rheumatic mitral valve disease

The transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER) has been recommended as a reliable treatment option for selected patients with severe degenerative and functional mitral regurgitation (MR). Although MR patients with rheumatic etiology were excluded from two significant trials (EVEREST II and COAPT) that established a role for the TEER in degenerative and functional MR. However, it has been reported that the TEER procedure could be safely and effectively performed in carefully selected rheumatic MR patients...

Despite progressively uncommon in Western countries, rheumatic heart disease still portrays a significant global burden. In elderly or high-surgical risk patients, plurivalvular disease may require a complex percutaneous approach. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with previous monoleaflet mitral prosthesis is challenging due to interference between the aortic valve and the rigid mitral mechanical prosthesis "ring." Prior cases report the use of CoreValve or Edwards Sapien aortic valves in patients with adequate mitro-aortic distance...

BACKGROUND: Rheumatic heart disease is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing nations and is a leading cause of hospital admission due to cardiac problems in our country. This study will evaluate the association between left atrial size and the occurrence of atrial fibrillation and describe the clinical characteristics along with complications related to Rheumatic Mitral valve disease. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center from January 2018 to December 2019...

There is a broad spectrum of mitral valve diseases ranging from young patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis up to older patients with secondary mitral valve regurgitation and numerous comorbidities. A profound understanding of the etiology, anatomical characteristics of mitral valve diseases and current treatment options is necessary to be able to prepare a patient-centered treatment approach. The interdisciplinary collaboration of referring physicians, interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, heart failure and imaging specialists as well as anesthesiologists is a cornerstone of optimal patient treatment...

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) need early medical attention and follow-up, most patients in developing countries tend to present with debilitating complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the echocardiographic features of adult individuals diagnosed with RHD and examine the associated complications among patients who started follow-up at Jimma Medical Center's (JMC) cardiac follow-up clinic. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at JMC between January 5 and April 15, 2023...

BACKGROUND: Efficacy of balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) in low gradient severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) is not very well defined. This study was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes of BMV in low gradient severe rheumatic MS. METHODS: Severe MS was defined as mitral valve area < 1.5 cm2 . Low gradient was defined as mean diastolic trans -mitral gradient (MG) < 10 mmHg and low flow as stroke volume index < 35 ml/m2 on echocardiography...

Objective: To examine the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing total thoracoscopic aortic-mitral double-valve replacement. Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 50 patients who underwent double-valve replacement under a total thoracoscopic two-port approach from November 2021 to August 2022 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 32 males and 18 females, with an age of (55.3±8...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death (CVD) globally. Mitral Valve repair (MVP) and mitral valve replacement (MVR) are the two most commonly and successfully used techniques to treat the disease. MVP is associated with reduced post-operative complications compared to MVR; however, it carries the risk of valvular fibrosis and scarring. Given the lack of recommendations, inconsistent findings, and paucity of pathophysiological evidence at present, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematically review the available literature to determine the efficacy and safety of MVP compared to MVR in improving clinical outcomes among patients with RHD...

INTRODUCTION: The choice of an artificial mitral valve (MV) is a crucial clinical decision that affects the long-term survival and quality of life of patients. However, current guidelines recommend selecting MV based on patient age and life expectancy at the time of MV replacement (MVR), without considering the etiology of MV disease. This study aimed to investigate whether MV disease etiology should be considered when choosing a valve for MVR and to evaluate the impact of MV disease etiology on long-term patient survival...

A woman in her early fifties with a known case of severe rheumatic mitral stenosis presented to the out-patient department with increasing breathlessness.

Pseudoaneurysm formation often occurs when there is inadequate sealing at an arterial puncture site. We present the case of a 27-year-old primigravida with rheumatic heart disease and a history of mitral valve replacement on anticoagulants who experienced recurrent episodes of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Despite conservative management and adjustments to anticoagulant therapy, the bleeding persisted. Further investigations revealed a small pseudoaneurysm originating from the left uterine artery. Bilateral uterine artery embolization (UAE) using polyvinyl alcohol particles was successfully performed...

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) is the first-line therapy of clinically significant rheumatic mitral stenosis. While the procedure is generally safe, new onset or aggravation of mitral regurgitation (MR) may occur, mainly due to commissural splitting and, less frequently, to leaflet tear and chordal rupture. Papillary muscle rupture (PMR) is exceedingly rare in this setting. CASE SUMMARY: A 74-year-old woman with a history of aortic valve replacement and prior rheumatic mitral commissurotomy presented for worsening exercise intolerance and exertional dyspnoea...

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) is a standard treatment for severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS). However, the prognostic significance of the change in mitral valve area (∆MVA) during PMV is not fully understood.Methods and Results: This study analyzed data from the Multicenter mitrAl STEnosis with Rheumatic etiology (MASTER) registry, which included 3,140 patients with severe RMS. We focused on patients with severe RMS undergoing their first PMV...

Percutaneous mitral valve commissurotomy (PMC) is a viable alternative to mitral valve (MV) surgery in the treatment of patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS). In this single-center retrospective study of consecutive patients with RMS submitted to PMC from 1991 to 2008, we analyzed clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic data and events during follow-up (FUP) until December 2021. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were a combined endpoint of all-cause death, cardiovascular hospitalization, and MV re-intervention...

We present a 70-year-old man with rheumatic mitral valve disease who had undergone 3 previous open-heart surgeries, the last of which was a new mitral valve replacement for a mechanical prosthesis due to early bioprosthetic endocarditis.

Mitral valve stenosis remains highly prevalent among the US population although with dramatically shifting demographics. The significance of rheumatic mitral disease in developing nations persists, despite improvements in preventative measures and early detection, and its presence in developed countries is still evident as observed through international migration. In addition, the substantial growth in the aging population with a heightened occurrence of concurrent cardiovascular risk factors is leading to an increased prevalence of chronic calcific degeneration and degeneration of previously repaired or replaced valves...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Antenatal cardiovascular disease is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Severe rheumatic mitral stenosis is especially poorly tolerated during pregnancy. CASE SUMMARY: We present a young woman with severe pulmonary hypertension secondary to rheumatic mitral stenosis. She presented at 25 weeks 4 days gestation for evaluation of a pregnancy complicated by placenta accreta spectrum disorder. Invasive hemodynamic testing was carried out to delineate her hemodynamics, and a multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics team collaborated closely with the patient and her partner to create a management plan...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate accuracy of mitral leaflet separation index for the determination of mitral stenosis severity in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. METHODS: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, from March 2021 to February 2022, and comprised patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis detected on echocardiography. The best end-diastole parasternal long axis and apical four-chamber views were acquired and Mitral leaflet separation was measured as the distance between the inner edges of the tip of mitral leaflets...