Thcv

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze the anticancer properties of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Cannabidiol (CBD), and Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) using In silico tools. METHODS: Using SwissADME and pkCSM, the physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties of the cannabinoids were evaluated. Protox-II was utilized for the assessment of their cytotoxicity. The chemical-biological interactions of the cannabinoids were also predicted using the Way2Drug Predictive Server which comprises Acute Rat Toxicity, Adver-Pred, CLC-Pred, and Pass Target Prediction...

BACKGROUND: The cannabis plant contains several cannabinoids, and many terpenoids that give cannabis its distinctive flavoring and aroma. Δ9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) is the plant's primary psychoactive constituent. Given the abuse liability of Δ9 -THC, assessment of the psychoactive effects of minor cannabinoids and other plant constituents is important, especially for compounds that may be used medicinally. This study sought to evaluate select minor cannabinoids and terpenes for Δ9 -THC-like psychoactivity in mouse Δ9 -THC drug discrimination and determine their binding affinities at CB1 and CB2 receptors...

Atherosclerosis is associated with vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, chronic vascular inflammation, and leukocyte adhesion. In view of the cardioprotective effects of cannabinoids described in recent years, the present study investigated the impact of the non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) on proliferation and migration of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) and on inflammatory markers in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC)...

Inflammation is a natural response of the body to signals of tissue damage or infection caused by pathogens. However, when it becomes imbalanced, it can lead to various disorders such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, neurological conditions, and diabetes. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a regulatory role in different organs and influences functions such as food intake, pain perception, stress response, glucose tolerance, inflammation, cell growth and specialization, and metabolism...

Introduction: Cannabis contains a multitude of phytocannabinoids and terpenes in addition to its main psychoactive constituent, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC). It is believed that the combination of minor cannabinoids and terpenes with D9-THC may impact the subjective and physiological effects of D9-THC. In this study, select minor cannabinoids (cannabigerol [CBG], cannabidivarin [CBDV], cannabichromene [CBC], tetrahydrocannabivarin [THCV], cannabigerolic acid [CBGa], and cannabidiolic acid [CBDa]) and terpenes (beta-caryophyllene and linalool) were evaluated for their potential to decrease the interoceptive effects of D9-THC using drug discrimination methods...

Introduction: Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is an understudied cannabinoid that appears to have effects that vary as a function of dose. No human study has evaluated the safety and nature of effects in a wide range of THCV doses. Methods: This was a two-phase, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled trial of the Δ8 isomer of oral THCV in healthy adults. Phase 1 utilized an unblinded, single-ascending dose design ( n =3). Phase 2 used a double-blind, randomized, within-participant crossover design ( n =18). Participants received single acute doses of placebo and 12...

Introduction: Despite growing consumer interest and market availability, the safety of minor cannabinoids, generally present in low concentrations in Cannabis sativa L., is not well understood. Materials and Methods: Cannabichromene (CBC; 3.2, 10, 17, 22, 32, or 100 mg/kg-bw/day), cannabinol (CBN; 1, 3.2, 10, 17, 32, or 100 mg/kg-bw/day), delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (D8-THC; 0.32, 1, 3.2, or 10 mg/kg-bw/day), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV; 3.2, 10, 17, 22, 32, or 100 mg/kg-bw/day), and vehicle (medium-chain triglyceride oil) preparations were administered via oral gavage once daily for 14 days to Sprague Dawley rats...

Introduction: Minor cannabinoids are increasingly being consumed in oral formulations (i.e., edibles, tinctures) for medical and nonmedical purposes. This study examined the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of cannabinoids tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN), and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (D8-THC) after the first and last oral dose during a 14-day administration period. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats ( N =6 animals/dose, 50% female) were given an assigned dose of one of four cannabinoids (THCV=3...

Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) recently became widely available as an alternative to cannabis. Δ8-THC is likely impairing and poses a threat to workplace and traffic safety. In the present study the prevalence of Δ8-THC in workplace drug testing was investigated by analyzing 1,504 urine specimens with a positive immunoassay cannabinoid initial test using an LC-MS-MS method quantifying 15 cannabinoid analytes after hydrolysis. Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (Δ8-THC-COOH) was detected in 378 urine specimens (15 ng/mL cutoff), compared to 1,144 specimens containing Δ9-THC-COOH...

INTRODUCTION: Extracts and compounds isolated from hemp (Cannabis sativa) are increasingly gaining popularity in the treatment of a number of diseases, with topical formulations for dermatological conditions leading the way. Phytocannabinoids such as ( )-cannabidiol, ( )-cannabinol and ( )-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (CBD, CBN, and THCV, respectively), are present in variable amounts in the plant, and have been shown to have mostly anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, albeit dominantly in murine models...

