Patient safety

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AIMS OF THE STUDY: Listeriosis is a notifiable disease in Switzerland. In summer 2022, the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health noticed an increase in reports of listeriosis cases, indicating a possible ongoing outbreak. Here we present the approaches applied for rapidly confirming the outbreak, detecting the underlying source of infection and the measures put in place to eliminate it and contain the outbreak. METHODS: For close surveillance and early detection of outbreak situations with their possible sources, listeriosis patients in Switzerland are systematically interviewed about risk behaviours and foods consumed prior to the infection...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent ovarian cancer (OC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge with limited treatment success. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a potential treatment avenue, necessitating a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate their efficacy and safety. METHODS: Adhering to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, culminating in the inclusion of studies focusing on the treatment of recurrent OC with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors...

BACKGROUND: Postcholecystectomy diarrhea (PCD) is among the most distressing and well-known clinical complications of cholecystectomy. Despite various available treatment options, clinical outcomes are greatly limited by unclear pathophysiological mechanisms. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely used as a complementary and alternative therapy for the treatment of functional diarrhea. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CHM for the treatment of PCD...

PURPOSE: There is still controversy regarding the safety and efficacy of cold knife visual internal urethrotomy and laser incisions for the treatment of urethral stricture. This study aims to compare the results of postoperative long-term and short-term maximum urinary flow rates (Qmax), surgical time, postoperative complications, and 1-year recurrence rates between the cold knife and laser surgery. METHODS: We searched databases including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinical Trials...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of different oral ginkgo-based Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) regimens for hypertension patients were analyzed based on the network meta-analysis of the frequency framework. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database to gather data on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of 8 ginkgo biloba oral preparations for the treatment of hypertension...

The objective of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted surgery and traditional open surgery for pediatric incarcerated inguinal hernia. A total of 58 pediatric patients with indirect incarcerated inguinal hernia between January 2014 and January 2020 were included in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups; observational group who underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery (n = 36), and a control group who underwent traditional open surgery (n = 22)...

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the efficacy of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in reducing postoperative delirium (POD) and modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar compression fracture surgery. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from October 2022 to January 2023 at Anting Hospital in Shanghai, 218 elderly patients were randomized into DEX (n = 110) and normal saline (NS, n = 108) groups...

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to estimate the relative efficacy and safety of different biological agents (infliximab, canakinumab, baricitinib, anakinra, adalimumab, tofacitinib, tocilizumab, and rilonacept) compared with placebo for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients, through a network meta-analysis. METHODS: Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to July 2023 for randomized controlled trials comparing different biological agents (infliximab, canakinumab, baricitinib, anakinra, adalimumab, tofacitinib, tocilizumab, and rilonacept) or placebo directly or indirectly in JIA...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The application of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with targeted therapy and immunotherapy (TACE-T-I) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has gained increasing attention. However, there are variations in the efficacy and safety outcomes between TACE-T-I versus TACE combined with targeted drugs (TACE-T). This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE-T-I versus TACE-T in unresectable HCC. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to August 21, 2023, for comparative studies on TACE-T-I versus TACE-T for unresectable HCC...

BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common type of pain in clinic. Due to the limited effect of drug treatment, many patients with NP are still troubled by this disease. In recent years, complementary and alternative therapy (CAT) has shown good efficacy in the treatment of NP. As the interest in CAT for NP continues to grow, we conducted a bibliometric study of publications on CAT treatment for NP. The aim of this study is to analyze the development overview, research hotspots and future trends in the field of CAT and NP through bibliometric methodology, so as to provide a reference for subsequent researchers...

BACKGROUND: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a long-term and complex chronic disease that seriously affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of patients. Massage, as one of the methods in traditional Chinese medicine, can treat both symptoms and root causes and is widely used to treat CFS. The main purpose is to systematically evaluate the impact of massage therapy on the efficacy and safety of CFS patients, providing a reference for clinical practice. METHODS: By searching for literature published in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database until November 2023, randomized controlled trial studies were selected according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria...

INTRODUCTION: Maternal epilepsy is a critical condition that can significantly affect mothers and fetuses. Notably, the admission of a laboring mother with uncontrolled refractory status epilepticus (RSE) to the operating room presents a challenging scenario for anesthesiologists. THE MAIN SYMPTOMS OF THE PATIENT AND THE IMPORTANT CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 30-year-old primigravida was transferred to the operating room for an emergency cesarean section. Cesarean section was performed after a provisional diagnosis of preeclampsia was made...

INTRODUCTION: Multiple pharmacological interventions have been studied for managing eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We performed a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis of all available randomized controlled trials (RCT) to assess the efficacy and safety of these interventions in EoE in adults and children. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive review of Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE OVID, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science through May 10, 2023. We performed frequentist approach network meta-analysis using random effects model...

INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are considered standard treatments for stage II seminoma patients; however, these therapies are associated with long-term toxicities. Recently, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection has emerged as an alternative strategy, and the first three phase II trials were published in 2023 with promising results. The present study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate this surgery as an alternative treatment for stage IIA/B seminoma patients...

BACKGROUND: Although culprit-only revascularization during the index procedure has been recommended in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS), the reduction of residual ischemia is also emphasized to improve clinical outcomes. However, few data are available about the significance of residual ischemia in patients undergoing mechanical circulatory supports. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of residual ischemia on clinical outcomes in AMI patients undergoing venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO)...

BACKGROUND: The implementation of modified, all-oral shorter regimens for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis has started in Armenia since August 2020 under the conditions of operational research. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of shorter regimens. METHODS: We evaluated cumulative incidence rates of serious adverse events, adverse events of grade 3 and greater and events resulting in treatment modifications or suspension for 52 study participants...

BACKGROUND: Delamanid (DLM) is a relatively new drug for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) that has been used in Indonesia since 2019 despite its limited safety data. DLM is known to inhibit hERG potassium channel with the potential to cause QT prolongation which eventually leads to Torsades de pointes (TdP). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyse the changes of QTc interval in DR-TB patients on DLM regimen compared to shorter treatment regimens (STR). METHODS: A retrospective cohort was implemented on secondary data obtained from two participating hospitals...

AIMS: This study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), clip-and-snare assisted endoscopic mucosal resection (CS-EMR), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the endoscopic resection of rectal NETs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 47 patients with rectal NETs who underwent endoscopic treatment in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Manifestations of clinic pathological characteristics, complications, procedure time and hospitalization costs were studied...

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Lifestyle intervention remains a preferred treatment modality for NAFLD. The glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been developed as new glucose-lowering drugs, which can improve fatty liver via an insulin-independent glucose-lowering effect. However, studies exploring the efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with NAFLD and T2DM are scanty...