Abdomen Fat Loss

BACKGROUND: Nonsurgical fat reduction procedures using cryolipolysis and radiofrequency are among the most popular noninvasive aesthetic procedures. In a previous study, TransFORM Body Treatment (TFB) with TriHex Technology® (ALASTIN® Skincare) improved the contour and reduced skin laxity following cryolipolysis of the arms. This product is formulated using a combination of peptides and other active ingredients designed to stimulate the autophagic breakdown of lipid droplets and expedite the apoptotic process after fat reduction procedures...

BACKGROUND: Blepharoplasty alone cannot completely correct deep infraorbital grooves because of its limited ability to improve anatomical volume loss. As the concept of resolving periorbital fat atrophy to improve the infraorbital groove was introduced, several methods to properly fill the groove have been attempted. The purpose of this study was to present a new technique, involving the use of autologous fat from periorbital compartments, for infraorbital groove correction after lower blepharoplasty...

A 49-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of gradual onset progressively worsening left upper quadrant pain. Ten months prior, he had a laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) for severe gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and obesity. On examination, his abdomen was not distended and was soft to palpation. The haemoglobin, white cell count, liver function test, lipase and lactate were normal. An abdominal CT scan demonstrated swirl sign. Given the suspicion of internal herniation, laparoscopy was performed demonstrating only partial closure of the jejuno-jejunal mesodefect resulting in herniation of the small bowel alimentary limb...

The ketogenic diet, a diet high in fat and extremely low in carbohydrates, has recently gained momentum and is increasingly employed by patients in order to lose weight. We report a case of an otherwise healthy 47-year-old male who developed seizures and hypoglycemia shortly after initiating this diet. Biochemical testing confirmed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and a subsequent abdomen MRI showed a pancreatic mass. The tumor was ultimately excised with pathology confirming an insulinoma. It was felt that his abrupt decrease in carbohydrate consumption led to the rapid unmasking of this tumor...

Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a typical complication after total laryngectomy. It is managed predominantly via conservative techniques, but in cases of a large orifice or a substantial loss of surrounding soft tissue, surgical management is mandatory. Our aim was to apply a new endoscopic surgical approach for closure of a pharyngocutaneous fistula. We report a case of a 61-year-old patient, who had been subjected to total laryngectomy with partial resection of tongue base and postoperative radiotherapy for advanced laryngeal carcinoma...

Correct scaling of body and organ size is crucial for proper development and survival of all organisms. Perturbations in circulating hormones, including insulins and steroids, are largely responsible for changing body size in response to both genetic and environmental factors. Such perturbations typically produce adults whose organs and appendages scale proportionately with final size. The identity of additional factors that might contribute to scaling of organs and appendages with body size is unknown. Here we report that loss-of-function mutations in Drosophila Activinβ (Actβ) , a member of the TGF-β superfamily, lead to production of small larvae/pupae and undersized rare adult escapers...

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat transfer has been widely used in breast augment surgery. The breast fat graft is different form facial, it needs megavolume grafts. However, most Asian women are thin, who often encounter the fat resource insufficiency during breast augmentation. In fact, some processing methods do contribute to great loss of potential fat that could have been grafted. How to choose a best processing method to achieve optimal transfer in patients with insufficient fat resources is fairly important...

Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) constitutes 40-50% of breast cancer in developing countries. Large soft tissue defects after mastectomy often require some additional cover. The primary aim of reconstruction in this group should be an expeditious and simple closure with good-quality skin cover, early recovery, and short hospital stay so that the patients can receive early post-operative radio-chemotherapy. Thoracoabdominal (TA) flap is a type-c fasciocutaneous flap and the skin and fat of the upper abdomen are used, based on medial or lateral perforating vessels...

BACKGROUND Duodenal compression between the superior mesenteric vessels and aorta or its branches is a rare disease in which the angle between the superior mesenteric vessels and aorta becomes acute, resulting in duodenal obstruction. Reduction in retroperitoneal fat due to several debilitating conditions is considered to be the cause of the decreased angle between the 2 vessels. Nutcracker phenomenon is the asymptomatic compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery...

Olfaction contributes to many crucial behaviors in insects, such as foraging, locating hosts, mating, and avoiding predators. In the first step of the olfaction process in insects, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) bind with the odorants and transport hydrophobic odorants. OBPs are also believed to accelerate the termination of the odorant response. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is one of the most destructive fruit-eating pests, causing enormous economic losses to the fruit and vegetable industry worldwide...

