Stratified squamous

Congenital upper lip sinus (CULS) is an extremely rare anomaly. The aim of the study is to present a new case and compile the present knowledge of CULS to help foster a deeper understanding of this disease. A 9-year-old girl with a midline CULS, a prolonged maxillary labial frenulum, and a palatal epulis is presented. Thirty-nine papers met the eligibility criteria and 45 cases were included in the systematic review. CULS shows typical clinical and pathologic characteristics. It tends to occur at the midline region horizontally (n=35; 78%) and the upper part of the white lip (n=23; 51%) vertically...

BACKGROUND: Current staging systems have limitations in stratifying high-risk cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Tumor budding (TB) has emerged as a potential prognostic factor in various cancers. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of TB in predicting lymph node metastases (NM) in cSCC. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was conducted...

OBJECTIVES: We encountered patients with a congenital cutaneous sinus tract in the sternoclavicular joint region, which we designate as "congenital sternoclavicular sinus (CSCS)." The aim of this investigation is to enhance recognition of this subtle yet noteworthy entity and develop standardized protocols for its management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 2013 and 2023, 172 patients, including 78 males and 94 females, were referred to our institution for the management of CSCS...

OBJECTIVE: Immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a prevalent form of immunotherapy-induced pulmonary toxicity, ranking among the leading causes of mortality associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Despite its significance, the risk stratification of CIP in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis, comparing various factors such as histological types, treatment regimens, PD-L1 expression levels, and EGFR/ALK negativity in advanced NSCLC...

OBJECTIVE: Extranodal extension (ENE) is an important prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of stratifying minor or major ENE in OSCC. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included 75 patients who had undergone neck dissection for OSCC and were classified as pN+. ENE was measured using hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens and stratified into major (ENEma, >2 mm) and minor (ENEmi, ≤2 mm) by distance...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: TP53 loss-of-function (TP53LOF) mutations might be a driver of poor prognosis and chemoresistance in both human papillomavirus (HPV)-independent (HPV-) and HPV-associated (HPV+) penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). Here, we aim to describe transcriptomic differences in the PSCC microenvironment stratified by TP53LOF and HPV status. METHODS: We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and T-cell receptor sequencing to obtain a comprehensive atlas of the cellular architecture of PSCC...

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), an extremely aggressive tumor, is often associated with poor outcomes. The standard anatomy-based tumor-node-metastasis staging system does not satisfy the requirements for screening treatment-sensitive patients. Thus, an ideal biomarker leading to precise screening and treatment of HNSCC is urgently needed. METHODS: Ten machine learning algorithms-Lasso, Ridge, stepwise Cox, CoxBoost, elastic network (Enet), partial least squares regression for Cox (plsRcox), random survival forest (RSF), generalized boosted regression modelling (GBM), supervised principal components (SuperPC), and survival support vector machine (survival-SVM)-as well as 85 algorithm combinations were applied to construct and identify a consensus immune-derived gene signature (CIDGS)...

BACKGROUND: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that play an important role in cellular protection against stress events and have been reported to be overexpressed in many cancers. The prognostic significance of HSPs and their regulatory factors, such as heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and CHIP, are poorly understood. AIM: To investigate the relationship between HSP expression and prognosis in esophageal and esophagogastric cancer. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA recommendations (PROSPERO: CRD42022370653), on Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and LILACS...

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant global health challenge. The identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers and construction of an accurate prognostic model are crucial. METHODS: In this study, mRNA expression data and clinical data of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used. Overlapping candidate genes (OCGs) were identified by intersecting differentially expressed genes and prognosis-related genes. Best prognostic genes were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression based on OCGs, and a risk score was developed using the Cox coefficient of each gene...

BACKGROUND: Our previous study suggests that tumor CD8+ T cells and macrophages (defined as CD68+ cells) infiltration underwent dynamic and heterogeneous changes during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in cervical cancer patients, which correlated with their short-term tumor response. This study aims to develop a CT image-based radiomics signature for such dynamic changes. METHODS: Thirty cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients, who were treated with CCRT followed by brachytherapy, were included in this study...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant form of esophageal cancer and is characterized by an unfavorable prognosis. To elucidate the distinct molecular alterations in ESCC and investigate therapeutic targets, we performed a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic data derived from 60 paired treatment-naive ESCC and adjacent non-tumor tissue samples. Additionally, we conducted a correlation analysis to describe the regulatory relationship between transcriptomic and proteomic processes, revealing alterations in key metabolic pathways...

