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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hassan Ashktorab, Antonio Pizuorno, Lakshmi Gayathri Chirumamilla, Folake Adeleye, Maryam Mehdipour Dalivand, Zaki A Sherif, Gholamreza Oskrochi, Suryanarayana Reddy Challa, Boubini Jones-Wonni, Sheldon Rankine, Chiamaka Ekwunazu, Abigail Banson, Rachel Kim, Chandler Gilliard, Elizabeth Ekpe, Nader Shayegh, Constance Nyaunu, Chidi Martins, Ashley Slack, Princess Okwesili, Malachi Abebe, Yashvardhan Batta, Do Ly, Ogwo Valarie, Tori Smith, Kyra Watson, Oluwapelumi Kolawole, Sarine Tahmazian, Sofiat Atoba, Myra Khushbakht, Gregory Riley, Warren Gavin, Areeba Kara, Manuel Hache-Marliere, Leonidas Palaiodimos, Vishnu R Mani, Aleksandr Kalabin, Vijay Reddy Gayam, Pavani Reddy Garlapati, Joseph Miller, Fatimah Jackson, John M Carethers, Vinod Rustgi, Hassan Brim
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Identifying clinical characteristics and outcomes of different ethnicities in the US may inform treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Aim of this study is to identify predictors of mortality among US races/ethnicities. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We retrospectively analyzed de-identified data from 9,873 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized at 15 US hospital centers in 11 states (March 2020-November 2020). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was to identify predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients...
2024: Arch Intern Med Res
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marion Hofmann-Aßmus
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 2024: MMW Fortschritte der Medizin
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie Scheire, Sophie Germonpré, Els Mehuys, Inge Van Tongelen, An De Sutter, Stephane Steurbaut, Thierry Van Hees, Sophie Demarche, Lies Lahousse, Philippe Gevaert, Koen Boussery
BACKGROUND: Little is known about rhinitis control in real-life, nor about the contribution of treatment-related and patient-related factors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the level of rhinitis control and rhinitis medication utilization in patients with persistent rhinitis, and to identify predictors of rhinitis control. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients with persistent rhinitis recruited in community pharmacies...
April 25, 2024: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in Practice
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REVIEW
Rebecca Weinstein, Catherine E Naber, Kristina Brumme
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Dexamethasone is an essential treatment for common pediatric inflammatory, airway, and respiratory conditions. We aim to provide up-to-date recommendations for treatment of anaphylaxis, croup, coronavirus disease, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and asthma with dexamethasone for use in the pediatric emergency department. RECENT FINDINGS: Literature largely continues to support the use of dexamethasone in most of the above conditions, however, recommendations for dosing and duration are evolving...
June 1, 2024: Current Opinion in Pediatrics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liang Zhou, Lei Fang, Michael Roth, Eleni Papakonstantinou, Michael Tamm, Daiana Stolz
PURPOSE: The response to glucocorticoids is hampered in many COPD patients by a yet unknown mechanism. Earlier we reported that short-term heat exposure of primary human bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) of asthma patients increased the expression and secretion of extracellular heat shock proteins (eHSPs) resulting in increased expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in BEC and inhibition of ASMC remodeling. The aim of the present study was to assess if the same mechanism is also present in primary airway wall cells of COPD patients...
April 19, 2024: Lung
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suhas Sondur, Govid Vj, Shakti Prasad Das
The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties of steroids allow their use in a wide variety of rheumatological diseases, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer therapy, and severe viral infections. Though life-saving or organ-saving, long-term clinical use leads to a vast array of complications. Osteoporosis is the most common orthopedic side effect of steroid abuse, while osteonecrosis is a rare occurrence. The risk of osteonecrosis appears to be dose and duration dependent, but several patient factors also play a major role and usually affect the femoral head followed by the knee joint...
March 2024: Clinical Medicine & Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlene Desaintjean, Kaïs Ahmad, Julie Traclet, Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin, Cecile-Audrey Durel, Jean-Charles Glerant, Arnaud Hot, François Lestelle, Sabine Mainbourg, Mouhamad Nasser, Pascal Seve, Ségolène Turquier, Gilles Devouassoux, Vincent Cottin
INTRODUCTION: Asthma associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is often severe and corticosteroid-dependent, leading to significant morbidity. Mepolizumab and benralizumab are humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin 5 (IL-5) and its receptor, respectively. They have been shown to be effective in steroid-sparing in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab and benralizumab prescribed for severe asthma in patients with EGPA under "real-world" conditions...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Faraone, Alberto Fortini, Vanni Borgioli, Chiara Cappugi, Aldo Lo Forte, Valeria Maria Bottaro, Augusto Vaglio
BACKGROUND: eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by asthma, eosinophilia and granulomatous or vasculitic involvement of various organs. While the eye is uncommonly affected in patients with EGPA, multiple ophthalmic manifestations have been reported, which can result in serious visual impairment without timely treatment. CASE REPORT: we report the case of a 79-year-old woman with a history of asthma and nasal polyps who presented with low-grade fever, mild alteration of mental status, and fatigue...
2024: European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
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REVIEW
Rohit Goyal, Amrit K Kamboj, Diana L Snyder
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated esophageal disorder. Given its increasing incidence, it is now a leading cause of dysphagia and food impaction in the United States. Eosinophilic esophagitis is most common in adult White men and has a high concurrence rate with other atopic conditions like allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and eczema. The initial presentation includes symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, classically solid-food dysphagia. Without treatment, inflammation can progress to fibrosis with the formation of strictures, leading to complications such as food impaction...
April 2024: Mayo Clinic Proceedings
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Ning Cui, Jingluan Wang, Yanmei Shao, Jingming Zhao, Zhaozhong Cheng
A 27-year-old female visited our hospital with a history of asthma, peripheral blood eosinophilia, increased total IgE, Aspergillus fumigatus specific IgE, reversible mild bronchiectasis, sinusitis, bronchial mucus plugs and cultivation of Aspergillus from BALF. Glucocorticoids therapy is effective. These results met the diagnostic criteria for both allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPM) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Special attention should be paid to the possibility of both diseases coexisting in the disease process...
2024: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter T Daley-Yates, Bhumika Aggarwal, Maximilian Plank
INTRODUCTION: Asthma treatment guidelines classify inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) regimens as low, medium, or high dose. However, efficacy and safety are not independently assessed accordingly. Moreover, differences in ICS duration of action are not considered when a dose regimen is selected. We investigated the efficacy and safety implications of these limitations for available ICS molecules. METHODS: Published pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters were used, alongside physiological and pharmacological principles, to estimate the efficacy and safety of available ICS molecules...
March 27, 2024: Advances in Therapy
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew N Menzies-Gow, Trung N Tran, Brooklyn Stanley, Victoria Ann Carter, Josef S Smolen, Arnaud Bourdin, J Mark Fitzgerald, Tim Raine, Jatin Chapaneri, Benjamin Emmanuel, David J Jackson, David B Price
PURPOSE: Associations between systemic glucocorticoid (SGC) exposure and risk for adverse outcomes have spurred a move toward steroid-sparing treatment strategies. Real-world changes in SGC exposure over time, after the introduction of steroid-sparing treatment strategies, reveal areas of successful risk mitigation as well as unmet needs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A population-based ecological study was performed from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database to describe SGC prescribing trends of steroid-sparing treatment strategies in primary care practices before and after licensure of biologics in the United Kingdom from 1990 to 2019...
2024: Pragmatic and Observational Research
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REVIEW
Willis S Bowman, Rebecca J Schmidt, Gursharan K Sanghar, George R Thompson Iii, Hong Ji, Amir A Zeki, Angela Haczku
BACKGROUND: Wildfires are a global concern due to their wide-ranging environmental, economic, and public health impacts. Climate change contributes to an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires making smoke exposure a more significant and recurring health concern for individuals with airway diseases. Some of the most prominent effects of wildfire smoke exposure are asthma exacerbations and allergic airway sensitization. Likely due to the delayed recognition of its health impacts in comparison with cigarette smoke and industrial or traffic-related air pollution, research on the composition, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the cellular/molecular pathways involved is poor or non-existent...
March 7, 2024: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lexin Chen, Can Li, Hangang Chen, Yangli Xie, Nan Su, Fengtao Luo, Junlan Huang, Ruobin Zhang, Lin Chen, Bo Chen, Jing Yang
UNLABELLED: The study, using data from Chongqing, China, and employing Mendelian randomization along with bioinformatics, establishes a causal link between asthma and osteoporosis, beyond glucocorticoid effects. Asthma may contribute to osteoporosis by accelerating bone turnover through inflammatory factors, disrupting the coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately leading to osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION: Asthma and osteoporosis are prevalent health conditions with substantial public health implications...