PURPOSE: Hypokinesia is the fourth cause of endemic death in the world. The prevalence of obesity, caused by hypokinesia, in the world continues to increase and it is the main risk factor of chronic diseases. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of curves program and High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) in healthy women. METHODS: The study design is a non-randomized clinical trial. Eighty women with age between 30 to 40 years (who train 3/4 times a week) participated over a period of six months...

Rice porridge containing Allium fistulosum (Welsh onion) root water extract (RAFR) has anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. We examined whether the long-term administration of rice porridge with RAFR would prevent or delay the progression of osteoarthritis and menopausal symptoms in estrogen-deficient animals by ovariectomy. The rats consumed 40% fat energy diets containing 250 mg RAFR (rice: Allium fistulosum root = 13:1)/kg body weight (bw) (OVX-OA-RAFR-Low), 750 mg RAFR/kg bw (OVX-OA-RAFR-High) and 750 mg starch and protein/kg bw(OVX), respectively...

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare clinical entity characterized by the compression of third part of the duodenum between the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta due to loss of intervening mesenteric fat pad. This article reports a case of a patient operated for tubercular intestinal perforation following which she developed postprandial abdominal pain and recurrent vomiting in the postoperative period. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of abdomen was done which showed gastric dilatation extending till the third part of duodenum with decreased aorto-mesenteric angle, compatible with the diagnosis of SMA syndrome...

BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) originate from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems, and they are rarely encountered in colorectal cases with no specific symptoms. The incidence and prevalence of NENs of the large bowel are increasing. Malignant colonic types are known to have poor diagnosis. The mean age of colonic NENs is the seventh decade, and the risk of NENs is increased 4-fold with affected first-degree family members. CASE REPORT A 57-year-old male patient presented to our Emergency Department with a 5-day history of severe generalized abdominal pain associated with worsening abdominal distension, history of night sweats, and weight loss...

The purpose of this review article is to acquaint the reader with the current state of the art for the noncardiovascular imaging biomarkers of metabolic syndrome found on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) of the chest and their prognostic significance. Routine chest NCCT includes quantitative information with regard to tissue density and organ volumes in the neck, chest, and upper abdomen. The specific imaging biomarkers that may be seen in association with metabolic syndrome include low thyroid iodine organification, hepatic steatosis, sarcopenia (muscle volume and density), demineralization of the thoracic and upper lumbar vertebral bodies, loss of axial skeletal muscle mass, premature lung inflammation, and an increased deposition of subcutaneous and visceral fat...

A 62-year-old man presented to the emergency department with 5 weeks of worsening lower abdominal pain associated with watery diarrhoea, vomiting and 10% loss of body weight. He had recently experienced night blindness. There was no history of foreign travel. His past medical history included hypertension, sickle cell trait and type 2 diabetes well controlled on metformin. He had not been prescribed any recent steroids and denied significant alcohol intake. On examination, he had a tachycardia at 110 bpm and was afebrile and normotensive...

An earlier incorrect version appeared online. This article was corrected on December 17, 2018.

BACKGROUND: Acquired partial lipodystrophy (APL) is characterized by the gradual symmetrical loss of subcutaneous fat starting from the face, spreading towards the upper part of the body and sparing the lower extremities. OBJECTIVE: We report a 33- year-old woman with facial lipodystrophy, loss of buccal fat pads, and breast fat tissue. The subcutaneous fat was preserved in other anatomic regions, and we noted some excess of fat accumulation in the lower abdomen and thighs...

A 42-year-old man with multiple sclerosis presented with recurrent vomiting, in the context of recent weight loss. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed duodenal compression by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), consistent with intermittent SMA syndrome. Subsequent gastroscopy and barium meal follow-through showed resolution of the obstruction. SMA syndrome is rare and has not previously been reported in a patient with multiple sclerosis. We hypothesize that loss of the aortomesenteric fat pad on the background of contorted body habitus from multiple sclerosis placed the patient at risk for intermittent positional compression of his duodenum...

Background: Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) is a rare autosomal dominant disease caused by heterozygous mutations in the LMNA gene that results in regional loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue with onset in puberty. However, a generalized lipodystrophy phenotype has also been associated with heterozygous mutations in this gene, demonstrating the noticeable phenotypic heterogeneity of this disease. Methods: We report and describe clinical and metabolic features of four patients from the same family with the p...