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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aqsa Iqbal, Sairah Hafeez Kamran, Farhan Siddique, Saiqa Ishtiaq, Misbah Hameed, Mobina Manzoor
In the current study we investigated the impact of combination of rutin and vitamin A on glycated products, the glyoxalase system, oxidative markers, and inflammation in animals fed a high-fat high-fructose (HFFD) diet. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5). The treatments, metformin (120 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg), vitamin A (43 IU/kg), and a combination of rutin (100 mg/kg) and vitamin A (43 IU/kg) were given to relevant groups of rats along with high-fructose high-fat diet for 42 days...
2024: PloS One
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cansu Bilister Egilmez, Burcu Azak Pazarlar, Mumin Alper Erdogan, Yiğit Uyanikgil, Oytun Erbas
The neuroprotective effects of choline chloride, an essential nutrient, a precursor for the acetylcholine and synthesis of membrane phospholipids, have been associated with neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Its contribution to autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder, remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of choline chloride on social behaviours, and histopathological and biochemical changes in a rat autism model. The autism model was induced by administration of 100 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the 10th day of gestation...
May 9, 2024: International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Reza Naghdi, Reza Ahadi, Ali Motamed Nezhad, Faeze Sadat Ahmadi Tabatabaei, Mansoureh Soleimani, Razieh Hajisoltani
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with two core behavioral symptoms restricted/repetitive behavior and social-communication deficit. The unknown etiology of ASD makes it difficult to identify potential treatments. Valproic acid (VPA) is an anticonvulsant drug with teratogenic effects during pregnancy in humans and rodents. Prenatal exposure to VPA induces autism-like behavior in both humans and rodents. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Diosgenin in prenatal Valproic acid-induced autism in rats...
May 3, 2024: Brain Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kara Kosmer, Randy Kulesza
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disability that includes sensory disturbances. Hearing is frequently affected and ranges from deafness to hypersensitivity. In utero exposure to the antiepileptic valproic acid is associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in humans and timed valproic acid exposure is a biologically relevant and validated animal model of autism spectrum disorder. Valproic acid-exposed rats have fewer neurons in their auditory brainstem and thalamus, fewer calbindin-positive neurons, reduced ascending projections to the midbrain and thalamus, elevated thresholds, and delayed auditory brainstem responses...
May 2, 2024: Cerebral Cortex
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cole King, Ivina Mali, Hunter Strating, Elizabeth Fangman, Jenna Neyhard, Macy Payne, Stefan H Bossmann, Bethany Plakke
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication deficits, cognitive dysfunction, and stereotyped repetitive behaviors. Regional volume changes are commonly observed in individuals with ASD. To examine volumetric dysregulation across adolescence, the valproic acid (VPA) model was used to induce ASD-like phenotypes in rats. Regional volumes were obtained via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at either postnatal day 28 (P28) or postnatal day 40 (P40), which correspond to early and late adolescence, respectively...
April 26, 2024: Developmental Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grazia Maugeri, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Concetta Federico, Salvatore Saccone, Velia D'Agata, Giuseppe Musumeci
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is a neuroprotective protein essential for embryonic development, proper brain development, and neuronal plasticity. Its mutation causes the autism-like ADNP syndrome (also called the Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome), characterized by neural developmental disorders and motor dysfunctions. Similar to the ADNP syndrome, the ADNP haploinsufficient mouse shows low synapse density, leading to motor and cognitive ability delays. Moderate physical activity (PA) has several neuroprotective and cognitive benefits, promoting neuronal survival, differentiation, neurogenesis, and plasticity...
April 16, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanghyeon Lee, Jungho Kim, Hyun-Hee Ryu, Hanbyul Jang, DoEun Lee, Seungha Lee, Jae-Man Song, Yong-Seok Lee, Young Ho Suh
Posttranslational modifications regulate the properties and abundance of synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors that mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. During long-term depression (LTD), protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) dephosphorylate tyrosine residues in the C-terminal tail of AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit, which is essential for GluA2 endocytosis and group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-dependent LTD...
April 30, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Morgane E Le Dréan, Catherine Le Berre-Scoul, Vincent Paillé, Martial Caillaud, Thibauld Oullier, Jacques Gonzales, Philippe Hulin, Michel Neunlist, Sophie Talon, Hélène Boudin
The neural network of the enteric nervous system (ENS) underlies gastrointestinal functions. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in enteric neuronal connectivity are poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of semaphorin 5A (Sema5A), previously characterized in the central nervous system, on ENS neuronal connectivity. Sema5A is linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder frequently associated with gastrointestinal comorbidities, and potentially associated with ENS impairments...
May 17, 2024: IScience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fernanda da Silva Rodrigues, Jeferson Jantsch, Gabriel de Farias Fraga, Vitória Luiza de Camargo Milczarski, Victor Silva Dias, Camila Scheid, Josias de Oliveira Merib, Marcia Giovernardi, Renata Padilha Guedes
Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder in the offspring. While numerous studies focus on preventive measures targeting the mothers, only a limited number provide practical approaches for addressing the damages once they are already established. We have recently demonstrated the interplay between maternal obesity and treatment with cannabidiol (CBD) on hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic disturbances, however, little is known about this relationship on behavioral manifestations and neurochemical imbalances in other brain regions...
April 10, 2024: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonia Manduca, Valeria Buzzelli, Alessandro Rava, Alessandro Feo, Emilia Carbone, Sara Schiavi, Barbara Peruzzi, Valentina D'Oria, Marco Pezzullo, Andrea Pasquadibisceglie, Fabio Polticelli, Vincenzo Micale, Martin Kuchar, Viviana Trezza
Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa, has been recently approved for epileptic syndromes often associated with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the putative efficacy and mechanism of action of CBD in patients suffering from ASD and related comorbidities remain debated, especially because of the complex pharmacology of CBD. We used pharmacological, immunohistochemical and biochemical approaches to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of CBD in the recently validated Fmr1-Δ exon 8 rat model of ASD, that is also a model of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the leading monogenic cause of autism...
April 5, 2024: Pharmacological Research: the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masoud Afshari, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Hamidreza Pouretemad, Mehrdad Roghani
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neurostimulation device used to modulate brain cortex activity. Our objective was to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of low-frequency repeated TMS (LF-rTMS) in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) induced by prenatal valproic acid (VPA) exposure through the injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For the induction of ASD, we administered prenatal VPA (600 mg/kg, I.P.) on the 12.5th day of pregnancy. At postnatal day 30, SPIONs were injected directly into the lateral ventricle of the brain...
April 6, 2024: Scientific Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oak Z Chi, Xia Liu, Harvey Fortus, Guy Werlen, Estela Jacinto, Harvey R Weiss
The manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) in humans include epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability. Previous studies suggested the linkage of TSC to altered cerebral blood flow and metabolic dysfunction. We previously reported a significant elevation in cerebral blood flow in an animal model of TSC and autism of young Eker rats. Inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by rapamycin could restore normal oxygen consumption and cerebral blood flow. In this study, we investigated whether inhibiting a component of the mTOR signaling pathway, p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (S6K1), would yield comparable effects...
April 4, 2024: Neuromolecular Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Salari, Amirhossein Moslemizadeh, Sara Sheibani Tezerji, Nazanin Sabet, Ali Saeidpour Parizi, Mohammad Khaksari, Vahid Sheibani, Elham Jafari, Sara Shafieipour, Hamideh Bashiri
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to investigate the inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and histopathological consequences of the brain-gut axis in male and female rats prenatally exposed to VPA. METHODS: Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. The animals received saline, and valproic acid (VPA) (600 mg/kg, i.p.) on embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5). All offspring were weaned on postnatal day 21, and the experiments were done in male and female rats on day 60...
April 2024: Birth Defects Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yalda Mohtaj Khorassani, Ali Moghimi, Mohammad Reza Khakzad, Masoud Fereidoni, Delaram Hassani, Javad Torbati Gah
INTRODUCTION: Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and restricted repetitive behaviors. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a potential treatment for autism, although its effects on behavior and gene expression are not well understood. The GRIN2B gene, known for its involvement in encoding a glutamate receptor subunit crucial for neuron communication and associated with autism, was a focus of this study...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye-Ji Kim, Eun-A Ko, Oh-Bin Kwon, Sung-Cherl Jung
Previously, we reported that prenatal exposure to high corticosterone induced attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behaviors with cognitive deficits after weaning. In the present study, cellular mechanisms underlying cortisol-induced cognitive dysfunction were investigated using rat pups (Corti.Pups) born from rat mothers that were repetitively injected with corticosterone during pregnancy. In results, Corti.Pups exhibited the failure of behavioral memory formation in the Morris water maze (MWM) test and the incomplete long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal CA1 neurons...
April 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
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REVIEW
Abraham Alberto Ramírez-Mendoza, María Luisa Mendoza-Magaña, Mario Alberto Ramírez-Herrera, Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazara, José Alfredo Domínguez-Rosales
Millions of people around the world are exposed to air pollutants, such as particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5 ) and ozone (O3 ). Such exposure usually does not exclude these two types of pollutants and their harmful effects could be additive or synergistic. O3 is a highly oxidizing gas that reacts with the cellular environment just as PM2.5 , triggering nitrooxidative damage. Once nitrooxidative stress overcomes the endogenous antioxidant system, an acute neuroinflammatory process is generated, and once it becomes chronic, it favors the formation of neurodegenerative disease markers...
