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JOURNAL ARTICLE
M John Plater, William T A Harrison
The absolute configuration and stability of two thianthrene chiral sulfoxides has been determined by means of X-ray single-crystal structure determinations. The analyses and configurations allow verification that the diastereomeric sulfoxides are stable in solution and are not interconverting, which has been suggested in some studies of sulfoxides. The two thianthrene sulfoxides have slightly different R f values, which allowed their separation using flash chromatography on silica. The spots run back-to-back, which posed a challenge for their separation...
April 13, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aline Z Schavinski, Natany G Reis, Henrique J N Morgan, Ana Paula Assis, Matheus L Moro, Rafael R Valentim, Ana Carolina Seni-Silva, Ester S Ramos, Isis C Kettelhut, Luiz C C Navegantes
Recent studies have shown that maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD) causes long-term metabolic changes in offspring. However, little is known about the impact of maternal VDD on offspring endocrine pancreas development and insulin secretion in the adult life of male and female animals. Female rats (Wistar Hannover) were fed either control (1000 IU Vitamin D3/kg), VDD (0 IU Vitamin D3/kg), or a Ca2+ -enriched VDD diet (0 IU Vitamin D3/kg + Ca2+ and P/kg) for 6 weeks and during gestation and lactation. At weaning, VDD status was confirmed based on low serum calcidiol levels in dams and pups...
April 9, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifei Sun, Yan Tang, Zetao Chen, Miaoxiu Ge, Wei Xiong, Luhong Wen
Abuse of herbicides in food safety is a vital concern that has an influence on the sustainable development of the world. This work presents, a modified ionization method with separation of the sample and carrier gas inlets, which was utilized for efficient ionization and analyte transfer of herbicides in crops. The working parameters of voltage, injective distance, desorption temperature, and the carrier gas flow rate were optimized to achieve the high efficiency of the transfer and ionization of the analyte...
April 22, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan Piecko, Monika Mieszczakowska-Frąc, Karolina Celejewska, Justyna Szwejda-Grzybowska
The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of ultrasound application during juice pressing. The impact on pressing yield and extraction of bioactive compounds during production of juice from strawberry, blackcurrant and raspberry was evaluated. Juice pressing was carried out after four kinds of mash pretreatment. The tested objects were heated to 55 °C, treated by ultrasound, and/or macerated with an enzyme. The obtained juices were analyzed for the content of bioactive compounds and compared to the 'Control' sample, which was the juice pressed without any pretreatment...
April 17, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
#45
REVIEW
Wenjie Jing, Feihong Hou, Xinming Wu, Mingqiang Zheng, Yue Zheng, Fuping Lu, Fufeng Liu
Isomaltulose is a novel sweetener and is considered healthier than the common sugars, such as sucrose or glucose. It has been internationally recognized as a safe food product and holds vast potential in pharmaceutical and food industries. Sucrose isomerase is commonly used to produce isomaltulose from the substrate sucrose in vitro and in vivo. However, free cells/enzymes were often mixed with the product, making recycling difficult and leading to a significant increase in production costs. Immobilized cells/enzymes have the following advantages including easy separation from products, high stability, and reusability, which can significantly reduce production costs...
April 17, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
#46
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mário Bezerra, Fernanda Cosme, Fernando M Nunes
This study demonstrated the feasibility of fermenting and distilling low-commercial-value red fruits such as red raspberries, blueberries, and strawberries to produce high-value red fruit spirits. The fermentation process was efficient, with all red berry wines achieving a notable ethanol conversion yield (46.33 to 66.31%), without the need for nutrient supplementation or fruit juice solid separation, which showed no significant effect on the quality of the final product. Small-scale copper Charentais alembic distillation of the fermented red fruit juices resulted in fruit spirits equivalent to 1%, 7%, and 2% of the initial volume for red raspberries, blueberries, and strawberries, respectively...
