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Yoshihiko Yu, Tadashi Miyamoto, Yui Kimura, Kazuhito Itamoto, Masaki Michishita, Hitoshi Hatakeyama, Tomokazu Nagashima, Rikako Asada, Tomomi Yamaguchi, Daisuke Hasegawa, Yoshihiro Nomura, Leslie A Lyons, Tomoki Kosho
A stray cat, an intact female Japanese domestic shorthair cat of unknown age (suspected to be a young adult), was rescued. The cat was lethargic and thin and had marked skin fragility, delayed wound healing without skin hyperextensibility, and hind limb proprioceptive ataxia and paresis. Survey radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed congenital vertebral anomalies, including thoracolumbar transitional vertebrae, scoliosis resulting from a thoracic lateral wedge-shaped vertebra, and a kinked tail, and a dilated spinal cord central canal...
March 2024: Canadian Veterinary Journal. la Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne
#2
Daniel G Calame, Jovi Huixin Wong, Puravi Panda, Dat Tuan Nguyen, Nancy C P Leong, Riccardo Sangermano, Sohil G Patankar, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid, Lama AlAbdi, Sylvia Safwat, Kyle P Flannery, Zain Dardas, Jawid M Fatih, Chaya Murali, Varun Kannan, Timothy E Lotze, Isabella Herman, Farah Ammouri, Brianna Rezich, Stephanie Efthymiou, Shahryar Alavi, David Murphy, Zahra Firoozfar, Mahya Ebrahimi Nasab, Amir Bahreini, Majid Ghasemi, Nourelhoda A Haridy, Hamid Reza Goldouzi, Fatemeh Eghbal, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Vykuntaraju K Gowda, Haowei Du, Shalini N Jhangiani, Zeynep Coban-Akdemir, Dana Marafi, Lance Rodan, Sedat Isikay, Jill A Rosenfeld, Subhadra Ramanathan, Michael Staton, Kerby C Oberg, Robin D Clark, Catharina Wenman, Sam Loughlin, Ramy Saad, Tazeen Ashraf, Alison Male, Shereen Tadros, Reza Boostani, Ghada M H Abdel-Salam, Maha Zaki, Ebtesam Abdalla, M Chiara Manzini, Davut Pehlivan, Jennifer E Posey, Richard A Gibbs, Henry Houlden, Fowzan S Alkuraya, Kinga Bujakowska, Reza Maroofian, James R Lupski, Long Nam Nguyen
FLVCR1 encodes Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor 1 (FLVCR1), a solute carrier (SLC) transporter within the Major Facilitator Superfamily. FLVCR1 is a widely expressed transmembrane protein with plasma membrane and mitochondrial isoforms implicated in heme, choline, and ethanolamine transport. While Flvcr1 knockout mice die in utero with skeletal malformations and defective erythropoiesis reminiscent of Diamond-Blackfan anemia, rare biallelic pathogenic FLVCR1 variants are linked to childhood or adult-onset neurodegeneration of the retina, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system...
February 13, 2024: medRxiv
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcelo Gómez, Pamela Muñoz, Manuel Moroni, Marcelo Mieres, Valentina Bernal, Carla Rosenfeld, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla
INTRODUCTION: The nematode Gurltia paralysans is a neglected angio-neurotropic parasite causing chronic meningomyelitis in domestic cats ( Felis catus ) as well as wild felids of the genus Leopardus in South America. Adult G. paralysans nematodes parasitize the leptomeningeal veins of the subarachnoid space and/or meningeal veins of the spinal cord parenchyma. The geographic range of G. paralysans encompasses rural and peri-urban regions of Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Colombia and Brazil...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
#4
Remon Wilson, Vanessa R Barrs
CASE SUMMARY: A 2-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with an acute onset of muscular pain, ataxia and fever. Serological tests for Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG, cryptococcal antigen, feline immune deficiency virus antibody and feline leukaemia virus antigen were all negative. Brain and spinal MRI showed evidence of myositis and bilateral renal parenchymal abnormalities and pyelectasis. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhimurium 1,4, [5],12:i:1,2 was isolated from urine and was susceptible to amoxycillin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfonamide...
2024: JFMS Open Reports
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenta Kawamura, Kazumasa Sasaki, Sei-Ichi Sasaki, Kazuhide Tomita
Expiratory neurons in the caudal ventral respiratory group extend descending axons to the lumbar and sacral spinal cord, and they possess axon collaterals, the distribution of which has been well-documented. Likewise, these expiratory neurons extend axons to the thoracic spinal cord and innervate thoracic expiratory motoneurons. These axons also give rise to collaterals, and their distribution may influence the strength of synaptic connectivity between the axons and the thoracic expiratory motoneurons. We investigated the distribution of axon collaterals in the thoracic spinal cord using a microstimulation technique...
