Ultrasonic diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

BACKGROUND: Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) occurs in approximately 9% of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas. The gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly affected site of the extranodal forms of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. However, it rarely occurs within the rectum, and at present, there is no consensus on its diagnosis and treatment at this site. CASE SUMMARY: We report a rare laterally spreading tumour-like rectal MALT lymphoma case in which the diagnosis and the depth of infiltration were determined by magnifying endoscopy and ultrasonic endoscopy...

OBJECTIVES: Here we asked, whether contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enables to judge early treatment response in malignant lymphoma as a potential guidance for further treatment. METHODS: From May 2017 to May 2018, 21 patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma were examined by B-mode ultrasound (B-US) and CEUS at fixed early time points after commencing therapy (days [d] 0, 15 and 30 after therapy start) and contrast enhancement patterns in target lymphoma lesions were quantified using Bracco-VUE Box® (DCE-US)...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features as well as diagnosis, differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of patients with primary renal non-hodgkin's lymphoma (PRNHL). METHODS: Clinical data of 2 patients with PRNHL from January 2013 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: One of the two male patients PRNHL aged 51 years old, admitted to hospital for swelling and pain in the right waist, B-ultra sonic examination showed a very solid upper right renal space occupying lesion...

UNLABELLED: At the present stage use only standard visual endoscopy and a radiological method of research of a pathology of a stomach does not meet the requirements of oncologists. In spite of the fact that these techniques continue to remain base and prime in inspection of a digestive tract, the leading part in specification of character of pathology of GI tract is taken now endosonography method. A research objective: to establish endoscopic ultrasonic criteria of diagnostics indolentics and aggressive NHL of stomach...

Ultrasonography has been used in the evaluation of enlarged lymph nodes in patients with malignant lymphoma, which comprises a variety of histopathological subtypes. We assessed ultrasonic findings of infiltration in cervical lymph nodes of 47 patients with previously untreated malignant lymphoma and correlated them with histopathological subtypes. Common findings among various histopathological subtypes were hypoechoic masses, spot and/or line echoes, involvement of multiple nodes, and posterior enhancement...

Malignant lymphoma originating in the bone is rare and is now recognized as being an independent clinicopathologic entity known as primary lymphoma of bone. A 60-year-old man complaining of right chest and back pain consulted our hospital for further examination. Chest X-ray and computed tomogram revealed osteolysis and a surrounding soft tissue mass in the sixth right rib. An ultrasonically-guided needle biopsy of the tumor was performed, and histologic examination indicated the dense proliferation of similar-sized atypical cells with nucleoli and an irregular nuclear border...

This paper describes a rare occurrence of primary lymphoma of the liver in a young female and demonstrates the possibility of making the correct diagnosis by ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. A 32-year old female suffering from upper abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, nausea, anorexia and weight loss for almost 2 months was admitted to our Department. After a clinical and instrumental (lab exams, ultrasonography, computed tomography) evaluation, we reached the correct diagnosis of hepatic primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by means of ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy...

The importance of ultrasound for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma is explained by the fact that ultrasound is the first radiologic procedure after clinical examination which is used in diagnostic workup. The main sonographic findings are based on the radiologic appearance of the bowel wall and differentiation of its layers, starlike configuration of the narrowed echogenic center and hypoechoic wall thickening of varying extent. Typically, malignant lymphoma of the gastrointestinal wall shows as hypoechoic circumferential intestinal infiltration...

The author presents sonomorphological characteristics of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and M. Hodgkin abdominis, hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma at the time when the diagnosis was established. The objective of the investigation was to increase the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonic diagnosis of the mentioned malignant tumours of the abdomen and retroperitoneum during the first sonographic examination.

A total of 112 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of abdominal and retroperitoneal localization were examined by the ultrasonic and x-ray methods, in 83 of them x-ray computer-aided tomography was used. Angiographic examinations and puncture biopsy monitored by US or x-ray CAT were carried out if indicated. The authors discuss the problems of ultrasonic and x-ray semeiotics of the lymphomatous involvement of the lymph nodes, spleen, gastrointestinal tract. They claim that USE, permitting the specification of further plan of examination of each patient, and x-ray examination as a method to assess the gastrointestinal status are the optimal methods for the primary diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas...