April 13, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
#47
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haonan Wang, Hongyu Jin, Ruiping Chai, Hailiang Li, Jing Fan, Ying Wang, Feng Wei, Shuangcheng Ma
Natural polysaccharides are important active biomolecules. However, the analysis and structural characterization of polysaccharides are challenging tasks that often require multiple techniques and maps to reflect their structural features. This study aimed to propose a new heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method for separating and analyzing polysaccharides to explore the multidimensional information of polysaccharide structure in a single map. That is, the first-dimension liquid chromatography (1 D-LC) presents molecular-weight information, and the second-dimension liquid chromatography (2 D-LC) shows the fingerprints of polysaccharides...
April 12, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
#48
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonia Carabetta, Rosa Di Sanzo, Pietro Andronaco, Francesco Canino, Tomas Branyik, Fabio Salafia, Salvatore Fuda, Adele Muscolo, Mariateresa Russo
In this study, a UHPLC-PDA method for the simultaneous identification of polyphenols and bitter acids (alpha, beta, and isoalpha) in beer was developed. The resulting chemical profiles were leveraged to distinguish the characteristics of four (IPA, Lager, Blanche, ALE) bergamot-flavored beers, produced on a pilot-scale plant. In a streamlined 29 min analysis, thirty polyphenols and fourteen bitter acids were successfully identified under optimized separation conditions. Validation, encompassing parameters such as LOD (from 0...
April 10, 2024: Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
#49
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosina Bonsch, Robert Seibt, Bernhard Krämer, Monika A Rieger, Benjamin Steinhilber, Tessy Luger
Laparoscopic surgeons are at high risk of experiencing musculoskeletal discomfort, which is considered the result of long-lasting static and awkward body postures. We primarily aimed to evaluate whether passive and active work breaks can reduce ratings of perceived discomfort among laparoscopic surgeons compared with no work breaks. We secondarily aimed to examine potential differences in performance and workload across work break conditions and requested the surgeons evaluate working with passive or active work breaks...
March 22, 2024: Life
#50
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Peng, Zhaoxin Wang
Movement and muscle control are crucial for the survival of all free-living organisms. This study aimed to explore differential patterns of cortical and subcortical activation across different stages of muscle control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). An event-related design was employed. In each trial, participants ( n = 10) were instructed to gently press a button with their right index finger, hold it naturally for several seconds, and then relax the finger. Neural activation in these temporally separated stages was analyzed using a General Linear Model...
April 20, 2024: Brain Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyriaki Neophytou, Kelly Williamson, Olivia Herrmann, Alexandros Afthinos, Jessica Gallegos, Nadine Martin, Donna C Tippett, Kyrana Tsapkini
BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine (a) if home-based anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) delivered to the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) coupled with verbal short-term memory/working memory (vSTM/WM) treatment ("RAM", short for "Repeat After Me") is more effective than sham-tDCS in improving vSTM/WM in patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and (b) whether tDCS effects generalize to other language and cognitive abilities. METHODS: Seven PPA participants received home-based a-tDCS and sham-tDCS coupled with RAM treatment in separate conditions in a double-blind design...
April 17, 2024: Brain Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeynep Z Sonkaya, Bilgin Özturk, Rıza Sonkaya, Esra Taskiran, Ömer Karadas
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the chronic and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). It generally affects motor, sensory, cerebellar, cognitive, and language functions. It is thought that identifying MS speech disorders using quantitative methods will make a significant contribution to physicians in the diagnosis and follow-up of MS patients. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the speech disorders of MS via objective speech analysis techniques. The study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with MS according to McDonald's 2017 criteria and 20 healthy volunteers without any speech or voice pathology...
April 16, 2024: Brain Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guan Wang, Lian Ma, Lili Wang, Weiguo Pang
OBJECTIVE: The neural basis of threat perception has mostly been examined separately for social or physical threats. However, most of the threats encountered in everyday life are complex. The features of interactions between social and physiological threats under different attentional conditions are unclear. METHOD: The present study explores this issue using an attention-guided paradigm based on ERP techniques. The screen displays social threats (face threats) and physical threats (action threats), instructing participants to concentrate on only one type of threat, thereby exploring brain activation characteristics...