January 16, 2024: Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simona Marc, Jelena Savici, Bogdan Sicoe, Oana Maria Boldura, Cristina Paul, Gabriel Otavă
Anencephaly, a severe neural tube defect characterized by the absence of major parts of the brain and skull, is a rare congenital disorder that has been observed in various species, including cats. Considering the uncommon appearance of anencephaly, this paper aims to present anencephaly in a stillborn male kitten from an accidental inbreeding using various paraclinical methods. Histological examination of tissue samples from the cranial region, where parts of the skull were absent, revealed the presence of atypical nerve tissue with neurons and glial cells organized in clusters, surrounded by an extracellular matrix and with an abundance of blood vessels, which are large, dilated, and filled with blood, not characteristic of nerve tissue structure...
December 17, 2023: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hidetaka Nishida, Riku Kakimoto, Shunsuke Noguchi, Ryoji Kanegi, Shunsuke Shimamura, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Tamiko Fumimoto, Kento Nishibata, Hidemasa Fujiwara, Hideo Akiyoshi
A 5-year-old neutered female mixed cat presented with reduced activity and ataxia of the hind limbs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural mass compressing the spinal cord on the dorsal aspects from the 7th to 8th thoracic vertebra. Dorsal laminectomy was performed on the 7-8th thoracic vertebra and the cyst was totally removed, giving full resolution of the clinical signs. The cyst was diagnosed as a dermoid cyst. To our knowledge, this is the first report of feline dermoid cyst compressing the spinal cord that was diagnosed antemortem...
December 11, 2023: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
#8
Koen Maurits Santifort, Martijn Beukers, Arno Roos, Benjamin van Rijswoud, Nadine Meertens, Klaas Peperkamp, Ron Ben-Amotz, Niklas Bergknut
In this case report, we describe the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of two feline cases of vertebral osteosarcoma. Case 1: A 6-year-old female neutered domestic longhaired cat was presented with progressive paraparesis, ataxia, and spinal hyperesthesia. MRI of the thoracolumbar spinal cord and vertebral column revealed a strongly contrast-enhancing mass lesion originating from the dorsal lamina and spinous process of T13. The lesion caused extradural compression of the spinal cord. Surgical debulking was performed, and the histopathological evaluation of surgical biopsies was consistent with vertebral osteosarcoma...
November 10, 2023: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#9
Koen M Santifort, Shinji Tamura, Daniel R Rissi, Guy C M Grinwis
A 15-year-old spayed female domestic shorthaired cat was evaluated for chronic progressive paraparesis and proprioceptive ataxia. Neurological examination was consistent with a T3-L3 myelopathy. Plain thoracolumbar vertebral column radiographs and CT without intravenous contrast or myelography performed at another facility did not highlight any abnormalities. MRI of the thoracolumbar spinal cord identified an intraparenchymal space-occupying lesion extending from T10-T12. Surgery was performed to remove as much of the mass as possible, and to submit samples for histopathology...
2023: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
#10
Christopher T Holland
A young stray entire female domestic shorthair cat was presented with symmetrical forelimb extensor rigidity, neck hyperextension and hindlimb paraplegia, characteristic of Schiff-Sherrington phenomenon (SSP), within 30 min of a motor vehicle accident. Radiographic and post-mortem studies disclosed complete transection of the spinal cord from traumatic dorsocranial luxation of the second lumbar vertebra, displacement of the sacrum from the ilium, seventh lumbar and first caudal vertebrae and multiple pelvic fractures...
October 17, 2023: Veterinary Medicine and Science
#11
MULTICENTER STUDY
Miguel Benito Benito, Bruno A Lopes, Roberto José-López, Edward J Ives, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, Paul Freeman, Daniel Sánchez-Masián
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to describe the patient demographics, clinicopathological features and presumptive or final diagnoses in cats with myelopathies between the T1 and T6 vertebrae. METHODS: This retrospective multicentre case study enrolled cases between 2015 and 2022 that were diagnosed with myelopathies between the T1 and T6 vertebrae as the primary cause for the presenting clinical signs. RESULTS: A total of 21 cases matched the inclusion criteria, 13 males (11 castrated and 2 entire) and 8 spayed females (median age 93 months; range 5-192)...
October 2023: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Standiford Helm, Mahendra R Sanapati, Carl Noe, Gabor Racz
BACKGROUND: Epidural hematomas after appropriately performed cervicothoracic interlaminar epidural injections have been associated with the rapid onset of neurological symptoms and devastating outcomes, despite prompt identification and treatment. Anticoagulation issues were initially felt to be the problem, but the occurrence of fulminant hematomas in patients without coagulation forced a reassessment of the causes and responses to this problem. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate why fulminant epidural hematomas occur after cervicothoracic epidural injections, with a literature review to survey knowledge about them in the surgical literature, and to offer comments as to what the interventional pain physician can do to minimize their occurrence...
