Arterial spin labelling

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of foot muscle amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) contrast and tissue rest perfusion in quantifying diabetic foot (DF) infection and its correlation with blood parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With approval from an ethical review board, this study included 40 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with DF and 31 DM patients without DF or other lower extremity arterial disease. All subjects underwent MRI, which included foot sagittal APTw and coronal arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging...

BACKGROUND: Paired cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement is usually acquired before and after vasoactive stimulus to estimate cerebrovascular reserve (CVR). However, CVR may be confounded because of variations in time-to-maximum CBF response (tmax) following acetazolamide injection. With a mathematical model, CVR can be calculated insensitive to variations in tmax, and a model offers the possibility to calculate additional model-derived parameters. A model that describes the temporal CBF response following a vasodilating acetazolamide injection is proposed and evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Quantitative transport mapping (QTM) of blood velocity, based on the transport equation has been demonstrated higher accuracy and sensitivity of perfusion quantification than the traditional Kety's method-based blood flow (Kety flow). This study aimed to investigate the associations between QTM velocity and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using multiple post-labeling delay arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI. METHODS: A total of 128 subjects (21 normal controls (NC), 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 27 AD) were recruited prospectively...

PURPOSE: Conventional contrast-enhanced MRI is currently the primary imaging technique used to evaluate radiation treatment response in meningiomas. However, newer perfusion-weighted MRI techniques, such as 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) MRI, capture physiologic information beyond the structural information provided by conventional MRI and may provide additional complementary treatment response information. The purpose of this study is to assess 3D pCASL for the evaluation of radiation-treated meningiomas...

Arterial spin labelling (ASL), an MRI sequence non-invasively imaging brain perfusion, has yielded promising results in the presurgical workup of children with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)-related epilepsy. However, the interpretation of ASL-derived perfusion patterns remains unclear. Hence, we compared ASL qualitative and quantitative findings to their clinical, EEG, and MRI counterparts. We included children with focal structural epilepsy related to an MRI-detectable FCD who underwent single delay pseudo-continuous ASL...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of stent implantation for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis，by using 3D arterial spin labeling (3D ASL) technique. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and 3D ASL data of 48 patients who underwent vertebral-basilar artery stenting. Post-labeling delay times (PLD) of 1.5 s and 2.5 s were chosen, and the average regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values were measured in nine brain regions of the posterior circulation: bilateral thalamus, bilateral occipital lobes, bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, midbrain, pons, and medulla...

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that both amyloid-β metabolism disorders in the liver and cerebral hypoperfusion play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relevance of liver function alterations to cerebral blood flow (CBF) of patients with AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the associations between liver function changes and CBF of patients with AD. METHODS: We recruited 17 patients with sporadic AD...

BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of kidney transplants is often influenced by various factors, among which renal allograft rejection is the most notable factor. A noninvasive and reliable imaging biomarker correlating with kidney function and histopathology would facilitate longitudinal long-term follow-up of renal allografts. The aim of the study is to investigate the value of arterial spin labeling (ASL) combined with T1 mapping for assessing kidney function in patients with long-term renal transplant survival, and to establish radiological and histopathologic correlations between the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements and kidney allograft biopsy findings...

BACKGROUND: The fasting-postprandial state remains an underrecognized confounding factor for quantifying cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the cognitive assessment and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of fasting-postprandial state on arterial spin labeling (ASL)-based CBF in AD patients. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. SUBJECTS: Ninety-two subjects (mean age = 62...

Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI plays a pivotal role in the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of several neurovascular diseases, but is limited by its reliance on gadolinium, an intravascularly injected chelated metal. Here, we determined the feasibility of measuring perfusion using a DSC analysis of breath-hold-induced gradient-echo-MRI signal changes. We acquired data at both 3 T and 7 T from ten healthy participants who engaged in eight consecutive breath-holds. By pairing a novel arterial input function strategy with a standard DSC MRI analysis, we measured the cerebral blood volume, flow, and transit delay, and found values to agree with those documented in the literature using gadolinium...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop novel non-contrast MR perfusion techniques for assessing micro-vascularity of the foot in human subjects. METHODS: All experiments were performed on a clinical 3 T scanner using arterial spin labeling (ASL). Seven healthy subjects (30-72 years old, 5 males and 2 females) were enrolled and bilateral feet were imaged with tag-on and tag-off alternating inversion recovery spin labeling for determining micro-vascularity...