April 9, 2024: Brain Sciences
#54
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chukwueloka Hezekiah, Alexandra I Blakemore, Daniel P Bailey, Raha Pazoki
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is modulated by genetic variants. This study aimed to assess the effect of obesity genetic liability and physical activity on hypertension among European and African ancestry individuals within the UK Biobank (UKB). Participants were 230 115 individuals of European ancestry and 3239 individuals of African ancestry from UKB. Genetic liability for obesity were estimated using previously published data including genetic variants and effect sizes for body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) using Plink software...
May 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qurat-Ul-Ain Mastoi, Ali Alqahtani, Sultan Almakdi, Adel Sulaiman, Adel Rajab, Asadullah Shaikh, Samar M Alqhtani
The abnormal heart conduction, known as arrhythmia, can contribute to cardiac diseases that carry the risk of fatal consequences. Healthcare professionals typically use electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and certain preliminary tests to identify abnormal patterns in a patient's cardiac activity. To assess the overall cardiac health condition, cardiac specialists monitor these activities separately. This procedure may be arduous and time-intensive, potentially impacting the patient's well-being. This study automates and introduces a novel solution for predicting the cardiac health conditions, specifically identifying cardiac morbidity and arrhythmia in patients by using invasive and non-invasive measurements...
April 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie R Kollin, Kim L Gratz, Aaron A Lee
Suboptimal disease self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes is associated with greater risk of diabetes related health complications and mortality. Emotional distress has been linked with poor diabetes self-management; however, few studies have examined the role of emotion dysregulation in diabetes management. The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between different facets of emotion dysregulation and diabetes self-management behaviors among a sample of 373 adults with type 2 diabetes...
April 26, 2024: Journal of Behavioral Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
B C Hiesmayr, W Krzemień, M Bała
In medical applications-such as positron emission tomography (PET)-511 keV photons that experience Compton scattering are studied. We present a consistent framework based on quantum error-correction channels-intensively studied in quantum computing-to fully describe the quantum information-theoretic content of high energetic photons undergoing Compton scattering, characterized by the Klein-Nishina formula in unoriented matter. In this way, we can predict the expected spatial distribution of two or more, pure or mixed, polarization entangled or separable photons...
April 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cathalijn H C Leenaars, Frans R Stafleu, Christine Häger, Hendrik Nieraad, André Bleich
The nasal potential difference test (nPD) is an electrophysiological measurement which is altered in patients and animal models with cystic fibrosis (CF). Because protocols and outcomes vary substantially between laboratories, there are concerns over its validity and precision. We performed a systematic literature review (SR) of the nPD to answer the following review questions: A. Is the nasal potential difference similarly affected in CF patients and animal models?", and B. "Is the nPD in human patients and animal models of CF similarly affected by various changes in the experimental set-up?"...
April 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chenglong Yang, Xiuwen Ban, Mingqiang Zhou, Yu Zhou, Kai Luo, Xiaoyu Yang, Zhifang Li, Fanzhi Liu, Qing Li, Yahong Luo, Xiang Zhou, Jing Lei, Peilin Long, Jian Wang, Jianchun Guo
Coix lacryma-jobi L. is one of the most economically and medicinally important corns. This study constructed a high-density genetic linkage map of C. lacryma-jobi based on a cross between the parents 'Qianyi No. 2' × 'Wenyi No. 2' and their F2 progeny through high-throughput sequencing and the construction of a specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) library. After pre-processing, 325.49 GB of raw data containing 1628 M reads were obtained. A total of 22,944 high-quality SLAFs were identified, among which 3952 SLAFs and 3646 polymorphic markers met the requirements for the construction of a genetic linkage map...
