Candida auris

Multi resistant fungi are on the rise, and our arsenal compounds are limited to few choices in the market such as polyenes, pyrimidine analogs, azoles, allylamines, and echinocandins. Although each of these drugs featured a unique mechanism, antifungal resistant strains did emerge and continued to arise against them worldwide. Moreover, the genetic variation between fungi and their host humans is small, which leads to significant challenges in new antifungal drug discovery. Endophytes are still an underexplored source of bioactive secondary metabolites...

Candida auris represents one of the most urgent threats to public health, although its ecology remains largely unknown. Because amphibians and reptiles may present favorable conditions for C. auris colonization, cloacal and blood samples (n = 68), from several snake species, were cultured and molecularly screened for C. auris using molecular amplification of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) protein-encoding genes and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Candida auris was isolated from the cloacal swab of one Egyptian cobra (Naja haje legionis) and molecularly identified in its cloaca and blood...

INTRODUCTION: In Germany, the growing incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is a significant health concern, particularly impacting individuals with compromised immune systems due to factors like increasing transplant recipients, an ageing population, and heightened use of immunosuppressive medications. Diagnosing IFI remains challenging, and the integration of biomarker assays into clinical practice is difficult. Antifungal resistance, exemplified by pan-antifungal-resistant Candida auris cases, adds complexity to treatment...

Candida auris is an emerging pathogen responsible for healthcare-associated infections and outbreaks. This organism has a high tolerance to both high temperatures and high salinity. We describe our experience with a C. auris outbreak in an 8-bed inpatient burn unit at an academic medical center.

Candida vulturna is a recently discovered and not widely documented ascomycetous yeast phylogenetically related to the outbreak-causing and multidrug-resistant Candida auris . A middle-aged Japanese man with no discernible immunodeficiency was admitted to hospital with ileal diverticulitis. Following laparoscopic right hemicolectomy against abscess formation on postoperative day (POD) 7, continuous fungemia occurred due to Candida haemulonii, identified using a conventional method by confirming the biochemical phenotype...

Candida auris has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a critical priority pathogen on its latest list of fungi. C. auris infections are reported in the bloodstream and less commonly in the cerebrospinal fluid and abdomen, with mortality rates that range between 30% and 72%. However, no large-scale epidemiology studies have been reported until now. The diagnosis of C. auris infections can be challenging, particularly when employing conventional techniques. This can impede the early detection of outbreaks and the implementation of appropriate control measures...

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) pose a significant risk to global health, impacting millions of individuals globally. These infections have increased rates of morbidity and mortality due to the prevalence of widespread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Graphene-based nanoparticles (GBNs) are known to possess extensive antimicrobial properties by inflicting damage to the cell membrane, suppressing virulence, and inhibiting microbial biofilms. Developing alternative therapies for HAIs and addressing AMR can be made easier and more affordable by combining nanoparticles with medicinal plants harboring antimicrobial properties...

This mini-review summarizes the clinical outcomes and antifungal susceptibility results, where available, for three new antifungals, including fosmanogepix, ibrexafungerp, and rezafungin, against Candida isolates cultured from patients in clinical trials. When reported, most of the data were generated by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution method or by both the CLSI and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) methodologies. For fosmanogepix, we summarize the in vitro data for C...

Candida auris , a multidrug-resistant yeast, poses significant challenges in healthcare settings worldwide. Understanding its environmental reservoirs is crucial for effective control strategies. This systematic review aimed to review the literature regarding the natural and environmental reservoirs of C. auris . Following the PRISMA guidelines, published studies until October 2023 were searched in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Information regarding the origin, sampling procedure, methods for laboratory identification, and antifungal susceptibility was collected and analyzed...

Increasingly common and associated with healthcare settings, Candida infections are very important, since some species of this genus can develop antifungal resistance. We contribute data on the epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility, and genetic diversity of Candida non- albicans and non- auris affecting critically ill patients in a fourth-level hospital in Colombia. Ninety-seven isolates causing invasive infections, identified by conventional methods over 18 months, were studied. Data from patients affected by these yeasts, including sex, age, comorbidities, treatment, and outcome, were analysed...