We reviewed 33 original research studies assessing brain perfusion, using consensus guidelines from a "white paper" issued by the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Perfusion Study Group and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action BM1103 ("Arterial Spin Labelling Initiative in Dementia"; https://www.cost.eu/actions/BM1103/ ). The studies were published between 2011 and 2023 and included participants with subjective cognitive decline plus; neurocognitive disorders, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI); as well as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar and major depressive disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder...

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition with a complex aetiology and different outcomes, where haemodynamic dysfunction, renal hypoperfusion and inflammation serve as key contributors to its development and progression. Early and accurate diagnosis is vital for initiating targeted treatments like fluid resuscitation, vasoactive agents or steroid therapy, which are essential for improving patient outcomes. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI assesses both capillary perfusion and tissue water diffusion, while arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI measures renal blood flow without the need for contrast...

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the velocity-selective (VS) MRA with different VS labeling modules, including double refocused hyperbolic tangent, eight-segment B1-insensitive rotation, delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation, Fourier transform-based VS saturation, and Fourier transform-based inversion. METHODS: These five VS labeling modules were evaluated first through Bloch simulations, and then using VSMRA directly on various cerebral arteries of healthy subjects...

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have been found to have changes in cerebral perfusion and overlap of some of the lesioned brain areas. However, a consensus regarding the specific location and diagnostic significance of these cerebral blood perfusion alternations remains elusive in both iRBD and PD. The present study evaluated the patterns of cerebral blood flow changes in iRBD and PD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 59 right-handed subjects were enrolled, including 15 patients with iRBD, 20 patients with PD, and 24 healthy controls (HC)...

OBJECTIVE: Perfusion MRI is of great benefit in the post-treatment evaluation of brain tumors. Interestingly, dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion has taken its place in routine examination for this purpose. The use of arterial spin labeling (ASL), a perfusion technique that does not require exogenous contrast material injection, has gained popularity in recent years. The aim of the study was to compare two different perfusion techniques, ASL and DSC, using qualitative and quantitative measurements and to investigate the diagnostic effectiveness of both...

PURPOSE: To determine the usefulness of multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) quantitative imaging in characterizing the kidneys in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-six SSc patients (47.9 ± 12.8 years, 40 females) and 22 age- and sex- matched healthy volunteers (46.1 ± 13.8 years, 20 females) were recruited and underwent renal MR imaging by acquiring blood oxygen level dependent and saturated multi-delay renal arterial spin labeling (SAMURAI) sequences...

Increased blood-brain barrier permeability (BBBP) after ischemic stroke predisposes patients to hemorrhagic conversion. While altered BBBP can impact patient recovery, it is not routinely assessed during the workup of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We study the effectiveness of the non-contrast MRI sequences diffusion-prepared pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (DP-pCASL) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) in assessing BBBP and correlating to tissue microstructure after ischemic insult...

Cognitive impairment in focal cerebellar disorders has been widely recognized and is described as cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS). However, the relationship between CCAS and crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis (CCD) has rarely been discussed. The present report describes the uncommon phenomenon of CCD in two cases with isolated cerebellar infarction, and discuss its contribution to cognitive impairment. Cognitive performance was examined using the CCAS scale and a battery of neuropsychological assessments...

Atherosclerosis can underly internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS), a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, as well as small vessel disease (SVD). This study aimed to investigate hemodynamics and structural alterations associated with SVD in ICAS patients. 28 patients with unilateral asymptomatic ICAS and 30 age-matched controls underwent structural (T1-/T2-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]) and hemodynamic (pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast) magnetic resonance imaging...