROUND: Although most of the metabolism of local anesthetics (LAs) takes place in the liver, no study has investigated the effect of these anesthetics on the kidney function of single-kidney humans or animals. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of LAs on renal function in single-kidney rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present experimental animal study with two control groups was done in an animal laboratory. Forty-two rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of six rats, including two control groups and five experimental groups...
2023: Dental Research Journal
#44
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivana Vrca, Blaž Jug, Željana Fredotović, Elma Vuko, Valentina Brkan, Loriana Šestić, Lea Juretić, Valerija Dunkić, Marija Nazlić, Dina Ramić, Sonja Smole Možina, Dario Kremer
Tropaeolum majus L. is a traditional medicinal plant with a wide range of biological activities due to the degradation products of the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin. Therefore, the goals of this study were to identify volatiles using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) of the hydrosols (HYs) isolated using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG). Cytotoxic activity was tested against a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), human colon cancer cell line (HCT116), human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS), and healthy cell line (RPE1)...
November 18, 2023: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
#45
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qixuan Zhou, Wenxin Niu, Kit-Lun Yick, Bingfei Gu, Yue Sun
The foot, as the foundation of the human body, bears the vast majority of the body's weight. Obese children bear more weight than healthy children in the process of walking and running. This study compared three footwear midsole structures (solid, lattice, and chiral) based on plantar pressure distribution and bone stress in obese and healthy children through numerical simulation. The preparation for the study included obtaining a thin-slice CT scan of a healthy 9-year-old boy's right foot, and this study distinguished between a healthy and an obese child by applying external loadings of 25 kg and 50 kg in the finite element models...
November 10, 2023: Bioengineering
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cheng Tao, Feifei Li, Zhenzhen Ma, Xiaoming Li, Yali Zhang, Yuan Le, Jiexin Wang, Jinxia Zhao, Chaoyong Liu, Jianjun Zhang
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic autoimmune disease, poses a significant human health threat. Iguratimod (IGUR), a novel disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), has attracted great attention for RA treatment. Due to IGUR's hydrophobic nature, there's a pressing need for effective pharmaceutical formulations to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The high-gravity nanoprecipitation technique (HGNPT) emerges as a promising approach for formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. In this study, IGUR nanodrugs (NanoIGUR) are synthesized using HGNPT, with a focus on optimizing various operational parameters...
November 14, 2023: Small
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eun-Jeong Kwon, Seong-Hye Hwang, Seungwan Seo, Jaesung Park, Seokwoo Park, Sejoong Kim
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to have a therapeutic effect on nephrotoxicity. As animal models require significant time and resources to evaluate drug effects, there is a need for a new experimental technique that can accurately predict drug effects in humans. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of MSC-derived EVs in cisplatin nephrotoxicity using a three-dimensional, gravity-driven, two-layer tubule-on-a-chip (3D-MOTIVE chip). In the 3D-MOTIVE chip, 10 μM cisplatin decreased the number of attached cells compared to the vehicle...
October 29, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meirui Zhong, Jialu Xia, Qiong Xu
ICT has significantly transformed the traditional energy production and service methods, changed the correlation characteristics of energy consumption network, and contributed to the establishment of cross-regional, open, and synergistic energy ecological networks. In this paper, social network analysis (SNA), dynamic SYS-GMM model, and mediating effects model are employed to deliberate on the mechanism of ICT capital's influence on the spatial correlation of energy consumption from 2000 to 2019. Firstly, this study employs an enhanced gravity model to precisely delineate the spatial correlation network of energy consumption in China, further applies the SNA to analyze the network structural characteristics, and then uses the econometric model to investigate the influence mechanism and heterogeneity of ICT capital on the spatial correlation of energy consumption...
November 13, 2023: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dora Evelyn Ibarra, Maggie E Jewett, Dillon K Jarrell, Armando Pinales, Mitchell C VeDepo, Jeffrey G Jacot
BACKGROUND: Current treatments for congenital heart defects often require surgery and implantation of a synthetic patch or baffle that becomes a fibrous scar and leads to a high number of reoperations. Previous studies in rats have shown that a pre-vascularized scaffold can integrate into the heart and result in regions of vascularized and muscularized tissue. However, increasing the thickness of this scaffold for use in human hearts requires a method to populate the thick scaffold and mature it under physiologic flow and electrical conditions...
