Organic

Oxidative stress (OS) develops in critically ill patients as a metabolic consequence of the immunoinflammatory and degenerative processes of the tissues. These induce increased and/or dysregulated fluxes of reactive species enhancing their pro-oxidant activity and toxicity. At the same time, OS sustains its own inflammatory and immunometabolic pathogenesis, leading to a pervasive and vitious cycle of events that contribute to defective immunity, organ dysfunction and poor prognosis. Protein damage is a key player of these OS effects; it generates increased levels of protein oxidation products and misfolded proteins in both the cellular and extracellular environment, and contributes to forms DAMPs and other proteinaceous material to be removed by endocytosis and proteostasis processes of different cell types, as endothelial cells, tissue resident monocytes-macrophages and peripheral immune cells...

Inflammation is a complex and necessary mechanism of an organ's response to biological, chemical and/or physical stimuli. In recent years, investigations on natural compounds with therapeutic actions for the treatment of different diseases have increased. Among these compounds, bromelain is highlighted, as a cysteine protease isolated from the Ananas comosus (pineapple) stem. This review aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of bromelain, as well as its pathways on inflammatory mediators, through a systematic review with in vitro studies on different cell lines...

BACKGROUND: our study aimed to identify inclisiran-related adverse events(AEs) for primary hypercholesterolemia and arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD) from the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, analyzing its links to AEs in the overall patient population and sex-specific subgroups to improve medication safety. METHODS: We analyzed inclisiran-related AEs signals by using statistical methods like Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratios (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma-Poisson Shrinker (MGPS)...

Many organic reactions rely on CO2 sources to generate important structural units and valuable chemicals. In this study, we compared the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) on the supercritical CO2 (scCO2 )-induced de/carboxylation reaction. The results showed that CBD was directly carboxylated in the ortho -position to form CBDA with up to 62% conversion. Meanwhile, CBDA decarboxylation occurred on hemp plant material via varying composition. Mechanistic studies revealed that CBD carboxylation was influenced not only by the physical properties of scCO2 , but also by the vegetable matrix...

BACKGROUND: Menstrual health is an important indicator of overall health and has large impacts on quality of life. Despite number and impact, discussion of menstruation remains largely taboo within health care. Patients and physicians are not engaging in regular, meaningful discussions on menstruation. Family physicians, as primary care providers, can facilitate these important conversations. OBJECTIVES: We sought to understand the profile of menstrual care providing family physicians and assessed physician comfort, knowledge, training, and perceived importance regarding menstrual care...

TRP channels, are non-specific cationic channels that are involved in multiple physiological processes that include salivation, cellular secretions, memory extinction and consolidation, temperature, pain, store-operated calcium entry, thermosensation and functionality of the nervous system. Here we choose to look at the evidence that decisively shows how TRP channels modulate human neuron plasticity as it relates to the molecular neurobiology of sleep/circadian rhythm. There are numerous model organisms of sleep and circadian rhythm that are the results of the absence or genetic manipulation of the non-specific cationic TRP channels...

Alkylation reactions are fundamental carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. Among them, intermolecular α-alkylation reactions of carbonyl compounds with alkenes are important because they are more atom-economical than the equivalent processes using alkyl halides. However, intermolecular reactions with nonactivated alkenes such as 1-hexene, which can allow the use of a wide range of valuable substrates, have been considered to be very challenging for a long time. In this review, radical-mediated intermolecular α-alkylation reactions of carbonyl compounds with nonactivated alkenes are discussed...

Complex temporal molecular signals play a pivotal role in the intricate biological pathways of living organisms, and cells exhibit the ability to transmit and receive information by intricately managing the temporal dynamics of their signaling molecules. Although biomimetic molecular networks are successfully engineered outside of cells, the capacity to precisely manipulate temporal behaviors remains limited. In this study, the catalysis activity of isothermal DNA polymerase (DNAP) through combined use of molecular dynamics simulation analysis and fluorescence assays is first characterized...

The long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still challenging for commercialization and mainly linked to the life span of perovskite films. Herein, a spontaneous compositional-interfacial co-modification strategy is developed based on the ion exchange reaction by introducing ammonium hexafluorophosphate (NH4 PF6 ) into antisolvent to form gradient structures through a simple one-step solvent engineering. With the assistance of the ion exchange reaction, NH4 PF6 forms a multifunctional structure to protect perovskite films from both internal and external factors for the exceptionally long-term stability of photovoltaics...