March 2, 2024: Osteoporosis International
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui-Hui Guo, Yan-Xing Han, Xiao-Juan Rong, Zhen Shen, Hao-Ran Shen, Ling-Fei Kong, Yun-Dan Guo, Ji-Zhou Li, Bo Xu, Tian-Le Gao, Lu-Lu Wang, Cai Tie, Jian-Dong Jiang
BACKGROUND: Asthma affects 3% of the global population, leading to over 0.25 million deaths. Due to its complexity, asthma is difficult to cure or prevent, and current therapies have limitations. This has led to a growing demand for alternative asthma treatments. We found rosmarinic acid (RosA) as a potential new drug candidate from natural medicine. However, RosA has poor bioavailability and remains mainly in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, suggesting the involvement of gut microbiota in its bioactivity...
April 2024: Phytomedicine
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REVIEW
Chika V Anekwe, Yoon Ji Ahn, Simar Singh Bajaj, Fatima Cody Stanford
This review aims to summarize pharmacological interventions that may affect adiposity and metabolic equilibrium in individuals with obesity. Pharmacological therapy is frequently used to treat medical conditions that are both directly related to obesity (such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes) and indirectly related to obesity (such as asthma, insomnia, and type 1 diabetes). This pharmacological therapy may result in weight gain and alterations in the metabolic profile. Many medication classes are implicated in the pharmacologic causes of weight gain, including antipsychotics, glucocorticoids, beta-adrenergic blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, insulin, neuropathic agents, sleep agents, and steroids...
February 22, 2024: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Songsong Yu, Shuang Li, Jie Zhang, Qiuhong Fang
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: Systemic glucocorticoid therapy can improve the outcomes of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The study tried to investigate the use of glucocorticoids in AECOPD patients and the factors associated with the physicians' choice. METHODOLOGY: Patients with AECOPD over two periods were divided by the year of 2017 when GOLD and ERS/ATS Guideline for COPD were updated. Data of patients regarding the study was retrieved from medical records...
2024: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
#18
REVIEW
Junjun Peng, Na Lu, Shucheng Hua, Lei Song, Han Liu
Understanding the pathogenesis of different phenotypes of asthma, including glucocorticoid-dependent and glucocorticoid-resistant asthma, is crucial for the development of effective treatments. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process involved in cell homeostasis, has been implicated in asthma, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies have identified autophagy activation in eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and paucigranulocytic asthma, providing novel insights into the disease. This comprehensive review examines the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis and treatment of asthma, with a focus on various cell types...
January 18, 2024: Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
#19
REVIEW
Md Mojahidur Hasan, Sehreen Tory
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs for a variety of diseases, despite the fact that resistance to them is growing in a number of conditions. There is currently no biomarker that can be used to identify steroid resistance. According to a number of studies, an overexpression of the glucocorticoid receptor beta (GR-β) isoform is associated with steroid-resistant illness. Our goal is to find out whether or not steroid-resistant disorders are associated with an increased level of GR-β expression...
January 2024: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
#20
MULTICENTER STUDY
Alessandra Bettiol, Maria Letizia Urban, Roberto Padoan, Matthieu Groh, Giuseppe Lopalco, Allyson Egan, Vincent Cottin, Paolo Fraticelli, Claudia Crimi, Stefano Del Giacco, Laura Losappio, Laura Moi, Francesco Cinetto, Marco Caminati, Pavel Novikov, Alvise Berti, Paolo Cameli, Pascal Cathébras, Angelo Coppola, Cécile-Audrey Durel, Marco Folci, Alberto Lo Gullo, Carlo Lombardi, Sara Monti, Paola Parronchi, Carlos Martinez Rivera, Roser Solans, Angelo Vacca, Georgina Espígol-Frigolé, Gabriella Guarnieri, Fulvia Chieco Bianchi, Maria Rita Marchi, Colas Tcherakian, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Florenzo Iannone, Vincenzo Venerito, Charlene Desaintjean, Gianluca Moroncini, Santi Nolasco, Giulia Anna Maria Luigia Costanzo, Jan Walter Schroeder, Camillo Ribi, Michelangelo Tesi, Elena Gelain, Irene Mattioli, Federica Bello, David Jayne, Domenico Prisco, Augusto Vaglio, Giacomo Emmi
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-5 (IL-5) inhibitors represent novel therapies for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of the IL-5 receptor inhibitor benralizumab in a European cohort of patients with EGPA. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients with EGPA from 28 European referral centres of the European EGPA Study Group across six countries (Italy, France, UK, Russia, Spain, and Switzerland) who received benralizumab as any line of treatment between Jan 1, 2019, and Sep 30, 2022...
December 2023: Lancet Rheumatology
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