Nipha

A comprehensive analysis of phytochemicals, digestive stability, and bioaccessibility was conducted on a golden barrel cactus extract from 3- and 6-year-old plants. Both ages contained lutein and four chlorophyll derivatives (chlorophyll a , b , pheophytin a , and b ), but younger cacti revealed a significantly higher abundance. Total phenolics reached 3545.35 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry weight in the 3-year-old extracts compared to 2557.96 mg/100 g in the older ones. Antioxidant activity, assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, was consistently higher in the younger group...

The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system is being employed more frequently to investigate cell engineering and tissue repair due to its close mimicry of in vivo microenvironments. In this study, we developed natural biomaterials, including hyaluronic acid, alginate, and gelatin, to mimic the creation of a 3D human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) extracellular environment and selected hydrogels with high proliferation capacity for 3D MSC culture. Human mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated within hydrogels, and an investigation was conducted into the effects on cell viability and proliferation, stemness properties, and telomere activity compared to the 2D monolayer culture...

Chiroptera are one of the most diverse mammal orders. They are considered reservoirs of main human pathogens, where coronaviruses (CoVs) and paramyxoviruses (PMVs) may be highlighted. Moreover, the growing number of publications on CoVs and PMVs in wildlife reinforces the scientific community's interest in eco-vigilance, especially because of the emergence of important human pathogens such as the SARS-CoV-2 and Nipha viruses. Considering that Brazil presents continental dimensions, is biologically rich containing one of the most diverse continental biotas and presents a rich biodiversity of animals classified in the order Chiroptera , the mapping of CoV and PMV genetics related to human pathogens is important and the aim of the present work...

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Alzheimer's causes cognitive dysfunction. This study investigated the neuro-promoting effects of cordycepin on amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) synthesis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Cordycepin was found to boost SH-SY5Y cell proliferation and decreased AD pathology. APP, PS1, and PS2 were downregulated whereas ADAM10 and SIRT1 were upregulated by cordycepin. Cordycepin also reduced APP secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Cordycepin alleviated oxidative stress by the upregulation of GPX and SOD , as well as autophagy genes ( LC3 , ATG5 , and ATG12 )...

Cancer treatment with natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy is promising. NK cells can recognize and kill cancer cells without sensitization, making them a potential cancer treatment alternative. To improve clinical efficacy and safety, more research is needed. Enhancing NK cell function improves therapeutic efficacy. Due to its potent apoptosis induction, Cordycepin, a bioactive compound from Cordyceps spp., inhibits cancer cell growth. Cordycepin has immunoregulatory properties, making it a promising candidate for combination therapy with NK cell-based immunotherapy...

Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom in Asia in the twenty-first century, which cordycepin is a significant bioactive compound. This study investigated the effect of culture conditions and vegetable seed extract powder (VSEP) as a supplementary source of animal-free nitrogen on the production of cordycepin by C. militaris in liquid surface culture. The highest cordycepin production was observed under SBEP conditions, and 80 g/L of SBEP supplementation increased cordycepin production to 2.52 g/L, which was greater than the control (peptone)...

In the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin, diverse cell types are reconstituted during the wound healing process. Delays or failures in wound healing are a major issue in skin therapy because they prevent the normal structure and function of wounded tissue from being restored, resulting in ulceration or other skin abnormalities. Human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCAT) cells are a spontaneously immortalized human keratinocyte cell line capable of secreting many bioactive chemicals (a secretome) that stimulate skin cell proliferation, rejuvenation, and regeneration...

Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species is the main cause of skin aging. Cordycepin, a bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris , contains antioxidant activity. This study examined extracellular matrix, antioxidant effect, autophagy activity, and skin regeneration in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) under normal and oxidative stress conditions. Slow disintegration was used to create nano-encapsulated cordyceps extract. HDFs were cultured and treated with 1 M cordycepin, 1 M medium, 0.1 M CMP, or 1 mM H2O2...

INTRODUCTION: Neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases, and brain cancers, are reportedly caused by genetic aberration and cellular malfunction. Herbs with bioactive compounds that have anti-oxidant effects such as cordyceps and turmeric, are of interest to clinical applications due to their minimal adverse effects. The aim of study is to develop the nanoencapsulated cordyceps and turmeric extracts and investigate their capability to enhance the biological activity and improve neuronal function...

