Armin Rashidi, Maryam Ebadi, Tauseef U Rehman, Heba Elhusseini, David Kazadi, Hossam Halaweish, Mohammad H Khan, Andrea Hoeschen, Qing Cao, Xianghua Luo, Amanda J Kabage, Sharon Lopez, Sivapriya Ramamoorthy, Shernan G Holtan, Daniel J Weisdorf, Alexander Khoruts, Christopher Staley
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) associated with gut microbiota disruptions. However, whether therapeutic microbiota modulation prevents aGVHD is unknown. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of third-party fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) administered at the peak of microbiota injury in 100 patients with acute myeloid leukemia receiving induction chemotherapy and alloHCT recipients. Despite improvements in microbiome diversity, expansion of commensals, and shrinkage of potential pathogens, aGVHD occurred more frequently after FMT than placebo...
May 20, 2024: Cancer Res Commun