microbiota AND ("intensive care unit" OR ICU)

The effectiveness of probiotics in reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis has been supported by a very large number of studies. However, the utilization of probiotics in preterm infants remains a topic of debate. This study aims to assess the rate of probiotic use in European neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), compare administration protocols, and identify barriers and concerns associated with probiotic use. An online questionnaire was distributed via email to European NICUs between October 2020 and June 2021...

Sequence variation in the 16S gene is widely used to characterize diverse microbial communities. This was the first pilot study carried out in our region where the pulmonary microbiota of critically ill patients was investigated and analyzed, with the aim of finding a specific profile for these patients that can be used as a diagnostic marker. An study of critical patients mechanically ventilated for non-respiratory indications, in a polyvalent intensive care unit, was carried out; samplee were extracted by endotracheal aspiration and subsequently the microbiota was characterized through Next-Generation Sequencing Technology (NGS)...

BACKGROUND: Microbial communities are of critical importance in the human host. The lung and gut microbial communities represent the most essential microbiota within the human body, collectively referred to as the gut-lung axis. However, the differentiation between these communities and their influence on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients remains uncertain. METHODS: An observational cohort study was obtained in the intensive care unit (ICU) of an affiliated university hospital...

BACKGROUND: There is limited understanding of alteration of gut microbiota and metabolome in children with sepsis/septic shock. METHODS: In this prospective observational study carried out in a pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care center from 2020 to 2022, patients aged <17 years with sepsis/septic shock and healthy children (HC) were enrolled. We characterized the gut bacterial compositions by metagenome sequencing and metabolomes by untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry...

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to comprehensively investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolites levels in very low or extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants with white matter injury (WMI). METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, preterm infants with gestational age < 32 weeks and weight < 1.5 kg were investigated. Additionally, fecal samples were collected on days zero, 14d and 28d after admission to the intensive care unit...

Complex microbial ecosystems in both gastrointestinal and respiratory systems have been found to have a significant impact on human health. Growing evidence has demonstrated that intestinal dysbiosis can increase vulnerability to pulmonary infections. However, changes in the composition and activity of the intestinal flora after probiotic supplementation may alter the disease state of the host. The effects of probiotics on the improvement of diseases, such as severe pneumonia (SP), in intensive care units (ICUs) remain controversial...

INTRODUCTION: Common critical illnesses are a growing economic burden on healthcare worldwide. However, therapies targeting the gut microbiota for critical illnesses have not been developed on a large scale. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the characteristics of the gut microbiota in critically ill children after short-term pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) treatments. METHODS: Anal swab samples were prospectively collected from March 2021 to March 2022 from children admitted to the PICU of Xinhua Hospital who received broad-spectrum antibiotics on days 1 (the D1 group) and 7 (the D7 group) of the PICU treatment...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis-associated muscle weakness is common in patients of intensive care units (ICUs), and it is closely associated with poor outcomes. The mechanism of sepsis-induced muscle weakness is unclear. Recent studies have found that gut microbiota and metabolites are involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on sepsis-associated muscle weakness. METHODS: In a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation mouse model, mice with different sensitivities to LPS-induced inflammation were considered as donor mice for the faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) assay, and recipient mice were divided into sensitive (Sen) and resistant (Res) groups...

BACKGROUND Neonatal gut diversity is influenced by birth conditions and probiotic/antibiotic use. The gut microbiota affects brain development, immunity, and risk of diseases. Preterm infants, especially in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), have different gut flora from full-term infants, suggesting in utero microbial colonization. This study examined gut microbiota changes in 92 NICU preterm infants in China. MATERIAL AND METHODS We collected data on 92 preterm infants admitted to the NICU immediately after birth, and fecal samples were collected on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60...

BACKGROUND: Aspiration pneumonia is a common and severe clinical condition. The microbiome present in the lower respiratory tract plays a crucial role in regulating human inflammatory response. However, the relationship between the altered lower respiratory tract microbiome and inflammation in aspiration pneumonia remains inadequately explored. PURPOSE: To investigate the alteration of the lower respiratory tract microbiome in severe aspiration pneumonia patients and explore the potential correlation between microbiome components and inflammatory response...

