TDS

Chamwino district, central Tanzania is a semi-arid granitic complex province, where groundwater is the major source of water for domestic and other uses. However, groundwater in the area is affected by salinity, thus, lowering the availability of potable water for various uses , decrease in crop production, taste less, wastage of soap, and abnormal pain. Due to this, this study sought to characterize groundwater using hydrogeochemical facies and signatures in order to identify the factors influencing the distribution of salt water in the Chamwino Granitic Complex...

Clean water is essential for drinking, household use, and agriculture. Researchers studied 39 sites near Tamla nala and Nunia nala channels in Durgapur and Asansol City (West Bengal) to assess the deterioration level of water due to industrial discharge. During the first phase out of three, the researchers conducted a spatial representation of various physicochemical parameters, such as temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Hardness (TH), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), significant anions such as chloride (Cl- ), nitrate (NO3 - ), phosphate (PO4 -3 ), sulfate (SO4 2- ), cyanide (CN-1 ) and fluoride (F- ), as well as heavy metals/metalloids such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As)...

The beneficial reuse of produced water (PW) holds significant promise to alleviate water scarcity. However, it still suffers major limitations associated with the high cost of treatment due to energy consumption, economics of scale, and the complex physiochemical constituents. PW is a hypersaline (TDS ∼ 250,000 mg/l) oilfield water with bio-species, organic matter, anions, divalent cations, and radioactive elements. A sustainable treatment option is solar-driven floating photothermal evaporation (PTE), a desalination technology implemented for seawater characterized by simpler chemical compositions and low salinity...

Assessing the risk of groundwater contamination is of crucial importance for the management of water resources, particularly in arid regions such as Menzel Habib (south-eastern Tunisia). The aim of this research is to create and validate artificial intelligence models based on the original DRASTIC vulnerability methodology to explain groundwater salinization risk (GSR). To this end, several algorithms, such as artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector regression (SVR), and multiple linear regression (MLR), were applied to the Menzel Habib aquifer system...

This study employs diverse machine learning models, including classic artificial neural network (ANN), hybrid ANN models, and the imperialist competitive algorithm and emotional artificial neural network (EANN), to predict crucial parameters such as fresh water production and vapor temperatures. Evaluation metrics reveal the integrated ANN-ICA model outperforms the classic ANN, achieving a remarkable 20% reduction in mean squared error (MSE). The emotional artificial neural network (EANN) demonstrates superior accuracy, attaining an impressive 99% coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) in predicting freshwater production and vapor temperatures...

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an uncommon and incurable B-cell lymphoma subtype that has an aggressive course. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been associated with an increased risk for B-cell lymphomas, and is characterized by distinct clinical and genetic features. Here, we showed that 9.5% of MCL Chinese patients were hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAg+ ). Compared to HBsAg-negative (HBsAg- ) patients, HBsAg+ MCL patients had a greater incidence of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), but no difference was observed in the other clinical characteristics, including sex, age, ECOG ps, Ann Arbor stage, MIPI, extranodal involvement and Ki-67...

Rationale: F18-FDG PET/CT may be helpful in baseline staging of patients with high-risk LARC presenting with vascular tumor deposits (TDs), in addition to standard pelvic MRI and CT staging. Methods: All patients with locally advanced rectal cancer that had TDs on their baseline MRI of the pelvis and had a baseline F18-FDG PET/CT between May 2016 and December 2020 were included in this retrospective study. TDs as well as lymph nodes identified on pelvic MRI were correlated to the corresponding nodular structures on a standard F18-FDG PET/CT, including measurements of nodular SUVmax and SUVmean...

With aging, men develop testosterone-deficiency syndrome (TDS). The development is closely associated with age-related mitochondrial dysfunction of Leydig cell and oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Testosterone-replacement therapy (TRT) is used to improve the symptoms of TDS. However, due to its various side effects, research on functional ingredients derived from natural products that do not have side effects is urgently needed. In this study, using the mitochondrial dysfunction TM3 (mouse Leydig) cells, in which testosterone biosynthesis is reduced by H2O2, we evaluated the effects of elderberry extract and monosaccharide-amino acid (fructose-leucine; FL) on mRNA and protein levels related to steroidogenesis-related enzymes steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 11A1(CYP11A1, cytochrome P450 17A1(CYP17A1), cytochrome P450 19A1(CYP19A1, aromatase), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(17β-HSD)...

The intricate network of glands and organs that makes up the endocrine system. Hormones are used to regulate and synchronize the nervous and physiological systems. The agents which perturbate an endocrine system are called endocrine disruptors and they can eventually affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. A subclass of endocrine disruptors known as thyroid disruptors (TDs) or thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDCs) influence the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis or directly interfere with thyroid function by binding to thyroid hormone receptors...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is the most prevalent infection in the world and is strongly associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, lymphoma and gastric or duodenal ulcers. Different regimens have been used for H. pylori eradication. We aimed to compare the efficacy of two different regimens as first-line H. pylori eradication regimens, in an area with high antibiotic resistance. METHODS: In this RCT, we assigned 223 patients with H. pylori infection, who were naïve to treatment...

AIM: Mesorectal extranodal tumor deposits (TDs) are identified in many rectal cancers. Their radiological features differ from metastatic lymph nodes, and they can be detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of rectal cancer TDs detected with MRI and their impact on overall (OS), cancer-specific (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS) and the local recurrence rate. METHOD: In this retrospective cohort study, we screened all 525 consecutive rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery during 2017-2018 in a tertiary center...

This paper introduces a spectral analysis method for monitoring the human skin in vivo based on a combination of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The method can quantitatively measure the refractive index, thickness and transmission coefficient of epidermis, and the refractive index of dermis in natural, as well as the tension condition of the skin. An optically reflective model for the multilayer structure of the skin is first established. The initial thickness of the epidermis is then measured by OCT as a known quantity for the established model...

We present measurements of the coherence times of excited states of hydrogen-like arsenic impurities in germanium (Ge:As) using a table-top two-dimensional time-domain spectroscopy (2D-TDS) system. We show that this laboratory system is capable of resolving the coherence lifetimes of atomic-like excited levels of impurity centers in semiconductors, such as those used in solid-state quantum information technologies, on a subpicosecond time scale. By fitting the coherent nonlinear response of the system with the known intracenter transition frequencies, we are able to monitor coherent population transfer and decay of the transitions from the 2p0 and 2p± states for different low excitation pulse fields...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI ) and the severity of tic disorders (TDs) in children 6-14 years old. METHODS: A total of 86 children diagnosed with TDs in a hospital between Jan. 2023 and Sept. 2023 were collected by convenient sampling method, and the general data and TD-specific data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that patients with different Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) grades had statistically significant differences in age, BMI, residence, snacking pattern, weekly physical exercise frequency, weekly physical exercise time, and proportion of cesarean birth...

Introduction Two-thirds of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients have radioiodine (RAI)-resistant disease, resulting in poor prognosis and high mortality. For rare NTRK and RET fusion-positive metastatic, RAI-resistant thyroid cancers, variable success of re-induction of RAI-avidity during treatment with NTRK or RET inhibitors has been reported. Case Presentation and Discussion: We report two cases with RAI-resistant lung metastases treated with larotrectinib: 83-year-old male presenting with an ETV6::NTRK3 fusion-positive tumor with the TERT promoter mutation c...

Saltwater intrusion in the coastal areas of Bangladesh is a prevalent phenomenon. However, it is not conducive to activities such as irrigation, navigation, fish spawning and shelter, and industrial usage. The present study analyzed 45 water samples collected from 15 locations in coastal areas during three seasons: monsoon, pre-monsoon, and post-monsoon. The aim was to comprehend the seasonal variation in physicochemical parameters, including water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, and concentrations of Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, HCO3-, PO43-, SO42-, and Cl-...

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) present atypical sensory processing in the perception of moving stimuli and biological motion. The present study aims to explore the performance of young adults with ASD in a time to contact (TTC) estimation task involving social and non-social stimuli. TTC estimation involves extrapolating the trajectory of a moving target concealed by an occluder, based on the visible portion of its path, to predict the target's arrival time at a specific position. Sixteen participants with a diagnosis of level-1 ASD (M = 19...

Landfill leachate forms when waste-inherent water and percolated rainfall transfer are highly toxic, corrosive, acidic, and full of environmental pollutants. The release of leachate from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill sites poses a severe hazard to human health and aquatic life. This study examined the impact of leachate from Delhi's Ghazipur landfill on the nearby groundwater quality. Analysis of leachate samples was done to determine various parameters such as total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, pH, BOD5 , COD, nitrate, sulphate, chloride and iron, and presence of coliform bacteria...

In order to enhance the support for groundwater development and utilization, as well as pollution control and prevention in Fengtai District, Beijing, a comprehensive study was conducted based on long-term monitoring data of shallow groundwater in the eastern area of Yongding River during the dry season. The mathematical statistics, Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and ion ratio analysis and other methods were employed to explore the pattern of groundwater hydrochemical evolution, the formation mechanism, and sources of pollution in Fengtai District...

The Arab region is located in an arid environment and suffers from water scarcity and poor water quality which are expected to become more severe in coming years due to global warming. In this study, the groundwater quality of 205 wells in Qatar was investigated. The physical parameters of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, inorganic carbon (IC), and organic carbon (OC) were determined. The study characterized the concentrations of major anions of Cl, F, Br, NO3 , PO4 , and SO4 , and major cations of Ca, K, Mg, and Na...