Dermatological diseases pose a significant burden on the quality of life of individuals and can be challenging to treat effectively. In this aspect, cannabinoids are gaining increasing importance due to their therapeutic potential in various disease entities including skin diseases. In this synthetic review, we comprehensively analyzed the existing literature in the field of potential dermatological applications of a lesser-known subgroup of cannabinoids, the so-called minor cannabinoids, such as cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidiforol (CBDP), cannabichromene (CBC), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabimovone (CBM) or cannabinol (CBN), while drawing attention to their unique pharmacological properties...

The calcium-selective oncochannel TRPV6 is an important driver of cell proliferation in human cancers. Despite increasing interest of pharmacological research in developing synthetic inhibitors of TRPV6, natural compounds acting at this channel have been largely neglected. On the other hand, pharmacokinetics of natural small-molecule antagonists optimized by nature throughout evolution endows these compounds with a medicinal potential to serve as potent and safe next-generation anti-cancer drugs. Here we report the structure of human TRPV6 in complex with tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), a natural cannabinoid inhibitor extracted from Cannabis sativa...

Drugs that are illegal have long been a part of Egyptian society. The most widely misused form of narcotic is marijuana, also known as "bango", and other cannabis-related products like "hashish". The chemical profile of some available "hashish" in the local Egyptian illegal market and its possible country of origin are investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique in conjunction with a thermal separation probe (TSP/GC/MS). The TSP/GC/MS method reveals the presence of 23 different terpenes, of which caryophylla-4(12),8(13)-dien-5α-ol, isoaromadendrene epoxide, caryophyllene, and alloaromadendrene oxide-(1) are detected in high relative proportions...

INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid system (ECS), discovered in the 1990s, is a system involved with maintaining cellular homeostasis by down-regulating the damaging inflammatory responses and upregulating regenerative processes. Cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and cannabidivarin (CBDV) are all phytocannabinoids found in varying quantities in hemp extract. These three cannabinoids have novel therapeutic effects on hair regrowth through the ECS. The method of action is different from and synergistic with current hair regrowth therapies...

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from endosomes that play a role in cellular communication. These vesicles which mimic the parental cells that release them are promising candidates for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications against cancer because of their favorable biocompatibility, specific targeting, low toxicity, and immunogenicity. Currently, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and other cannabinoids (e.g., CBG, THCV, CBC), are being explored for their anticancer and anti-proliferative properties...

The aim of this research was to investigate the chemical profiles of Cannabis sativa from 11 Tanzanian regions using preliminary tests as well as instrumental analyses with GC-MS and LC-MS. Generally, all the seized samples tested positive for the presence of (Δ9 -THC. The preliminary test with Duquenois method followed by chloroform addition revealed the presence of Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) in all the samples. GC-MS analyses of the samples revealed the presence of nine cannabinoids including Δ9 -THC, Δ8 -THC, cannabidivarol, cannabidiol, Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ9 -THCV), cannabichromene, cannabinol, caryophyllene, and cannabicouramaronone, whereas LC-MS chemical profiling revealed the presence 24 chemical substances, including 4 cannabinoids, 15 different types of drugs and 5 amino acids...

The use of therapeutic cannabis preparations in Friuli Venezia Giulia is increasingly expanding. Even if cannabis oil finds its applications in several disorders affecting adults and children, it is not yet a standardized product and, to ensure the quality of the preparation, a quantitative analysis must be carried out before dispensing it to patients. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a frequently used technique for quantification of cannabinoids, the active compounds of C. sativa ...

This study examines the potential of Cannabis sativa L. plants to be repurposed as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment through designing of hybrid Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). A set of 50 phytochemicals was taken from Cannabinoids and Terpenes and subjected for screening using Semi-flexible and Flexible Molecular Docking methods, MM-GBSA free binding energy computations, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (ADME-Tox) predictions. Nine promising phytochemicals, Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Dronabinol (Δ-9-THC), Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-8-THC), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), Beta-Caryophyllene (BCP), and Gamma-Elemene (γ-Ele) were identified as potential EGFR-TKIs natural product candidates for cancer therapy...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fulfills essential duties in cell physiology, and impairment of this organelle's functions is associated with a wide number of metabolic diseases. When ER stress is generated in the adipose tissue, it is observed that the metabolism and energy homeostasis of the adipocytes are altered, leading to obesity-associated metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV, a cannabinoid compound isolated from Cannabis sativa L...

Eleven major cannabinoids from each subdivided tissue of drug-type and fiber-type cannabis plants were determined by means of a liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). The cannabinoids analyzed in this study were tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA), Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC), cannabidiol acid (CBDA), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ8 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8 -THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabigerol (CBG) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)...