March 7, 2024: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice Zheng, Rajkamalpreet S Mann, Dami Solaja, Brian L Allman, Susanne Schmid
BACKGROUND: Rats with a loss-of-function mutation in the contactin-associated protein-like 2 ( Cntnap2 ) gene have been validated as an animal model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Similar to many autistic individuals, Cntnap2 knock-out rats ( Cntnap2-/- ) are hyperreactive to sound as measured through the acoustic startle response. The brainstem region that mediates the acoustic startle response is the caudal pontine reticular nucleus (PnC), specifically giant neurons in the PnC...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideo Hagihara, Hirotaka Shoji, Satoko Hattori, Giovanni Sala, Yoshihiro Takamiya, Mika Tanaka, Masafumi Ihara, Mihiro Shibutani, Izuho Hatada, Kei Hori, Mikio Hoshino, Akito Nakao, Yasuo Mori, Shigeo Okabe, Masayuki Matsushita, Anja Urbach, Yuta Katayama, Akinobu Matsumoto, Keiichi I Nakayama, Shota Katori, Takuya Sato, Takuji Iwasato, Haruko Nakamura, Yoshio Goshima, Matthieu Raveau, Tetsuya Tatsukawa, Kazuhiro Yamakawa, Noriko Takahashi, Haruo Kasai, Johji Inazawa, Ikuo Nobuhisa, Tetsushi Kagawa, Tetsuya Taga, Mohamed Darwish, Hirofumi Nishizono, Keizo Takao, Kiran Sapkota, Kazutoshi Nakazawa, Tsuyoshi Takagi, Haruki Fujisawa, Yoshihisa Sugimura, Kyosuke Yamanishi, Lakshmi Rajagopal, Nanette Deneen Hannah, Herbert Y Meltzer, Tohru Yamamoto, Shuji Wakatsuki, Toshiyuki Araki, Katsuhiko Tabuchi, Tadahiro Numakawa, Hiroshi Kunugi, Freesia L Huang, Atsuko Hayata-Takano, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Kota Tamada, Toru Takumi, Takaoki Kasahara, Tadafumi Kato, Isabella A Graef, Gerald R Crabtree, Nozomi Asaoka, Hikari Hatakama, Shuji Kaneko, Takao Kohno, Mitsuharu Hattori, Yoshio Hoshiba, Ryuhei Miyake, Kisho Obi-Nagata, Akiko Hayashi-Takagi, Léa J Becker, Ipek Yalcin, Yoko Hagino, Hiroko Kotajima-Murakami, Yuki Moriya, Kazutaka Ikeda, Hyopil Kim, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Hikari Otabi, Yuta Yoshida, Atsushi Toyoda, Noboru H Komiyama, Seth G N Grant, Michiru Ida-Eto, Masaaki Narita, Ken-Ichi Matsumoto, Emiko Okuda-Ashitaka, Iori Ohmori, Tadayuki Shimada, Kanato Yamagata, Hiroshi Ageta, Kunihiro Tsuchida, Kaoru Inokuchi, Takayuki Sassa, Akio Kihara, Motoaki Fukasawa, Nobuteru Usuda, Tayo Katano, Teruyuki Tanaka, Yoshihiro Yoshihara, Michihiro Igarashi, Takashi Hayashi, Kaori Ishikawa, Satoshi Yamamoto, Naoya Nishimura, Kazuto Nakada, Shinji Hirotsune, Kiyoshi Egawa, Kazuma Higashisaka, Yasuo Tsutsumi, Shoko Nishihara, Noriyuki Sugo, Takeshi Yagi, Naoto Ueno, Tomomi Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Kubo, Rie Ohashi, Nobuyuki Shiina, Kimiko Shimizu, Sayaka Higo-Yamamoto, Katsutaka Oishi, Hisashi Mori, Tamio Furuse, Masaru Tamura, Hisashi Shirakawa, Daiki X Sato, Yukiko U Inoue, Takayoshi Inoue, Yuriko Komine, Tetsuo Yamamori, Kenji Sakimura, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
Increased levels of lactate, an end-product of glycolysis, have been proposed as a potential surrogate marker for metabolic changes during neuronal excitation. These changes in lactate levels can result in decreased brain pH, which has been implicated in patients with various neuropsychiatric disorders. We previously demonstrated that such alterations are commonly observed in five mouse models of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism, suggesting a shared endophenotype among these disorders rather than mere artifacts due to medications or agonal state...
March 26, 2024: ELife
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kang Li, Xiaotian Liang, Xiaohua Liu, Yanpei Geng, Jun Yan, Lei Tian, Huanliang Liu, Wenqin Lai, Yue Shi, Zhuge Xi, Bencheng Lin
Previous studies have shown that early-life exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with an increasing risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, the specific sensitive period of ASD is unknown. Here, a model of dynamic whole-body concentrated PM2.5 exposure in pre- and early-postnatal male offspring rats (MORs) was established. And we found that early postnatal PM2.5 exposed rats showed more typical ASD behavioral characteristics than maternal pregnancy exposure rats, including poor social interaction, novelty avoidance and anxiety disorder...
March 18, 2024: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mzia G Zhvania, Giorgi Lobzhanidze, Nino Pochkhidze, Nadezhda Japaridze, Pavel Tchelidze, Fuad Rzayev, Eldar Gasimov
It is well documented that propionic acid (PPA) produces behavioral, morphological, molecular and immune responses in rats that are characteristic of autism spectrum disorder in humans. However, whether PPA affects the ultrastructure and synaptic architecture of regions of autistic brain has not been adequately addressed. Earlier we show that single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of PPA (175 mg/kg) produces superficial changes in the spatial memory and learning of adolescent male Wistar rats. However, in neurons, synapses and glial cells of hippocampal CA1 area and medial prefrontal cortex transient (mainly) or enduring alterations were detected...
March 4, 2024: Micron
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