A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in 1980; he was treated with chemotherapy and achieved complete remission. Six years later he reported upper abdominal pain. Ultrasound (US) showed a 3-cm mass in the right lobe of the liver. Needle aspiration showed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient was treated with radical resection of the tumor. Three years later (June 1989), abdominal US showed two lesions in the right lobe of the liver. Needle aspiration and tissue core biopsy showed NHL in one lesion and HCC in the other...

Ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) was performed in 30 patients with a lytic bone lesions suspected for metastasis detected by conventional radiological examinations. The patients were selected for US-FNAB on the basis of the ability of the ultrasound examination to clearly visualize the lesion. The cytological diagnosis was confirmed at surgery in 3 cases, and at clinical and radiological follow-up after more than 6 months in the remaining cases. The lesions were located mostly in the thoracic skeleton (ribs and sternum) and pelvic bone...

AIMS: To examine whether a therapeutic dose of ultrasound waves, when directed through the thoracic wall to the spleen, would significantly affect the platelet count in patients with stable immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). METHODS: Continuous ultrasound at 1 W/cm2 spatial average-time average (SATA) intensity for up to one minute/5 cm2 treatment field was well tolerated in 13 patients with ITP and one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Five healthy controls were also similarly treated...

Analysis of the data of 87 computer-aided tomographic examinations of patients with peritoneal and retroperitoneal lymphosarcomas permitted the authors single out a peculiar computer-tomographic "semeiotics" of this condition. Four states in computer-tomographic changes of the lymph nodes in this area were distinguished, each of them corresponding to specific clinical manifestations of the suffering. The authors came to such a conclusion as a result of detecting in the same 18 patients of a clear-cut correlation between the type of computer-tomographic semeiotics and lymphosarcoma phase in the process of therapy and after it, during remission...

Thirty-two patients with various diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and the adjacent organs (pancreas, liver and spleen) were examined to assess the potentialities of transesophageal ultrasonic endoscopy. The results were compared with the findings of fiber gastroscopy, x-ray and ultrasonic transabdominal examinations. Nineteen patients were examined for a malignant involvement of the esophageal and gastric wall and tumor progress at the site of anastomosis after combined treatment of gastric cancer. Ultrasonic endoscopy data were confirmed during subsequent surgical interventions and histologic examinations of the resected tumors...

Primary splenic lymphoma is a relatively infrequent disease; the diagnosis of this entity is currently made with splenectomy. In a 52-year-old female with left upper quadrant abdominal pain, ultrasound showed a normal-sized spleen with an internal hypoechoic focal lesion. Ultrasonically-guided fine-needle aspiration and tissue core biopsy of the splenic lesion showed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). At the time of presentation there was no evidence of involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow or any other organ...

The value of ultrasonic tomography exploration of the abdomen in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the small intestine is illustrated by findings in 9 children. Performed as the initial examination for an abdominal mass (sometimes after a straight radiograph), a positive diagnosis was established by ultrasonography in all cases. Moreover, extensions of the lesion were identified in the liver in two cases, in the two kidneys in four cases, and retroperitoneal adenopathies detected in one case. Ultrasonic findings in the case of intestinal localizations were a hypoechogenic mass with a hyperechogenic zone or a gaseous acoustic shadow in its center...

Ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of abdominal focal lesions was performed on 15 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, in 14 cases for pathological staging, in 1 case for differential diagnosis between lymphoma recurrence and other malignancy. The biopsy was performed using a transperitoneal approach, guided by a dynamic scanner. A correct diagnosis was obtained in punctures performed on 14 patients (93%); 12 patients had true positive results and 2 had true negative results. One patient had a false negative result; no false positive diagnoses were found...

The sonographic presentation of the spleen may be difficult and is seldom requested. Main indications for special investigation are traumatic lesions, malignant diseases, such as Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and changes in portal hypertension.

Although the very rare primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is resectable and responds to chemotherapy it has a very poor prognosis since the outcome was rapidly fatal in 7 of the 11 cases reported in the literature. Particular features in a patient with a primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of cirrhotic liver were the association of portal hypertension and portal thrombosis related to tumor invasion. Findings on ultrasound imaging and histologic diagnosis from guided needle puncture biopsy appear to be previously unreported aspects of this affection...