BACKGROUND: The Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) approach was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming to shift the traditional focus of care based on diseases to a function- and person-centered approach, focused on maintaining and monitoring intrinsic capacity (IC). This study aimed to investigate the ability of the ICOPE screening tool to identify older people with clinically meaningful impairments in IC domains. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included 603 older adults, participants (mean age 74...

The Internet of Things (IoT) includes billions of sensors and actuators (which we refer to as IoT devices) that harvest data from the physical world and send it via the Internet to IoT applications to provide smart IoT services and products. Deploying, managing, and maintaining IoT devices for the exclusive use of an individual IoT application is inefficient and involves significant costs and effort that often outweigh the benefits. On the other hand, enabling large numbers of IoT applications to share available third-party IoT devices, which are deployed and maintained independently by a variety of IoT device providers, reduces IoT application development costs, time, and effort...

Recently, the utilization of metal halide perovskites in sensing and their application in environmental studies have reached a new height. Among the different metal halide perovskites, cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3 ; X = Cl, Br, and I) and composites have attracted great interest in sensing applications owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Most CsPbX3 nanostructures and composites possess great structural stability, luminescence, and electrical properties for developing distinct optical and photonic devices...

This research paper presents a case study on the application of Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOX)-based VOC/TVOC sensors for indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring. This study focuses on the ease of use and the practical benefits of these sensors, drawing insights from measurements conducted in a university laboratory setting. The investigation showcases the straightforward integration of MOX-based sensors into existing IAQ monitoring systems, highlighting their user-friendly features and the ability to provide precise and real-time information on volatile organic compound concentrations...

One of the main methods of the path localization of moving objects is positioning using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) in cooperation with Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs). Its basic task is to provide high availability, in particular in areas with limited access to satellite signals such as forests, tunnels or urban areas. The aim of the article is to carry out the testing and analysis of selected navigation parameters (3D position coordinates (Northing, Easting, and height) and Euler angles (pitch and roll)) of the GNSS/INS system for Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) path localization during inland hydrographic surveys...

The objective of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is to locate samples from a database that are akin to a query, relying on the content embedded within the images. A contemporary strategy involves calculating the similarity between compact vectors by encoding both the query and the database images as global descriptors. In this work, we propose an image retrieval method by using hierarchical K-means clustering to efficiently organize the image descriptors within the database, which aims to optimize the subsequent retrieval process...

The prevalence of hepatitis B and delta viruses (HBV/HDV) among people who use drugs (PWUD) remains largely unknown. In the context of one Philadelphia-based harm reduction organization (HRO), this study aimed to assess HBV/HDV prevalence and facilitate linkage to care. Participants completed a demographic HBV/HDV risk factor survey and were screened for HBV and reflexively for HDV if positive for HBV surface antigen or isolated core antibody. Fisher's exact tests and regression were used to understand relationships between risks and HBV blood markers...

Reactivation and infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are frequently observed in recipients of solid organ transplants, bone marrow transplants, and individuals with HIV infection. This presents an increasing risk of allograft rejection, opportunistic infection, graft failure, and patient mortality. Among immunocompromised hosts, interstitial pneumonia is the most critical clinical manifestation of CMV infection. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential therapeutic benefits of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exos) in preclinical models of acute lung injury, including pneumonia, ARDS, and sepsis...

There has been substantial progress in the Mediterranean countries regarding research on viroids. Twenty-nine viroid species, all belonging to Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae genera, have been detected in the Mediterranean Basin. Not only have detection methods, such as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, been used for viroid detection, along with molecular hybridization techniques allowing for rapid detection, identification, and characterization of known and novel viroids in these countries, but eradication measures have also been taken that allowed for the efficient elimination of certain viroids in a number of Mediterranean countries...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious Gammacoronavirus causing moderate to severe respiratory infection in chickens. Understanding the initial antiviral response in the respiratory mucosa is crucial for controlling viral spread. We aimed to characterize the impact of IBV Delmarva (DMV)/1639 and IBV Massachusetts (Mass) 41 at the primary site of infection, namely, in chicken tracheal epithelial cells (cTECs) in vitro and the trachea in vivo. We hypothesized that some elements of the induced antiviral responses are distinct in both infection models...

Plants can respond to insect infestation and virus infection by inducing plant defenses, generally mediated by phytohormones. Moreover, plant defenses alter host quality for insect vectors with consequences for the spread of viruses. In agricultural settings, other organisms commonly interact with plants, thereby inducing plant defenses that could affect plant-virus-vector interactions. For example, plant defenses induced by omnivorous insects can modulate insect behavior. This study focused on tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a plant virus of the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus ...