synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer

Lynch syndrome-associated endometrial cancer patients often present multiple synchronous tumors and this assessment can affect treatment strategies. We present a case of a 27-year-old woman with tumors in the uterine corpus, cervix, and ovaries who was diagnosed with endometrial cancer and exhibited cervical invasion and ovarian metastasis. Her family history suggested Lynch syndrome, and genetic testing identified a variant of uncertain significance, MLH1 p.L582H. We conducted immunohistochemical staining, microsatellite instability analysis, and Sanger sequencing for Lynch syndrome-associated cancers in three generations of the family and identified consistent MLH1 loss...

Heparin-binding growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family which has a crucial role in women's health. However, there is a lack of comprehensive review to summarize the significance of HB-EGF. Therefore, this work first described the expression patterns of HB-EGF in the endometrium and ovary of different species and gestational time. Then, the focus was on exploring how it promotes the successful implantation and regulates the process of decidualization and the function of ovarian granulosa cells as an intermediate molecule...

OBJECTIVES: The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for endometrial cancer underwent revision in 2023, incorporating histology, lymphovascular space invasion, and molecular classification. Herein, we compare overall survival (OS) outcomes by anatomic and histologic involvement for patients staged by the 2009 system versus 2023 system. METHODS: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients with newly-diagnosed uterine adenocarcinoma from 2004 to 2015, with follow-up data extending through 2020...

OBJECTIVE: The main feature of adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) is their capacity to secrete hormones, with nearly all of them capable of synthesizing oestradiol. The primary goal of this study is to identify synchronized endometrial pathologies, particularly endometrial cancer, in AGCT patients who had undergone a hysterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study cohort comprised retrospectively of 316 AGCT patients from 10 tertiary gynecological oncology centers...

Synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinoma (SEOC) is the most common combination of primary double cancer in the female reproductive system. The etiology and pathogenesis of SEOC remain unclear, and clinically, it is often misdiagnosed as metastatic cancer, affecting the formulation of treatment plans and prognosis for patients. This article provides a review of its epidemiology, pathological and clinical characteristics, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Endometriosis is known to be associated with an increased risk of endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer. However, the association between endometriosis and endometrial cancer is controversial. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of women with endometrial cancer who had undergone surgery at our institution to evaluate the clinicopathological relationship between endometrial cancer and endometriosis. The study included 720 women pathologically diagnosed with endometrial cancer at our hospital between 2000 and 2020...

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of fertility-preserving treatment for young women with synchronous primary neoplasm of endometrium and ovary. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed eight patients with concurrent primary grade 1 presumed stage IA endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEA) or endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH) and primary stage I ovarian tumors who underwent fertility-sparing treatment in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between April 2016 and December 2022...

OBJECTIVES: Abnormalities in mismatch repair have been described in ovarian cancer, but few studies have examined the causes of mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd). To address this, we completed targeted mutational and methylation sequencing on MMRd ovarian cancer cases. The objective of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of MMRd using our targeted next generation sequencing panel. METHODS: Newly diagnosed non-serous/mucinous ovarian cancers (n=215) were prospectively recruited from three cancer centers in Ontario, Canada, between 2015 and 2018...

The diagnosis of synchronous carcinomas, involving both the endometrium and ovaries, is not a rare finding in gynecologic pathology and represents a challenge with implications on tumor staging and therapeutic decision-making. A mono-institutional series of 11 metastatic and 6 paired synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinomas were reviewed by 2 expert pathologists based on previously published histopathologic criteria. The series was investigated for DNA mismatch repair proteins, p53, and POLE status and was subject to DNA-based next-generation sequencing targeting 67 cancer-related genes...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with grade 1-2 endometrioid ovarian carcinoma apparently confined to the ovary, according to surgical staging. METHODS: Multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study. Patients with endometrioid ovarian carcinoma, surgical procedure performed between May 1985 and December 2019, stage pT1 N0/N1/Nx, grade 1-2 were included. Patients were stratified according to lymphadenectomy (defined as removal of any lymph node versus no lymph node assessment), and subgroup analyses according to tumor grade were performed...

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMN) are defined as two or more primary malignancies diagnosed in an individual. There is no association between these cancers, which can be classified into synchronous and heterochronous cancers depending on the time of diagnosis. The present study presented a rare case of bilateral breast, endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancers. Through thorough physical examination, pathology and immunohistochemistry, it could be determined that bilateral breast, endometrial and cervical cancers were primary malignant tumors and that ovarian cancer cannot be excluded as a result of metastasis...

This commentary explores the complexities of the FIGO 2023 staging system and the inclusion of The Cancer Genome Atlas's (TCGA) molecular classification in the management of endometrial cancer. It highlights the importance of histology as a prognostic tool, while scrutinizing the merits and demerits of its application to aggressive endometrial cancers. The commentary review sheds light on the recent introductions of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and lymph node metastasis size in cancer staging. It outlines the difficulties in differentiating between synchronous and metastatic endometrial and ovarian cancers, underlining their implications on treatment strategies...

The diagnosis of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer or metastatic cancer of the same histological type is difficult. In this study, molecular biology analysis was performed to determine ovarian metastasis from endometrial cancer. A 38-year-old woman had pathological evidence of endometrial cancer (endometrioid carcinoma, grade 1) and ovarian cancer (endometrioid carcinoma, grade 3); a disseminated nodule in the serosa uteri was also diagnosed as endometrioid carcinoma (grade 3). Customized panel sequencing revealed a common mutation pattern in ovarian cancer and disseminated nodules...

BACKGROUND: Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC) accounts for 50-70% of all synchronous gynecology cancers in women. Approximately 14% of SEOC cases are caused by Lynch syndrome (LS). The widespread introduction of "universal screening" at LS (all cases with CRC and all EC cases diagnosed before age 60 should be tested for MMR deficiency) has led to an increasing number of suspected LS cases- MMR-deficient tumors without germline mutation in the MMR genes. These cases are attributed to the so-called Lynch-like syndrome (LLS)...

BACKGROUND: Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC) is a rare genital tract tumor. Precise diagnosis is crucial for the disease management since prognosis and overall survival differ substantially between metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) or OC. In this review we present 2 cases of women who were diagnosed with SEOC, and discuss the clinical characteristic of SEOC, diagnostic and molecular profiling issues. Next generation sequencing of 10 gene panel was performed on cancerous tissue and uterine lavage samples...

BACKGROUND: Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC) is a relatively rare entity with indistinct clinical manifestation but have a better prognosis compared to metastatic malignancy of each organ. The aim of the study is to determine the prognosis and factors associated with recurrence of SEOC. METHODS: This case-series study was performed on 37 histologically confirmed SEOC, diagnosed and treated in our tertiary hospital from March 2009 to September 2021...

The aim of our study is to present the particularities of a specific subset of gynecological cancer patients in Romania. We present a review of synchronous gynecological neoplasia (SGN) treated in the Bucharest Oncological Institute's surgery departments over a decade. Between 2012 and 2022, 7419 female patients with genital malignancies were treated. We identified 36 patients with invasive synchronous primary gynecological cancers (0.5%) and 12 cases with one primary gynecological and another primary invasive pelvic cancer (rectal/bladder)...

Endometrial and ovarian tumours are almost mechanistically affected by reproductive hormones. Ovarian cancer may be explained as metastatic or synchronous primary ovarian cancer, and the specific diagnosis is a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the mutations in fat mass and obesity-associated ( FTO ) genes and investigated the association of these mutations with the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers as well as with cancer grade and stage. Blood samples were collected from 48 endometrial and ovarian cancer cases and 48 healthy women...

BACKGROUND Synchronous tumors occur when 2 separate primary tumors are diagnosed within 6 months. They can originate from the same site or different locations. For example, synchronous primary tumors of uterine and ovarian origin are a common type. Diagnosis can be challenging, however is critical to determine whether a patient has multiple primary tumors or a single tumor with metastasis to guide effective treatment. Compared with endometrial cancer that has spread to the ovary, synchronous primary tumors of the uterus and ovaries typically require less aggressive treatment...

Evidence indicates that different pathways of malignant degeneration underlie the development of endometriosis-associated ovarian tumors of endometrioid and clear cell histotypes. The aim of this study was to compare data from patients affected by these two histotypes to investigate the hypothesis of a dichotomy in the histogenesis of these tumors. Clinical data and tumor characteristics of 48 patients who were diagnosed with either pure clear cell ovarian cancer and mixed endometrioid-clear cell ovarian cancer arising from endometriosis (ECC, n = 22) or endometriosis-associated endometrioid ovarian cancer (EAEOC, n = 26) were compared...