Fungi exhibit three adverse effects on human health: inflammatory, allergic and toxic effects, these implications affect mainly immunodepressed patients. The objective of this work was to analyze the fungal microbiota of the ambient air of an Intensive Care Unit. Three collections were carried out in an Intensive Care Unit in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Western Amazon, Brazil from March to May 2017. 126 Petri dishes were exposed with the culture medium Agar Sabouraud with chloramphenicol and Agar Mycosel, considering the distribution of the 21 air conditioners, split residential model...

Skin microbiome dysbiosis has deleterious effects, and the factors influencing burn scar formation, which affects the scar microbiome composition, are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of various factors influencing scar formation on the scar microbiome composition in patients with burns. We collected samples from the burn scar center and margin of 40 patients with burns, subgrouped by factors influencing scar formation. Scar microbiome composition-influencing factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses...

Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is very common in critically ill patients, and its severity is positively correlated with mortality. Critically ill patients with digestive and absorption dysfunction caused by AGI face higher nutritional risks, making nutritional support particularly important. Early enteral nutrition (EN) support is extremely important because it can promote the recovery of intestinal function, protect the intestinal mucosal barrier, reduce microbiota translocation, reduce postoperative complications, shorten hospital stay, and improve clinical prognosis...

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum (OAC) has an immune-stimulating effect on oropharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue, and can promote the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract. However, how OAC promotes intestinal maturation in preterm infants by altering gut microbiota remains unclear. We aim to assess changes in gut microbiota and metabolites after OAC in very preterm infants. METHODS: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial will be conducted in three large neonatal intensive care units in Shenzhen, China, with preterm infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks at birth and birth weight less than 1500 g...

Staphylococcus capitis is a frequent cause of late-onset sepsis in neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). One clone of S. capitis , NRCS-A has been isolated from NICUs globally although the reasons for the global success of this clone are not well understood.We analysed a collection of S. capitis colonising babies admitted to two NICUs, one in the UK and one in Germany as well as corresponding pathological clinical isolates. Genome analysis identified a population structure of three groups; non-NRCS-A isolates, NRCS-A isolates, and a group of 'proto NRCS-A' - isolates closely related to NRCS-A but not associated with neonatal infection...

BACKGROUND: Acquisition of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CP-CRE) are associated with negative health outcomes. Our adult intensive care unit (ICU) population has experienced low levels of CP-CRE acquisition; however, specific risk factors for this population at our medical facility have not been studied. AIMS: To identify risk factors of CP-CRE acquisition and describe CP-CRE epidemiology among adult ICU patients at our medical facility...

BACKGROUND: The gastrointestinal tract contains a massive microbiota, and targeting the gut could be a potential intervention for sepsis. However, the interaction between sepsis and the intestinal microbiota is defined as an "incompletely understood bidirectional relationship". METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study investigated the fecal microbiota of sepsis patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China, from May 2019 to January 2020...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent nosocomial infection in critically ill-ventilated patients. Oropharyngeal and lung microbiota have been demonstrated to be associated with VAP occurrence, but the involvement of gut microbiota has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the composition of the gut microbiota between patients who subsequently develop VAP and those who do not. A rectal swab was performed at admission of every consecutive patient into the intensive care unit (ICU) from October 2019 to March 2020...

BACKGROUND: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an epidemic with the strongest risk factor being antibiotic usage. Patients who get CDI frequently require concomitant antibiotics for other indications around the time of their infection. AIMS: To assess the recurrence of CDI (rCDI) in patients receiving concomitant antibiotics at the same time or shortly thereafter treatment of CDI. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed records for patients with their first inpatient CDI episode...

BACKGROUND: There is a growing body of evidence that suggests a connection between the composition of gut microbiota and sepsis. However, more research is needed to better understand the causal relationship between the two. To gain a deeper insight into the association between gut microbiota, C-reactive protein (CRP), and sepsis, we conducted several Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS: In this study, publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics were examined to determine the correlation between gut microbiota and sepsis, including various sepsis subgroups (such as under 75, 28-day death, Critical Care Units (ICU), 28-day death in ICU)...