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) disproportionately affects children of Asian descent. San Diego is home to a large Vietnamese population but no previous study has addressed the outcome of KD in this group. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of Vietnamese patients seen at Rady Children's Hospital San Diego from 2001 to 2019. Non-Vietnamese Asian and non-Asian KD patients were matched (2:1) based on date of onset and age with Vietnamese patients. Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic data were compared...

BACKGROUND: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel disease that was identified during the COVID-19 pandemic and is characterised by systemic inflammation following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Early detection of MIS-C is a challenge given its clinical similarities to Kawasaki disease and other acute febrile childhood illnesses. We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence algorithm that can distinguish among MIS-C, Kawasaki disease, and other similar febrile illnesses and aid in the diagnosis of patients in the emergency department and acute care setting...

Radiotherapy is a common method to treat cancers, with the goal of maximizing the dose to tumors while minimizing the dose to normal tissues. Radioprotectors can reduce the toxicity to normal tissues during radiotherapy. Several plant-derived compounds can function as radioprotectors by scavenging free radicals. We investigated the radioprotective activity of interruptin C from the fern Cyclosorus terminans . The molecular mechanism of interruptin C's activity in X-ray-irradiated cells was evaluated. Superoxide dismutase activity was examined to investigate the antioxidant enzyme activity...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) are widely used as a skin model in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry due their advantages for the cosmetic industry and medical aspects. Telomeres are key players in controlling cellular aging, in which telomeres and the telomerase enzyme (hTERT) can maintain proliferative capacity and prolong cellular senescence. The primary aim of the study was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of hTERT/SV40 immortalization of human dermal fibroblasts...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) are multipotent and possess neurogenicity. Numerous studies have shown that Notch inhibition and DNA demethylation promote neural differentiation. Here, we investigated the modulation of autophagy during neural differentiation of hPMSCs, induced by DAPT and 5-Azacytidine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: hPMSCs were treated with DAPT to induce neural differentiation, and the autophagy regulating molecules were used to assess the impact of autophagy on neural differentiation...

BACKGROUND: Bat-borne viruses are relatively host specific. We hypothesize that this host specificity is due to coevolution of the viruses with their hosts. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the coevolution of coronavirus and paramyxovirus with their bat hosts. Published nucleotide sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of 60 coronavirus strains identified from 37 bat species, the RNA polymerase large (L) gene of 36 paramyxovirus strains from 29 bat species, and the cytochrome B (cytB) gene of 35 bat species were analyzed for coevolution signals...

This study examined associations between the effect of treatment with nano-cassava starch that contained cordycepin (CS) extract, targeting human submandibular gland cells (HSGs), and human oral squamous carcinoma cells (HSC-4). Cassava starch nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared by either physical or acid treatment. These nanoparticles were then loaded with either CS or cordyceps medium and then treated with HSG or HSC-4 cells in different concentrations of CS and nanoparticles. Moreover, the protein secretion, reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) activity and the expression of salivary-specific genes, antioxidant gene were determined after treatment...

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute pediatric vasculitis of unknown etiology that can cause coronary artery aneurysms, and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. We studied aspects of the innate and adaptive immune response in 17 acute KD children prior to treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. Distinct patterns within the innate immune response correlated with specific clinical features. Proinflammatory myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) were abundant in four of 17 (23·5%) subjects who were older and manifested severe inflammation with clinical myocarditis and elevated hepatobiliary enzyme levels...

Xerostomia (dry mouth) is a significant age-related condition. Meanwhile, cordycepin, the natural therapeutic agent, has demonstrated an anti-aging effect. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of cordycepin on secretory function in an in vitro model of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced salivary hypofunction. After being exposed to H2 O2 , human submandibular gland (HSG) cells were treated with various concentrations of cordycepin (6.25-50 µM) for 24, 48, and 72h. To evaluate cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and 2, 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assays were performed...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Among various types of brain tumors, glioblastoma is the most malignant and highly aggressive brain tumor that possesses a high resistance against anticancer drugs. To understand the underlined mechanisms of tumor drug resistance, a new and more effective research approach is required. The three dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture models could be a potential approach to study cancer features and biology, as well as screen for anti-cancer agents due to the close mimicry of the 3D tumor microenvironments...