April 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
#60
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhishan Chen, Xingyi Guo, Ran Tao, Jeroen R Huyghe, Philip J Law, Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla, Jie Ping, Guochong Jia, Jirong Long, Chao Li, Quanhu Shen, Yuhan Xie, Maria N Timofeeva, Minta Thomas, Stephanie L Schmit, Virginia Díez-Obrero, Matthew Devall, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Claire Palles, Kitty Sherwood, Sarah E W Briggs, Victoria Svinti, Kevin Donnelly, Susan M Farrington, James Blackmur, Peter G Vaughan-Shaw, Xiao-Ou Shu, Yingchang Lu, Peter Broderick, James Studd, Tabitha A Harrison, David V Conti, Fredrick R Schumacher, Marilena Melas, Gad Rennert, Mireia Obón-Santacana, Vicente Martín-Sánchez, Jae Hwan Oh, Jeongseon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kim, Isao Oze, Wanqing Wen, Keitaro Matsuo, Koichi Matsuda, Chizu Tanikawa, Zefang Ren, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei-Hua Jia, John L Hopper, Mark A Jenkins, Aung Ko Win, Rish K Pai, Jane C Figueiredo, Robert W Haile, Steven Gallinger, Michael O Woods, Polly A Newcomb, David Duggan, Jeremy P Cheadle, Richard Kaplan, Rachel Kerr, David Kerr, Iva Kirac, Jan Böhm, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Pekka Jousilahti, Paul Knekt, Lauri A Aaltonen, Harri Rissanen, Eero Pukkala, Johan G Eriksson, Tatiana Cajuso, Ulrika Hänninen, Johanna Kondelin, Kimmo Palin, Tomas Tanskanen, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, Satu Männistö, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie J Weinstein, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Julie R Palmer, Daniel D Buchanan, Elizabeth A Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Cornelia M Ulrich, Erin Siegel, Stefanie Brezina, Andrea Gsur, Peter T Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Martha L Slattery, John D Potter, Kostas K Tsilidis, Matthias B Schulze, Marc J Gunter, Neil Murphy, Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellví-Bel, Leticia Moreira, Volker Arndt, Anna Shcherbina, D Timothy Bishop, Graham G Giles, Melissa C Southey, Gregory E Idos, Kevin J McDonnell, Zomoroda Abu-Ful, Joel K Greenson, Katerina Shulman, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Kenneth Offit, Yu-Ru Su, Robert Steinfelder, Temitope O Keku, Bethany van Guelpen, Thomas J Hudson, Heather Hampel, Rachel Pearlman, Sonja I Berndt, Richard B Hayes, Marie Elena Martinez, Sushma S Thomas, Paul D P Pharoah, Susanna C Larsson, Yun Yen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Emily White, Li Li, Kimberly F Doheny, Elizabeth Pugh, Tameka Shelford, Andrew T Chan, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Annika Lindblom, David J Hunter, Amit D Joshi, Clemens Schafmayer, Peter C Scacheri, Anshul Kundaje, Robert E Schoen, Jochen Hampe, Zsofia K Stadler, Pavel Vodicka, Ludmila Vodickova, Veronika Vymetalkova, Christopher K Edlund, W James Gauderman, David Shibata, Amanda Toland, Sanford Markowitz, Andre Kim, Stephen J Chanock, Franzel van Duijnhoven, Edith J M Feskens, Lori C Sakoda, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Alicja Wolk, Barbara Pardini, Liesel M FitzGerald, Soo Chin Lee, Shuji Ogino, Stephanie A Bien, Charles Kooperberg, Christopher I Li, Yi Lin, Ross Prentice, Conghui Qu, Stéphane Bézieau, Taiki Yamaji, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Loic Le Marchand, Anna H Wu, Chenxu Qu, Caroline E McNeil, Gerhard Coetzee, Caroline Hayward, Ian J Deary, Sarah E Harris, Evropi Theodoratou, Stuart Reid, Marion Walker, Li Yin Ooi, Ken S Lau, Hongyu Zhao, Li Hsu, Qiuyin Cai, Malcolm G Dunlop, Stephen B Gruber, Richard S Houlston, Victor Moreno, Graham Casey, Ulrike Peters, Ian Tomlinson, Wei Zheng
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. Our stepwise conditional analyses revealed 238 independent association signals of CRC risk, each with a set of credible causal variants (CCVs), of which 28 signals had a single CCV...
April 26, 2024: Nature Communications
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