Colton blood group system

The recent identification of the red cell water transporter (AQP1) has led to the identification of the "aquaporins", a new class of membrane proteins which function as water-selective transport proteins and are involved in many physiological processes. Identification of the chromosomal localization of the corresponding gene led to the recognition that AQP1 is the structural basis of the Colton blood group antigens. Analysis of individuals with the Colton null phenotype led to the recognition that homozygosity for knockout mutations in the corresponding gene is exceedingly rare but is without a significant clinical phenotype, predicting a redundancy in expression of other aquaporin homologs...

Genetic studies of the families of two unrelated propositi prove that the low-incidence antigen ELO (ISBT No. 700.51) is not part of the MNS, Rh, Duffy, Kidd, Xg, Kx and Gerbich blood group systems and indicate that it is probably not part of the Lutheran, Scianna, Dombrock or Colton systems. Serological studies indicate exclusion from the Kell and Chido/Rodgers systems. Although the ELO antigen is rare, anti-ELO is not uncommon in sera containing at least one specificity for a low-incidence antigen.

BACKGROUND: Mild cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn were being studied when it was recognized that the propositi's red cells carried a novel antigen. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Serologic and genetic studies of a new low-incidence antigen, LOCR (International Society of Blood Transfusion series number 700.53), were performed. RESULTS: The antigen is associated with altered expression of the Rh antigen c in two unrelated families and in a third proposita and with an altered expression of e in a fourth proposita...

The gene encoding the urea transporter of human erythrocytes (HUT11 clone) has been cloned recently (Olives, B., Neau, P., Bailly, P., Hediger, M. A., Rousselet, G., Cartron, J. P., and Ripoche, P. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 31649-31652). Now, this gene has been assigned to chromosome 18q12-q21 by in situ hybridization, as also found for the Kidd (Jk) blood group locus. In coupled transcription-translation assays, the HUT11 cDNA directed the synthesis of a 36-kDa protein which was immunoprecipitated by a human anti-Jk3 antibody produced by immunized Jk(a-b-) donors whose red cells lack Kidd antigens...

Blood group antigens are structural variants in surface carbohydrate or amino acid polymorphisms on extracellular domains of membrane proteins. The red cell water channel-forming integral protein (Aquaporin CHIP) is a homotetramer with only one N-glycosylated subunit, however no CHIP-associated blood group antigens have yet been identified. Immunoblotting, monosaccharide composition analysis, and selective glycosidase digestions revealed that the CHIP-associated oligosaccharide contains ABH determinants and resembles a band 3-type glycan that cannot be cleaved from intact membranes by Peptide:N-glycosidase F...

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A "new" red cell antigen has been found so far only in members of Hutterite kindreds with the surname Waldner. The antigen, Wd(a), is inherited as an autosomal dominant and is not part of the ABO, Chido, Colton, Dombrock, Duffy, Kidd, MN, P, or Rh blood group systems.

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Transmural accumulations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were examined in the blood vessel walls of four squirrel monkeys. Vascular wall concentrations of LDL were measured using quantitative autoradiography after 125I-labeled LDL circulation for 30 min. Profiles of relative tissue concentration from different sections in the same region were similar to each other, and there was little animal-to-animal variation. Concentrations were highest near the luminal endothelium, lower near the medial-adventitial border, and lowest within the media...

To evaluate the usefulness of extended immunoglobulin allotyping compared to the conventional number of reagents in general use, 1,896 cases of disputed paternity tested for HLA, immunoglobulin allotypes (IGH, [GM, AM] and KM) and red blood cell markers (RBC) (ABO, RH, MNS, Kidd, Duffy, Kell, Colton, Lutheran, and Lewis) were analyzed. There were 1,289 cases in which both the mother and alleged father were Black, 548 cases in which the mother and alleged father were White and 59 cases that were either mixed or of different ethnic groups...

During the 1950's and 60's as new blood group systems were identified, antigen distribution studies were performed in Europe and North America among Caucasians and American Blacks. However, to date only limited studies have been performed in Africa and Asia. Because of lack of knowledge of the antigen distribution of most other than ABO and Rho (D) blood group systems within these areas and among the people of non-Caucasian races, questions of testing needs and problems have occurred. In recent years, three big matters have been encountered off and on in blood banking in Taiwan...

The low frequency antigen Orriss (Or) was found on the erythrocytes of a healthy blood donor. A subsequent family investigation showed Or to segregate independently of the Rh, Colton and Kidd blood group systems; however, it appeared to be inherited with the Ms gene complex. Studies carried out demonstrated that sialoglycoproteins (SGPs) extracted from Or+ erythrocytes specifically neutralize anti-Or and that all Or+ individuals tested carry an M antigen which is more resistant to trypsin treatment than the M antigen of Or- erythrocytes...

A material of normal Danish families was tested for a number of genetic marker systems and analyzed for linkage. For the Colton-Kidd relationship the lod score was + 2.57. The Kidd system has earlier been tentatively assigned to chromosome 7 (Schokeir et al. 1973). The present data therefore permit a tentative assignment to chromosome 7 of the Colton system as well. The data also suggest that the discovery by Chapelle et al. (1975) of a conjunction of monosomy for chromosome 7 in the bone marrow of certain leukemia patients and absence of Colton antigen from the red cells may now be interpreted as being connected with location on chromosome 7 of the Colton system...

A family with an insertional type of chromosome rearrangement involving chromosomes 7 and 13 is reported. An interstitial deletion of a segment of chromosome 7 (7q32 leads to 34) had been inserted into the long arm of chromosome 13 at breakpoint q32. Segregation of this chromosome rearrangement gave rise to three subjects who were monosomic for the involved segment of chromosome 7. The karyotypes were: 46,XX, or XY,der(7)ins(13;7) (q32;q32q34). All three subjects were mentally retarded and had minor dysmorphic features...

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The rare case of a minus phenotype in the colton-blood group system in a Para 3 Anti Coa, Cob is reported. In two deliveries the newborns had a positive coombs test. The hemolytic disease was mild. The possibility to obtain compatible blood from other children is mentioned.