September 2023: Pain Physician
#13
Sabrina Fert, Pablo River, Laura Bondonny, Laurent Cauzinille
A 7-year-old neutered male Domestic shorthair cat, with a 1.5-year history of left eye enucleation secondary to a diffuse iris malignant melanoma, was evaluated for progressive onset of pelvic limb paresis and ataxia with severe thoracolumbar hyperaesthesia and dysorexia. Neurological examination localised a lesion to the T3-L3 spinal cord segments. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracolumbar spine showed a well-defined extradural T1-weighted hyperintense non-contrast-enhancing mass, initially suggesting a potential haemorrhagic component...
September 1, 2023: Veterinary Medicine and Science
#14
N Mauri, F Graf, S Dressel-Böhm, G Scharf
In this case report we present a feline large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma, a rare morphologically distinct subtype of lymphoma, in a twelve-year-old female spayed domestic short hair cat, with high suspicion of leptomeningeal lymphomatosis due to magnetic resonance imaging findings and results of cerebral spinal fluid analyses. Diagnosis of LGL lymphoma was confirmed by means of blood cytology and polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangements.
September 2023: Schweizer Archiv Für Tierheilkunde
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margaret I Hall, Tyler Lindvall, Ana Suarez-Venot, Dominik Valdez, Heather F Smith
The brachial plexus, a network of ventral rami providing somatic sensory and motor innervation to the forelimb, is of particular importance in felids. Large-bodied pantherines require powerful rotatory and joint stabilizing forelimb muscles to maintain secure holds on large prey, while smaller-bodied felines are small prey specialists reliant on manual dexterity. Brachial plexus dissections of two snow leopards (Panthera uncia) and two domestic cats (Felis catus) revealed that generally the morphology of the brachial plexus is quite conserved...
2023: PloS One
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aime K Johnson, Victoria J McCurdy, Heather L Gray-Edwards, Anne S Maguire, J Nicholas Cochran, Amanda L Gross, Haleigh E Skinner, Ashley N Randle, Jamie L Shirley, Brandon L Brunson, Allison M Bradbury, Stanley G Leroy, Misako Hwang, Hannah E Rockwell, Nancy R Cox, Henry J Baker, Thomas N Seyfried, Miguel Sena-Esteves, Douglas R Martin
OBJECTIVE: GM2 gangliosidosis is usually fatal by 5 years of age in its 2 major subtypes, Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease. First reported in 1881, GM2 gangliosidosis has no effective treatment today, and children succumb to the disease after a protracted neurodegenerative course and semi-vegetative state. This study seeks to further develop adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy for human translation. METHODS: Cats with Sandhoff disease were treated by intracranial injection of vectors expressing feline β-N-acetylhexosaminidase, the enzyme deficient in GM2 gangliosidosis...
November 2023: Annals of Neurology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ethan Glaser, Andrew Stewart, Julia Jagielo-Miller, Caleb Bailey, Mark Prendergast, John Gensel
Approximately one in three traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCI) occurs during or shortly after the consumption of alcohol. A small number of retrospective clinical studies report variable effects of alcohol intoxication on mortality, neurological recovery, and complications after SCI. Some of these studies demonstrate a protective effect of alcohol intoxication on SCI outcomes while others show an increased complication risk. Preclinical studies in rat, ferret, and feline SCI models report a detrimental effect of ethanol intoxication on hemorrhage, motor recovery, and biochemical markers of tissue injury...
June 23, 2023: Journal of Neurotrauma
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niccolò Fonti, Francesca Parisi, Çağla Aytaş, Sara Degl'Innocenti, Carlo Cantile
The literature about nervous system lymphoma (NSL) in dogs and cats is fragmentary, based on a few case series and case reports with heterogeneous results. The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyze 45 cases of canine and 47 cases of feline NSL and compare our results with previously reported data, also providing an extensive literature review. Breed, age, gender, clinical signs, type, and neurolocalization were recorded for each case. The pathological patterns and phenotype were assessed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry...
February 27, 2023: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dai Nagakubo, Kanako Muta, Masatoshi Kamata, Tomoya Iizuka, Naoki Fujita, Takayuki Nakagawa, Ryohei Nishimura
This study assessed the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in dogs and cats to compare the effect of remifentanil on the action potentials evoked by peripheral noxious stimulation in the spinal cord. Five healthy dogs and five healthy cats underwent general anaesthesia induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Each animals received all dosage of a constant-rate infusion of remifentanil at 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 μg/kg/min. The hair of the dorsal foot of a hind limb was clipped and an intraepidermal stimulation electrode that could selectively stimulate the nociceptive Aδ and C fibres was attached...
March 5, 2023: Research in Veterinary Science
#20
REVIEW
Daniel R Rissi
Primary central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are uncommonly diagnosed in cats. The majority of primary feline CNS neoplasms described in the veterinary literature consist of meningioma and glioma occurring mainly in the brain and less often in the spinal cord. Although most neoplasms can be diagnosed based on routine histologic evaluation, less typical tumors need to be further characterized using immunohistochemistry. This review compiles the relevant information about the most common primary CNS neoplasms of cats available in the veterinary literature, aiming to serve as a converging source of information for the topic...
February 20, 2023: Veterinary Pathology
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