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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Du, Xiao Chun Chen, Xiao Ming Zeng, Ke Yu Li, Zheng Wei Wu, Run Hua Yi
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a perennial crop of the family Euphorbiaceae, widely cultivated due to its phytopharmacological and economic values in China. In November 2022, a leaf spot disease on cassava was observed in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China (21.17° N, 110.18° E), with 100% disease incidence. About 80 % of leaves were covered with spots on the infected plants. Typical symptoms initially appeared as irregular water-soaked lesions that became brown and whitish with the progress of the disease, lesions gradually expanded and coalesced, causing leaf withering, drying and final fall...
May 8, 2024: Plant Disease
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Hua, Rui Hongbing, Xue Juan, Liu Jizan, Yang Beibei
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the role of TNF-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) and their influence on pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: Transfection of HEK293T cells and AMs with plasmids carrying TNFAIP3 and C/EBPβ was performed, followed by co-culturing AMs with pulmonary fibroblasts. Immunoblotting analysis was then utilized to assess the expression of TNFAIP3, C/EBPβ, and collagen type 1 (Col1)...
May 2024: International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenfang Yan, Jingying Xie, Zhengyang Hou, Yaxin Zhang, Jiayu Yue, Xiangbo Zhang, Lei Chen, Yanmei Yang, Xiangrong Li, Huixia Li, Ruofei Feng
Natural immunity is the first defense line of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in combating foreign pathogenic microorganisms. The IFN-β (interferon-beta) signaling pathway, being a typical example of innate immunity, plays a vital function. This study aimed to elucidate the function of pseudorabies virus (PRV) UL38 protein (unique long region 38) in suppressing the activation of the IFN-β signaling pathway. The findings from our study indicate that the PRV UL38 protein effectively hampers the activation of IFN-β by poly (dA: dT) (poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic)) and 2'3'-cGAMP (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP)...
May 8, 2024: Virology Journal
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benicio Gonzalo Acosta-Enriquez, Marco Agustín Arbulú Ballesteros, Olger Huamaní Jordan, Carlos López Roca, Karina Saavedra Tirado
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has increased worldwide. The launch of the ChatGPT-3 posed great challenges for higher education, given its popularity among university students. The present study aimed to analyze the attitudes of university students toward the use of ChatGPTs in their academic activities. METHOD: This study was oriented toward a quantitative approach and had a nonexperimental design. An online survey was administered to the 499 participants...
May 8, 2024: BMC Psychology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Likun Zhao, Ruoyi Xiao, Shanfeng Zhang, Chao Zhang, Feng Zhang
BACKGROUND: Karst caves serve as natural laboratories, providing organisms with extreme and constant conditions that promote isolation, resulting in a genetic relationship and living environment that is significantly different from those outside the cave. However, research on cave creatures, especially Opiliones, remains scarce, with most studies focused on water, soil, and cave sediments. RESULTS: The structure of symbiotic bacteria in different caves were compared, revealing significant differences...
May 8, 2024: BMC ecology and evolution
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine F Roberts, Yiwei Cao, Wonpil Im, Robert A Nichols, Ronald J Lukas, Andrew A George
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Oligomeric amyloid β 1-42 (oAβ1-42 ) exhibits agonist-like action at human α7- and α7β2-containing nicotinic receptors. The N-terminal amyloid β1-15 fragment (N-Aβ fragment) modulates presynaptic calcium and enhances hippocampal-based synaptic plasticity via α7-containing nicotinic receptors. Further, the N-Aβ fragment and its core sequence, the N-amyloid-beta core hexapeptide (N-Aβcore), protect against oAβ1-42 -associated synapto- and neurotoxicity...
May 8, 2024: British Journal of Pharmacology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeriy Pokhylko, Yuliia Cherniavska, Liliia Fishchuk, Zoia Rossokha, Olena Popova, Viktoriia Vershyhora, Olena Ievseienkova, Halyna Soloviova, Liudmyla Zhuk, Nataliia Gorovenko
BACKGROUND: The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 plays an important role in severe COVID-19. A change in IL-1 production may be associated with a mutation in the IL1Β gene. Our study analyzed the impact of the IL1Β gene variants (rs1143634) on disease progression in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, taking into account treatment strategies. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study enrolled 117 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The IL1Β gene variants were identified using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method...
