Randomised control trails

AIMS: To comprehensively synthesise existing evidence from systematic reviews regarding the effects of exercise interventions on physical, psychological and social outcomes in frail older adults to provide reference for clinical practice. BACKGROUND: Frailty is highly prevalent in older adults and associated with increased adverse health outcomes. Some systematic reviews have assessed the effectiveness of exercise interventions in frail older adults with varied inclusion criteria, methodology quality, types of exercise and outcome measures...

BACKGROUND: The term temporomandibular disorder (TMD) indicates a set of musculoskeletal conditions involving temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory musculature, and related anatomical structures. Pain is the most common clinical manifestation of TMD, and the auditory system might be involved and affected, through tinnitus, dizziness, otalgia and ear fullness sensation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review of randomised controlled trails (RCTs) was to evaluate the efficacy of rehabilitative approaches on otologic symptoms in patients with TMD...

BACKGROUND: A recent pilot study demonstrated that an interactive delirium educational intervention, The Delirium OSCE Education Package, had a positive impact on self-perceptions of confidence and competence in the use of delirium assessment tools and delirium knowledge; delirium knowledge scores; clinical practice; and planned practice change for participants. However, it is not known if The Delirium OSCE Education Package is superior to standard methods of professional development education...

INTRODUCTION: With increasing life expectancy of older adult population, maintaining independence and well-being in later years is of paramount importance. This study aims to investigate the impact of three distinct interventions: cognitive training, resistance training and a combination of both, compared with an inactive control group, on cognitive performance, mobility and quality of life in adults aged ≥65 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This trial will investigate healthy older adults aged ≥65 years living independently without cognitive impairments...

INTRODUCTION: Poststroke cognitive impairment is a common complication in stroke survivors, seriously affecting their quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial to improve cognitive function of patients who had a stroke. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) are non-invasive, safe treatments with great potential to improve cognitive function in poststroke patients. However, further improvements are needed in the effectiveness of a single non-invasive brain stimulation technique for cognitive rehabilitation...

Post-stroke emotionalism affects 1 in 5 stroke sufferers 6 months after their stroke, but despite its frequency remains a poorly understood stroke symptom. The literature is limited, especially compared to other frequently observed neurological conditions such as aphasia and visual neglect. This narrative review presents a summary of this literature, to inform clinical practice and future research. We cover discussion of definitions, prevalence, neurobiology, predisposing and precipitating factors, and treatment...

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of a Nintendo Ring Fit Adventure™-based balance and muscle strengthening exercise program in community-dwelling older adults with a history of falls. METHODS: Older adults who have had at least one fall in the past year were randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 21) or control group (n = 21). The experimental group performed 16 exercise sessions in total, lasting 60 min each, twice a week for 8 weeks, whereas the control group received usual care...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial was to determine the effect of computerised cognitive training (CT) on executive function, processing speed and working memory in 61 people with mild-to-moderate dementia. METHODS: The primary outcomes were forward Digit Span and Trail Making Tests (TMT) at the completion of the 6-month intervention. Secondary outcomes included cognitive and physical performance, rate of falls, participant and caregiver's quality of life and usability and adherence to the CT program...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Reteplase is the third generation of alternative thrombolytic agent. We hypothesis that reteplase will be non-inferior to alteplase in achieving excellent functional outcome at 90 days among eligible patients with acute ischaemic stroke. METHODS AND DESIGN: Reteplase versus alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke within 4.5 hours (RAISE) trial is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint (PROBE), controlled phase 3 non-inferiority trial...

BACKGROUND: Endovascular clot retrieval (ECR) is known to reduce global disability at 3 months post stroke however limited research exists regarding the trajectory of specific clinical impairments including language, swallowing and cognitive deficits between onset and 3 months. AIMS: To assess language, swallowing, and cognitive performance following ECR and explore whether impairment severity is correlated with modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score (mTICI), stroke severity or quality of life (QoL)...

AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relative merits of various heart failure models of care with regard to a variety of outcomes. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Five databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase and Science Direct were searched from the inception date of databases to August 20, 2022. REVIEW METHODS: This review used the Cochrane Collaboration's 'Risk of Bias' tool to assess quality...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of 8 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic training on permeability inflammatory indicators of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and specific tissue inhibitors of MMPs in female migraineurs. METHODS: Female migraineurs (n = 28, age 32 ± 6) were randomised into two groups: migraine with exercise training (EXE + Mig, n = 13) and migraine without exercise training (NON-EXE + Mig, n = 15)...

OBJECTIVE: Frequency voiding charts are commonly used to gain better insight into the voiding and drinking behaviours of patients with voiding symptoms. Non-compliance when filling out a chart is known to be high. The use of a digital application might increase adherence, but little research has been conducted on this topic. The aim of this study is to compare the quality (number of correctly filled out charts) and quantity (number of complete charts) of digital versus paper frequency voiding charts among children and their parents...

BACKGROUND: People with Intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience oral health inequality due to myriad of risk factors and complex needs. Sensory processing difficulties, maladaptive behaviours and dental anxiety contribute to difficulties in receiving preventive and routine dental treatments. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence on the effectiveness of sensory adaptive dental environments (SADE) for children and young adults (up to the ages 24 years) with IDD to address cooperation and dental anxiety...

BACKGROUND: Eyes sustaining open globe trauma are at high risk of severe visual impairment. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is the most common cause of retinal detachment and visual loss in eyes with open globe trauma. There is evidence from experimental studies and pilot clinical trials that the use of adjunctive steroid medication triamcinolone acetonide can reduce the incidence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and improve outcomes of surgery for open globe trauma. OBJECTIVE: The Adjunctive Steroid Combination in Ocular Trauma or ASCOT study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of adjunctive triamcinolone acetonide given at the time of vitreoretinal surgery for open globe trauma...

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers. Approximately 20-30% of stage I-III CRC patients develop a recurrent tumour or metastases after curative surgical resection. Post-operative follow-up is indicated for the first five years after curative surgical resection. As intensified follow-up after curative surgical resection has shown no effect on survival, patient organisations and policy makers have advocated for a more patient-centred approach to follow-up...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of Brain Gym exercise on preschool children's balance achievement. METHOD: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at EL-Moasis kindergarten from May to September 2021, and comprised preschool children of either gender aged 4-6 years who were randomised into intervention group A which received Brain Gym exercise for 15-30 minutes per day, three times a week, for eight consecutive weeks, and control group B which received the usual kindergarten activities...

INTRODUCTION: Telerehabilitation is an accessible service delivery model that may support innovative lower extremity rehabilitation programmes that extend the stroke recovery continuum into the community. Unfortunately, there is limited evidence on the provision of exercises for lower extremity recovery after stroke delivered using telerehabilitation. In response, we developed the TeleRehabilitation with Aims to Improve Lower extremity recovery poststroke (TRAIL) programme, a 4-week progressive exercise and self-management intervention delivered synchronously using video-conferencing technology...

OBJECTIVE: To review the use (dosage parameters and combination with other therapeutic interventions) of cervical extensor muscle exercises and their effect on pain, disability (primary outcomes), range of motion, endurance and strength (secondary outcomes) in people with neck pain. DATA SOURCES: An extensive literature search was conducted through MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus (Elsevier) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) up to May 2023. The reference lists of all included studies and relevant reviews were screened for additional studies...