Osteosarcoma of lung metastasis

BACKGROUND: The immune checkpoint blockade remains obscure in osteosarcoma (OS). We aim to explore the clinical significance of soluble immune checkpoint (ICK)-related proteins in OS. METHODS: We profiled 14 soluble ICK-related proteins (BTLA, GITR, HVEM, IDO, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIM-3, CD28, CD80, CD137, CD27, and CTLA-4) in the plasma of 76 OS patients and matched controls. We evaluated the associations between the biomarkers and the risk of OS using unconditional multivariate logistic regression...

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological findings of metastatic tumors and primary brain tumors affecting the fornix. Methods  Between January 2015 and March 2023, we retrospectively evaluated 1087 patients of both sexes who underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for a preliminary diagnosis of intracranial malignancy in the radiology department of our hospital. Two radiologists with six and 10 years of experience in MRI examination assessed the relationship between primary and metastatic tumors and the fornix...

BACKGROUND: Treatment for osteosarcoma, a paediatric bone cancer with no therapeutic advances in over three decades, is limited by a lack of targeted therapies. Osteosarcoma frequently metastasises to the lungs, and only 20% of patients survive 5 years after the diagnosis of metastatic disease. We found that WNT5B is the most abundant WNT expressed in osteosarcoma tumours and its expression correlates with metastasis, histologic subtype and reduced survival. METHODS: Using tumor-spheroids to model cancer stem-like cells, we performed qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to monitor changes in gene and protein expression...

Through transcriptome sequencing, we previously identified a new osteosarcoma-specific, frequent fusion gene, LRP1-SNRNP25, and found that it played an important role in tumor cell invasion and migration. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this article, whole-genome sequencing further confirmed that the LRP1-SNRNP25 fusion gene is formed by fusion of LRP1 exon 8 and SNRNP25 exon 2. In vitro, scratch and Transwell assays demonstrated that the migration and invasion abilities of LRP1-SNRNP25-overexpressing osteosarcoma cells were significantly increased...

Chemokines play a key role in cancer processes, with CXCL1 being a well-studied example. Due to the lack of a complete summary of CXCL1's role in cancer in the literature, in this study, we examine the significance of CXCL1 in various cancers such as bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi's sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal, and skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), along with thyroid cancer. We focus on understanding how CXCL1 is involved in the cancer processes of these specific types of tumors...

Metastasis is the principal factor in poor prognosis for individuals with osteosarcoma (OS). Understanding the events that lead to metastasis is critical to develop better interventions for this disease. Alveolar macrophages are potentially involved in priming the lung microenvironment for OS metastasis, yet the mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. Since extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a known actor in primary tumor development, their potential role in OS metastagenesis through macrophage modulation is explored here...

Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent primary bone tumor in children and young adults, can often be successfully treated with standard chemotherapy and surgery when diagnosed at an early stage. However, patients presenting with metastases face significant challenges in achieving a cure. Despite advancements in classical therapies over the past few decades, clinical outcomes for osteosarcoma have not substantially improved. Recently, there has been increased understanding of the biology of osteosarcoma, leading to the identification of new therapeutic targets...

Elevated expression of long non-coding RNA homeobox A cluster antisense RNA 2 (lncRNA HOXA-AS2) is known to have prognostic value in various solid tumors. The present meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively quantify its prognostic significance across a wider spectrum of malignancies and to provide an updated synthesis of evidence that could refine prognostic models. To achieve this aim, multiple databases were carefully searched for lncRNA HOXA-AS2-related articles published in the past 10 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to demonstrate the prognostic value of lncRNA HOXA-AS2 using Stata 15...

Primary pulmonary osteosarcoma is one of the extraskeletal osteosarcomas originating from the lung with an extremely low incidence and highly invasive potential. Here we report a case of primary pulmonary osteosarcoma treated in our hospital with a literature review. The patient, a 17-year-old male, had a cough and hemoptysis for 20 days. Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT were performed in our hospital. According to pathological examination after surgery, the tumor was diagnosed as a high-grade sarcoma with remarkable osteogenesis and necrosis...

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma (OS) is still the crux of poor clinical curative effect.E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Rad18 (Rad18) contributed to doxorubicin resistance in OS, which ultimately mediated DNA damage tolerance and led to a poor prognosis and chemotherapy response in patients. METHODS: In this study, doxorubicin was loaded in the process of Fe2+ and siRad18 forming nanoparticles(FSD) through coordination, chitosan modified with cell penetrating peptide (H6R6) was synthesized and coated on the surface of the NPs(FSD-CHR)...