May 8, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathew Seymour, Tomas Roslin, Jeremy R deWaard, Kate H J Perez, Michelle L D'Souza, Sujeevan Ratnasingham, Muhammad Ashfaq, Valerie Levesque-Beaudin, Gergin A Blagoev, Belén Bukowski, Peter Cale, Denise Crosbie, Thibaud Decaëns, Stephanie L deWaard, Torbjørn Ekrem, Hosam O El-Ansary, Fidèle Evouna Ondo, David Fraser, Matthias F Geiger, Mehrdad Hajibabaei, Winnie Hallwachs, Priscila E Hanisch, Axel Hausmann, Mark Heath, Ian D Hogg, Daniel H Janzen, Margaret Kinnaird, Joshua R Kohn, Maxim Larrivée, David C Lees, Virginia León-Règagnon, Michael Liddell, Darío A Lijtmaer, Tatsiana Lipinskaya, Sean A Locke, Ramya Manjunath, Dino J Martins, Marlúcia B Martins, Santosh Mazumdar, Jaclyn T A McKeown, Kristina Anderson-Teixeria, Scott E Miller, Megan A Milton, Renee Miskie, Jérôme Morinière, Marko Mutanen, Suresh Naik, Becky Nichols, Felipe A Noguera, Vojtech Novotny, Lyubomir Penev, Mikko Pentinsaari, Jenna Quinn, Leah Ramsay, Regina Rochefort, Stefan Schmidt, M Alex Smith, Crystal N Sobel, Panu Somervuo, Jayme E Sones, Hermann S Staude, Brianne St Jaques, Elisabeth Stur, Angela C Telfer, Pablo L Tubaro, Tim J Wardlaw, Robyn Worcester, Zhaofu Yang, Monica R Young, Tyler Zemlak, Evgeny V Zakharov, Bradley Zlotnick, Otso Ovaskainen, Paul D N Hebert
Global biodiversity gradients are generally expected to reflect greater species replacement closer to the equator. However, empirical validation of global biodiversity gradients largely relies on vertebrates, plants, and other less diverse taxa. Here we assess the temporal and spatial dynamics of global arthropod biodiversity dynamics using a beta-diversity framework. Sampling includes 129 sampling sites whereby malaise traps are deployed to monitor temporal changes in arthropod communities. Overall, we encountered more than 150,000 unique barcode index numbers (BINs) (i...
May 8, 2024: Communications Biology
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noor Hassan Abdulrudha, Shaymaa Awad Kadhim
Thematological is a class of hereditary hematologic illnesses resulting from abnormalities in the production of one or more hemoglobin chains. Patients with β-Thematological may have a reduction in heavy metal levels as a result of iron chelate medication. The aim is to study the levels of heavy metals (toxic) in the blood of beta-Thematological patients and compare them to healthy people for the purpose of arriving at indicators through which it is possible to assist in early diagnosis of this disease or reduce symptoms...
May 8, 2024: Biological Trace Element Research
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liam Kitson, Anne A M J Becker, Katrin Hartmann, Michèle Bergmann, Paulina Sepulveda-Garcia, Nivia Canales, Ananda Muller
This study aimed to evaluate the blood bacterial microbiota in healthy and febrile cats. High-quality sequencing reads from the 16S rRNA gene variable region V3-V4 were obtained from genomic blood DNA belonging to 145 healthy cats, and 140 febrile cats. Comparisons between the blood microbiota of healthy and febrile cats revealed dominant presence of Actinobacteria, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. Upon lower taxonomic levels, the bacterial composition was significantly different between healthy and febrile cats...
May 8, 2024: Scientific Reports
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caroline Wasén, Leah C Beauchamp, Julia Vincentini, Shuqi Li, Danielle S LeServe, Christian Gauthier, Juliana R Lopes, Thais G Moreira, Millicent N Ekwudo, Zhuoran Yin, Patrick da Silva, Rajesh K Krishnan, Oleg Butovsky, Laura M Cox, Howard L Weiner
The gut microbiota and microglia play critical roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and elevated Bacteroides is correlated with cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau levels in AD. We hypothesize that Bacteroides contributes to AD by modulating microglia. Here we show that administering Bacteroides fragilis to APP/PS1-21 mice increases Aβ plaques in females, modulates cortical amyloid processing gene expression, and down regulates phagocytosis and protein degradation microglial gene expression...
May 8, 2024: Nature Communications
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Toshima, Mikako Yagi, Yura Do, Haruka Hirai, Yuya Kunisaki, Dongchon Kang, Takeshi Uchiumi
Neurodegenerative diseases and other age-related disorders are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. We previously showed that mice with neuron-specific deficiency of mitochondrial translation exhibit leukoencephalopathy because of demyelination. Reduced cholesterol metabolism has been associated with demyelinating diseases of the brain such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the molecular mechanisms involved and relevance to the pathogenesis remained unknown. In this study, we show that inhibition of mitochondrial translation significantly reduced expression of the cholesterol synthase genes and degraded their sterol-regulated transcription factor, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (Srebp2)...
July 2024: Life Science Alliance
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qingwei Jiang, Feng Geng, Juan Shen, Ping Zhu, Zhaoxin Lu, Fengxia Lu, Libang Zhou
The discovery of antibiotics has noticeably promoted the development of human civilization; however, antibiotic resistance in bacteria caused by abusing and overusing greatly challenges human health and food safety. Considering the worsening situation, it is an urgent demand to develop emerging nontraditional technologies or methods to address this issue. With the expanding of synthetic biology, optogenetics exhibits a tempting prospect for precisely regulating gene expression in many fields. Consequently, it is attractive to employ optogenetics to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance...
May 2024: Biotechnology Journal
#34
REVIEW
Keya Mallick, Shuchismita Paul, Sayani Banerjee, Sugato Banerjee
Energy metabolism in the brain has been considered one of the critical research areas of neuroscience for ages. One of the most vital parts of brain metabolism cascades is lipid metabolism, and fatty acid plays a crucial role in this process. The fatty acid breakdown process in mitochondria undergoes through a conserved pathway known as β-oxidation where acetyl-CoA and shorter fatty acid chains are produced along with a significant amount of energy molecule. Further, the complete breakdown of fatty acids occurs when they enter the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation...
May 6, 2024: Neuroscience
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asmaa Badr, Kylene P Daily, Mostafa Eltobgy, Shady Estfanous, Michelle H Tan, Jimmy Chun-Tien Kuo, Owen Whitham, Cierra Carafice, Gauruv Gupta, Heba M Amer, Mohamed M Shamseldin, Amir Yousif, Nicholas P Deems, Julie Fitzgerald, Pearlly Yan, Amy Webb, Xiaoli Zhang, Maciej Pietrzak, Hazem E Ghoneim, Purnima Dubey, Ruth M Barrientos, Robert J Lee, Olga N Kokiko-Cochran, Amal O Amer
Neuroinflammation and accumulation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ) accompanied by deterioration of special memory are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Effective preventative and treatment options for AD are still needed. Microglia in AD brains are characterized by elevated levels of microRNA-17 (miR-17), which is accompanied by defective autophagy, Aβ accumulation, and increased inflammatory cytokine production. However, the effect of targeting miR-17 on AD pathology and memory loss is not clear. To specifically inhibit miR-17 in microglia, we generated mannose-coated lipid nanoparticles (MLNPs) enclosing miR-17 antagomir (Anti-17 MLNPs), which are targeted to mannose receptors readily expressed on microglia...
May 6, 2024: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuhang Xi, Zejia Feng, Tian Xia, Yude Hong, Jianjie Wu, Jialiang Chen, Yunlong Ge, Hengjun Xiao
AIM: Increased corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) apoptosis in the penis due to cavernous nerve injury (CNI) is a crucial contributor to erectile dysfunction (ED). Caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (CSD)-derived peptide has been found to exert potential antiapoptotic properties. However, whether CSD peptide can alleviate CCSMCs apoptosis and ED in CNI rats remains unknown. The study aimed to determine whether CSD peptide can improve bilateral CNI-induced ED (BCNI-ED) by enhancing the antiapoptotic processes of CCSMCs...
May 6, 2024: Life Sciences
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John M Le, Anthony B Morlandt, Kirav Patel, Graham Bourne, Chaitra Seri, Yedeh P Ying
BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective alpha-2-receptor agonist, and its use has not been well studied in major microvascular reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. PURPOSE: The purpose is to measure the association between DEX and neck hematoma formation in subjects undergoing head and neck microvascular reconstructive surgery. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: The investigators implemented a retrospective cohort study on subjects undergoing microvascular head and neck reconstruction for benign and malignant pathology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham from 2014 to 2021...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ex vivo anti-senescence activity of N-acetylcysteine in visceral adipose tissue of obese volunteers.
Diba Behtaj, Arman Ghorbani, Ghazaleh Eslamian, Nasser Malekpour Alamdari, Maryam Abbasi, Hamid Zand, Azam Shakery, Ghazaleh Shimi, Mohammad Hasan Sohouli, Sepideh Fazeli Taherian
INTRODUCTION: Excessive visceral adiposity is known to drive the onset of metabolic derangements, mostly involving oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation and cellular senescence. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a synthetic form of L-cysteine with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-senescence properties. This ex-vivo study aimed to determine the effect of NAC on some markers of senescence including β-galactosidase activity and p16, p53, p21, IL-6 and TNF-α gene expressions in visceral adipose tissue in obese adults...
May 8, 2024: Obesity Facts
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiah Ning Tan, Khairana Husain, Zakiah Jubri, Kok Meng Chan, Azizah Ugusman, Ibrahim Jantan, Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi
BACKGROUND: Vascular inflammation is the key event in early atherogenesis. Pro-inflammatory endothelial cells induce monocyte recruitment into the sub-endothelial layer of the artery. This requires endothelial expression of adhesion molecules namely intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), alongside chemokines production. Christia vespertilionis (L.f.) Bakh.f. (CV) possesses anti-inflammatory property. However, its potential anti-atherogenic effect in the context of vascular inflammation has yet to be explored...
May 7, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hassan Sereshti, Narges Mousavi Rad
In this study, bacterial cellulose was coated with composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol doped with beta cyclodextrin and alginate (PVA-SA-βCD), constructed using the electrospinning technique. This novel material served as an effective adsorbent for thin-film micro-solid-phase extraction (TF-μSPE) of antibiotics from water samples, followed by HPLC-UV analysis. The adsorbent was subjected to a comprehensive characterization using ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, and BET techniques. These analyses provided valuable insights into its physicochemical structure and properties...
May 6, 2024: Talanta
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