The feeding habits and habitats of fish influence the morphology of the oral cavity. This study used gross anatomy, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, in addition to morphometric analysis, to investigate the anatomical characteristics of the oral cavity roof in Pagrus pagrus and Boops boops, which have different dietary habits. The oral cavity roof appeared U-shaped and divided into the palate and upper pharyngeal regions. The upper lip of P. pagrus was broad, while B. boops' upper lip was small and thin...

The intratarsal keratinous cyst (IKC) is a recently described entity, often clinically misdiagnosed as a chalazion. We report a case of a 61-year-old male patient with a chief complaint of a small lesion on the upper eyelid that evolved over six months. On physical examination, an asymptomatic, firm nodule was identified on the left upper eyelid. The patient reported no history of trauma. A provisional diagnosis of chalazion was established, and an excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathologically, the lesion was lined with a stratified squamous epithelium, with a corrugated epithelial surface showing abrupt keratinization without keratohyalin granules, and compact keratinous-appearing material in the cystic lumen...

Across cervical squamous and glandular lesions, a spectrum of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes has been identified. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary detailing the distribution and profile of HPV genotypes detected in cervical lesions, leveraging insights from histological and cytological findings. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes exhibit varying degrees of oncogenic potential, with HPV16 and HPV18 identified as the most prevalent and oncogenic types. The distribution of HR-HPV genotypes varies among different degrees of the cervical lesions and varies between squamous and glandular neoplasia...

The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a critical factor in the initiation and progression of tumors. In this investigation, we aim to characterize the molecular subtypes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on their association with fatty acid metabolism and develop a prognostic risk model. The transcriptomic and clinical data about HNSCC were obtained from public databases. Clustering analysis was conducted on fatty acid metabolism genes (FAMG) associated with prognosis, utilizing the non-negative matrix factorization algorithm...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by molecular heterogeneity with various immune cell infiltration patterns, which have been associated with therapeutic sensitivity and resistance. In particular, dendritic cells (DCs) are recently discovered to be associated with prognosis and survival in cancer. However, how DCs differ among ESCC patients has not been fully comprehended. Recently, the advance of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables us to profile the cell types, states, and lineages in the heterogeneous ESCC tissues...

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common type and accounts for 90% of all head and neck cancer cases. Despite advances in early diagnosis and treatment strategies-chemotherapy, surgical resection, and radiotherapy-5-year survival remains grim. For patients with early-stage HNSCC, accurately predicting clinical outcomes is challenging. Considering the pivotal role of the immune system in HNSCC, we developed a reliable immune-related gene signature (IRGS) and explored its predictive accuracy in patients with early-stage HNSCC...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) presents a five-year survival rate below 20%, underscoring the need for improved prognostic markers. Our study analyzed ESCC-specific datasets to identify consistently differentially expressed genes. A Venn analysis followed by gene network interactions revealed 23 key genes, from which we built a prognostic model using the COX algorithm ( p  = 0.000245, 3-year AUC = 0.967). This model stratifies patients into risk groups, with high-risk individuals showing worse outcomes and lower chemotherapy sensitivity...

Compared with those in adenocarcinoma, PIK3CA mutations are more common in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which arises from stratified squamous epithelia that are usually exposed to adverse environmental factors. Although hotspot mutations in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA, including E542K, E545K, H1047L and H1047R, are frequently encountered in the clinic, their clinicopathological meaning remains to be determined in the context of SCC. Considering that few reviews on PIK3CA mutations in SCC are available in the literature, we undertook this review to shed light on the clinical significance of PIK3CA mutations, mainly regarding the implications and ramifications of PIK3CA mutations in malignant cell behavior, prognosis, relapse or recurrence and chemo- or radioresistance of SCC...

BACKGROUND: To further identify the association between the lymph node micrometastasis (LNM) and long-term survival among pN0 esophageal cancer patients receiving the surgery. METHODS: Several databases were searched for relevant studies up to June 22, 2023. The primary and secondary outcomes were separately overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined. Subgroup analysis based on pathological type and source of HR was further performed...