November 2, 2023: Tissue Engineering. Part A
#50
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Cialdai, Austin M Brown, Cory W Baumann, Debora Angeloni, Sarah Baatout, Alexandra Benchoua, Juergen Bereiter-Hahn, Daniele Bottai, Judith-Irina Buchheim, Marco Calvaruso, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Sara Castiglioni, Duccio Cavalieri, Gabriele Ceccarelli, Alexander Choukér, Gianni Ciofani, Giuseppe Coppola, Gabriella Cusella, Andrea Degl'Innocenti, Jean-Francois Desaphy, Jean-Pol Frippiat, Michael Gelinsky, Giada Genchi, Maria Grano, Daniela Grimm, Alain Guignandon, Christiane Hahn, Jason Hatton, Raúl Herranz, Christine E Hellweg, Carlo Saverio Iorio, Thodoris Karapantsios, Jack van Loon, Matteo Lulli, Jeanette Maier, Jos Malda, Emina Mamaca, Lucia Morbidelli, Angelique van Ombergen, Andreas Osterman, Aleksandr Ovsianikov, Francesco Pampaloni, Elizabeth Pavezlorie, Veronica Pereda-Campos, Cyrille Przybyla, Christopher Puhl, Petra Rettberg, Chiara Risaliti, Angela Maria Rizzo, Kate Robson-Brown, Leonardo Rossi, Giorgio Russo, Alessandra Salvetti, Daniela Santucci, Matthias Sperl, Felice Strollo, Kevin Tabury, Sara Tavella, Christiane Thielemann, Ronnie Willaert, Nathaniel J Szewczyk, Monica Monici
The present white paper concerns the indications and recommendations of the SciSpacE Science Community to make progress in filling the gaps of knowledge that prevent us from answering the question: "How Do Gravity Alterations Affect Animal and Human Systems at a Cellular/Tissue Level?" This is one of the five major scientific issues of the ESA roadmap "Biology in Space and Analogue Environments". Despite the many studies conducted so far on spaceflight adaptation mechanisms and related pathophysiological alterations observed in astronauts, we are not yet able to elaborate a synthetic integrated model of the many changes occurring at different system and functional levels...
October 21, 2023: NPJ Microgravity
#51
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tatiana Maillard
Experiments on the lower limbs are the only approaches being used to study how hypogravity (HG) (0 < g < 1, e.g., Moon: 1/6 g, Mars: 3/8 g) affects human movement. The goal of this study was to expand this field experimentally by investigating the effect of HG on the upper extremities during one-handed manual handling tasks in a sitting posture: static weight holding with an outstretched arm, and slow repetitive weight lifting and lowering motions. The hypothesis was that while completing static and dynamic tasks with elements of repetition in HG, the upper body's tilt (angle regarding the vertical axis) would change differently from Earth's gravity...
2023: Frontiers in Physiology
#52
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inna Nosikova, Alexandra Riabova, Vladimir Kitov, Elena Tomilovskaya
In light of the development of manned astronautics and the increasing participation of women in space flights, the question of female body adaptation to microgravity conditions becomes relevant. Currently, one of the important directions in this issue is to study the effects of support withdrawal as a factor of weightlessness on the human sensorimotor system. Dry Immersion is one of the well-known ground-based models, which adequately reproduces the main physiological effects of space flight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in motor evoked potentials of the lower leg gravity-dependent muscles in women after a 5-day Dry Immersion...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
#53
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanxue Lv, Boqiang Fu, Wencheng Liu, Wenfeng Huang, Manli Li, Yingying Liu, Yu Kang, Jing Wang, Shouli Bai, Chao Lu, Xinhua Dai
Rapid and accurate detection of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in human blood still remains a challenge. We present a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method based on aptamer-SERS bio-probe recognition coupled with micropore membrane filtration capture for the detection of CTCs at single cell level. The parylene micropore membrane with optimized micropore size installed on a filtration holder could capture bio-probe labeled CTCs by gravity in less than 10 s, and only with very less white blood cells (WBCs) residual...
September 21, 2023: Talanta
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Bonetto, Valeria Magnelli, Maurizio Sabbatini, Flavia Caprì, Jack J W A van Loon, Sara Tavella, Maria Angela Masini
In the age of space exploration, the effect of hypergravity on human physiology is a relatively neglected topic. However, astronauts have several experiences of hypergravity during their missions. The main disturbance of altered gravity can be imputed to cell cytoskeleton alteration and physiologic homeostasis of the body. Testis has proved to be a particularly sensible organ, subject to environmental alteration and physiological disturbance. This makes testis an organ eligible for investigating the alteration following exposure to altered gravity...
2023: PloS One
#55
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Ramos-Nascimento, Lucia Grenga, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Alexandra Himmelmann, Franca Sabine Arndt, Yen-Tran Ly, Guylaine Miotello, Olivier Pible, Nico Jehmlich, Beatrice Engelmann, Martin von Bergen, Edwin Mulder, Petra Frings-Meuthen, Christine Elisabeth Hellweg, Jens Jordan, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Jean Armengaud, Ralf Moeller
The Artificial Gravity Bed Rest - European Space Agency (AGBRESA) study was the first joint bed rest study by ESA, DLR, and NASA that examined the effect of simulated weightlessness on the human body and assessed the potential benefits of artificial gravity as a countermeasure in an analog of long-duration spaceflight. In this study, we investigated the impact of simulated microgravity on the gut microbiome of 12 participants during a 60-day head-down tilt bed rest at the :envihab facilities. Over 60 days of simulated microgravity resulted in a mild change in the gut microbiome, with distinct microbial patterns and pathway expression in the feces of the countermeasure group compared to the microgravity simulation-only group...
December 2023: Gut Microbes
#56
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzanne Bowdler, Wendy Nielsen, Shahla Meedya, Yenna Salamonson
AIM: To use Legitimation Code Theory as a framework to inform the design of nursing education and gain insights into student perspectives of this design. BACKGROUND: Internationally, the World Health Organization's breastfeeding recommendations are not being met. One contributing factor is that healthcare providers including registered nurses lack the knowledge to support breastfeeding women on an ongoing basis and rely on their personal experiences to inform the care they provide...
September 17, 2023: Nurse Education in Practice
#57
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kalish Gunasekaran, Sakib Ul Islam, Haojie Mao
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and long-term disability in road traffic accidents (RTAs). Researchers have examined the effect of vehicle front shape and pedestrian body size on the risk of pedestrian head injury. On the other hand, the relationship between vehicle front shape parameters and pedestrian TBI risks involving a diverse population with varying body sizes has yet to be investigated. Thus, the purpose of this study was to comprehensively study the effect of vehicle front shape parameters and various pedestrian bodies ranging from 95th percentile male (AM95) to 6 years old (YO) child on the dynamic response of the head and the risk of TBIs during primary (vehicle) impact...
November 2022: Stapp Car Crash Journal
#58
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhichen Yang, Yuxi Wu, Fangfang Wang, Aichun Chen, Yixuan Wang
The coordinated development of urban quality and technology innovation is an important element of China's technology innovation development strategy in the new era. Based on entropy TOPSIS, coupling coordination models, the gravity center and standard deviation ellipse method, the geographic probe, the GWR, and other methods, we explore the spatial variation and influencing factors of the coupling coordination relationship between urban quality and technology innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2011 to 2020...
2023: PloS One
#59
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zishu Liu, Yihao Jin, Zhendi Yu, Zhengzheng Liu, Baofeng Zhang, Taolue Chi, Dongqing Cheng, Lizhong Zhu, Baolan Hu
Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread in anthropogenic polluted soils is believed to be accelerated by the incidental inputs of antibiotics via fertilizing and irrigation, and endangering food and human health. However, due to the complex nature of substrates and uncertain microbial responses, the primary drivers of ARG dissemination remain unclear. To address this concern, the effects of antibiotic inputs on soil microbes and antibiotic resistance under simulated natural conditions was investigated in this study...
September 18, 2023: Science of the Total Environment
#60
REVIEW
Yusuke Nishimura
The human body experiences constant stimulation from Earth's gravity, and the absence of gravity leads to various impacts at the cellular and tissue levels. Simulated microgravity (s-μg) has been employed on Earth to investigate these effects, circumventing the challenges of conducting experiments in space and providing an opportunity to understand the influence of microgravity on living organisms. Research focusing on stem cells and utilizing s-μg has enhanced our understanding of how microgravity affects stem cell morphology, migration, proliferation, and differentiation...
December 2023: Regenerative Therapy
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