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma (OS) stands out as the most common bone tumor, with approximately 20% of the patients receiving a diagnosis of metastatic OS at their initial assessment. A significant challenge lies in the frequent existence of undetected metastases during the initial diagnosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess unique abilities that facilitate tumor growth, and their interaction with OS cells is crucial for metastatic spread. METHODS AND RESULTS: We demonstrated that, in vitro, MSCs exhibited a heightened migration response toward the secretome of non-metastatic OS cells...

BACKGROUND: Bone tumors account for approximately 6% of all cancers in children. Malignant bone tumors, commonly occurring in children and adolescents, are associated with high mortality and morbidity. The overall survival of children with primary malignant bone tumors is affected by the stage of disease, time of diagnosis, and treatment response. Despite advanced treatment modalities with chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, bone tumor is the third leading cause of death in children with malignancy...

The identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches are the most important challenges for osteosarcoma treatment. In fact, despite being relatively rare, recurrence and metastatic potential, particularly to the lungs, make osteosarcoma a deadly form of cancer. In fact, although current treatments, including surgery and chemotherapy, have improved survival rates, the disease's recurrence and metastasis are still unresolved complications. Insights for analyzing the still unclear molecular mechanisms of osteosarcoma development, and for finding new therapeutic targets, may arise from the study of post-translational protein modifications...

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging as important regulators of cancer pathogenesis. We reveal that the RBPs LARP4A and LARP4B are differentially overexpressed in osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma lung metastases, as well as in prostate cancer. Depletion of LARP4A and LARP4B reduced tumor growth and metastatic spread in xenografts, as well as inhibiting cell proliferation, motility, and migration. Transcriptomic profiling and high-content multiparametric analyses unveiled a central role for LARP4B, but not LARP4A, in regulating cell cycle progression in osteosarcoma and prostate cancer cells, potentially through modulating key cell cycle proteins such as Cyclins B1 and E2, Aurora B, and E2F1...

Spine metastases can result in severe neurologic compromise and decreased overall survival. Despite treatment advances, local disease progression is frequent, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) impair tumor cell replication and are influenced by properties of surrounding tissue. We hypothesize bone's dielectric properties will enhance TTFields mediated suppression of tumor growth in spine metastasis models. Computational modeling of TTFields intensity was performed following surgical resection of a spinal metastasis and demonstrated enhanced TTFields intensity within the resected vertebral body...

Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumour characterised by an aggressive metastatic potential. The tumour microenvironment, particularly the M2-polarised macrophages, is crucial for tumour progression. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a triterpenoid derivative, is recognised for its anti-inflammatory and antitumour properties. This study investigates CuB and its effect on M2 macrophage differentiation and osteosarcoma progression, aiming to contribute to new treatment strategies. In vitro, THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with PMA, IL-13 and IL-4 to induce differentiation into M2 macrophages...

BACKGROUND: Skip metastasis (SM) is a synchronous regional bone metastasis. Using new imaging modalities, the detection of SM is easier and possibly more common. We reviewed patients with SM and compared their characteristics and outcomes to other patients with osteosarcoma treated at our center. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively children (<18 years) with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma who presented from June 2006 to March 2022. Patients' characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most prevalent primary bone tumors with a high degree of metastasis and poor prognosis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular mechanism that contributes to the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, and OS cells have been reported to exhibit EMT-like characteristics. Our previous studies have shown that the interaction between tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11 (TNFRSF11A; also known as RANK) and its ligand TNFSF11 (also known as RANKL) promotes the EMT process in breast cancer cells...

Osteosarcoma is the most common tumour that develops in the chest wall of dogs; an extensive excision is the treatment of choice. Various methods have been reported for reconstruction of chest wall defects following extensive excision. The objective of this report was to describe the complete resection of an extensive costal osteosarcoma with an extended resection of the ribs and part of the diaphragm in a dog. An 11-year-old neutered, male, miniature pinscher was presented with dyspnoea: An extensive mass was observed, stretching from the right chest wall to the abdominal wall...

OBJECTIVES: Investigation of the therapeutic effect of zoledronic acid (ZA) in a preclinical model of jaw osteosarcoma (JO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of 100 μg/kg ZA administered twice a week was assessed in a xenogenic mouse model of JO. The clinical (tumor growth, development of lung metastasis), radiological (bone microarchitecture by micro-CT analysis), and molecular and immunohistochemical (TRAP, RANK/RANKL, VEGF, and CD146) parameters were investigated...