Pathogenic fungi are an increasing health threat due to the rise in drug resistance. The limited number of antifungals currently available and growing incidence of multi-drug-resistant fungi has caused rising healthcare costs and a decreased quality of life for patients with fungal infections. Nitric oxide (NO) has previously been shown to act as an antimicrobial agent, albeit with a limited understanding of the effects of the NO-release kinetics against pathogenic fungi. Herein, the antifungal effects of four nitric oxide-releasing small molecules were studied against the pathogenic fungi Candida albicans , Candida auris , Cryptococcus neoformans , and Aspergillus fumigatus , to demonstrate the broad-spectrum antifungal activity of NO...

BACKGROUND: We investigated the spectrum of infection and risk factors for invasive fungal disease due to Candida auris (CA) in Qatar. METHODS: We performed structured chart reviews on individuals with any positive CA culture between May 2019 and December 2022 at three tertiary care hospitals in Qatar. Invasive CA disease (ICAD) was defined as a positive sterile site culture, or any positive culture for CA with appropriate antifungal prescription. Main outcomes included proportion of individuals who developed ICAD among those with positive cultures, and 30-day/in-hospital mortality...

BACKGROUND: Technologies that provides safe and effective decontamination of surfaces and equipment between episodes of manual cleaning could be an important advance in efforts to prevent transmission of the emerging fungal pathogen Candida auris . METHODS: We tested the efficacy of a novel wall-mounted far ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light technology that delivers far UV-C, when people are not detected within the field of illumination, against C. auris isolates from clades I, II, III, and IV using a quantitative disk carrier test method...

The emergent fungal pathogen Candida auris is increasingly recognised as an important cause of healthcare-associated infections globally. It is highly transmissible, adaptable, and persistent, resulting in an organism with significant outbreak potential that risks devastating consequences. Progress in the ability to identify C. auris in clinical specimens is encouraging, but laboratory diagnostic capacity and surveillance systems are lacking in many countries. Intrinsic resistance to commonly used antifungals, combined with the ability to rapidly acquire resistance to therapy, substantially restricts treatment options and novel agents are desperately needed...

Candida auris is a multidrug resistant (MDR) fungal pathogen that is associated with nosocomial outbreaks in patients with extensive healthcare exposure and treatment outside of the US. The Ohio Department of Health recommends C. auris screening in high risk patients. However, this can be operationally difficult for many healthcare facilities. This report describes a C. auris and Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) inpatient screening program done in collaboration with state public health.

Two new cyclic dipeptides, paranazzamides A (1) and B (2) containing a C7-prenylated tryptophan, were isolated from a culture broth of snake fungal disease-isolate Paranannizziopsis sp. UH-21. This is the first report on the new secondary metabolites from Paranannizziopsis sp. The planar structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using various spectroscopic techniques including MS and 1D/2D NMR. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned by comparison with the synthesized compound. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited no antifungal activity, no antibacterial activity, and no cytotoxic activity even at a concentration of 128 µg ml-1 , whereas 1 and 2 exhibited amphotericin B potentiating activity against Candida auris in combination treatment...

Candida auris, a rapidly emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, poses a global health threat, with cases reported in over 47 countries. Conventional detection methods struggle, and the increasing resistance of C. auris to antifungal agents has limited treatment options. Nanoparticle-based therapies, utilizing materials like silver, carbon, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, polymer, and gold, show promise in effectively treating cutaneous candidiasis. This review explores recent advancements in nanoparticle-based therapies, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize antifungal therapy, particularly in combating C...

Introduction. Innovative antifungal therapies are of crucial importance to combat the potentially life-threatening infections linked to the multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen Candida auris . Induction of regulated cell death, apoptosis, could provide an outline for future therapeutics. Human antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), well-known antifungal compounds, have shown the ability to induce apoptosis in pathogenic fungi. Hypothesis/Gap Statement . Although it is known that AMPs possess antifungal activity against C...

Candida spp. can be found in the human microbiome. However, immunocompromised patients are likely to develop invasive Candida infections, with mortality rates higher than 50%. The discovery of C. auris, a species that rapidly acquire antifungal resistance, increased the concern about Candida infections. The limited number of antifungal agents and the high incidence of resistance to them make imperative the development of new antifungal drugs. β-lapachone is a biological active naphthoquinone that displays antifungal activity against C...

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