Travel distance

BACKGROUND: Centralization of cancer care increases survival but increases the travel burden (i.e., travel durations, distances, and expenditures) in visiting hospitals. This study investigated the travel burdens to access cancer care for children aged 18 years and younger in Japan. METHODS: The study population comprised 10,709 patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2019 obtained from a national population-based cancer registry in Japan. Their residences were classified as urban or rural...

The transition to sustainable transportation is imperative in mitigating environmental impacts, with electric vehicles (EVs) at the forefront of this shift. Despite their environmental benefits, the global adoption of EVs is curtailed by challenges such as nascent battery technology, high costs, and insufficient charging infrastructure. This study addresses the optimizing electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) locations as a critical step toward enhancing EV adoption rates. Thus, establishing efficient charging stations is critical to meet the increasing demand...

By observation of Sprague-Dawley male rats with different ejaculatory behaviors, we have identified distinct behavioral characteristics in rapid ejaculator rats. To validate these differential behaviors, we conducted multifaceted behavioral experiments on rapid ejaculator rats and normal rats. Through mating experiments, 42 male rats were categorized into 5 rapid ejaculator rats, 29 normal ejaculator rats, and 8 sluggish ejaculator rats according to their ejaculation frequency. We selected 5 rats exhibiting rapid ejaculation and 5 rats with normal ejaculation for participation in the Morris water maze, open-field test, and balance beam experiments...

This study aims to investigate the essential oil(EOL) of Cinnamomum camphora regarding its anti-depression effect and mechanism in regulating inflammatory cytokines and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathway. A mouse model of depression was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Open field, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming tests were carried out to examine mouse behaviors. Western blot and qRT-PCR were employed to determine the expression of proteins and genes in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the hippocampus...

In late summer of 2023 bed bug ( Cimex lectularius ) infestations received much media attention especially from Paris Fashion Week (2023-09-25/2023-10-03). Concern in France has grown in recent years and the public may have been sensitised from the recent release of the report Les punaises de lit: impacts, prévention et lutte from the Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire. Additionally, families returning from summer travel for the start of the school year (2023-09-04) may have brought Cimex spp...

Treatment choice is a key component of quality, person-centred care, but policies promoting choice often ignore how capacity to choose is unequally distributed and influenced by social structures. In abortion care, the choice of either medication or a procedure is limited in many countries, but the structuring of treatment choice from the perspective of people accessing abortion care is poorly understood. This qualitative study explored comparative experiences of abortion treatment choice in England and Wales, using in-depth interviews with 32 people who recently accessed abortion care and had one or more prior abortions...

In poultry farming, robots are considered by birds as intruder elements to their environment, because animals escape due to their movement. Their escape is measured using the escape distance (ED) technique. This study analyzes the behavior of animals in relation to their ED through the use of a robot with two speeds: 12 rpm and 26 rpm. The objective is to understand whether the speeds cause variations in ED and their implications for animal stress. A broiler breeding cycle was analyzed (six weeks) through the introduction of the robot weekly...

The design of a readily useable technology for routine paddock-scale soil porosity estimation is described. The method is non-contact (proximal) and typically from "on-the-go" sensors mounted on a small farm vehicle around 1 m above the soil surface. This ultrasonic sensing method is unique in providing estimates of porosity by a non-invasive, cost-effective, and relatively simple method. Challenges arise from the need to have a compact low-power rigid structure and to allow for pasture cover and surface roughness...

OBJECTIVES: Studies have demonstrated socioeconomic status, insurance, race, and distance impact clinical outcomes in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The purpose of this study was to assess if these factors also impact clinical outcomes in patients with thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with TAAAs confirmed by CT imaging between 2009 to 2019 at a single institution. Patients' zip codes were mapped to American Community Survey Data to obtain geographic poverty rates...

Prior studies have demonstrated that certain populations including older patients, racial/ethnic minority groups, and women are underrepresented in clinical trials. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) seen at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) to investigate the association between trial participation, race/ethnicity, travel distance and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES). Using patient addresses, we ascertained nSES variables on educational attainment, income, poverty, racial composition and housing at the census tract (CT) level...

In this review, we discuss some of the recent advances in our understanding of the physiology of the air pollution and exercise. The key areas covered include the effect of exercise intensity, the effects of pre-exposure to air pollution, acclimation to air pollution, and the utility of masks during exercise. Although higher intensity exercise leads to an increase in the inhaled dose of pollutants for a given distance traveled, the acute effects of (diesel exhaust) air pollution do not appear to be more pronounced...

With its capacity to store and translate ions across considerable distances and times, traveling wave structures for lossless ion manipulations (TW-SLIM) provide the foundation to expand the scope of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) experiments. While promising, the dynamic electric fields and consequential ion-neutral collisions used to realize extensive degrees of separation have a considerable impact on the empirical results and the fundamental interpretation of observed arrival time distributions. Using a custom-designed set of TW-SLIM boards (∼9 m) coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SLIM-ToF), we detail the capacity to systematically alter the gas-phase distribution of select peptide conformers...

BACKGROUND: Particularly in rural regions, factors such as lower physician density and long travel distances complicate adequate outpatient care. However, urban regions can also be affected by deficits in care, for example, long waiting times. One model of care intending to improve the situation is the implementation of video consultations. The study protocol presents the methodology of the research project titled "Preference-based implementation of the video consultation in urban and rural regions" funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (funding number 01VSF20011)...

Introduction: Due to their remote location, rural-dwelling family caregivers (FCGs) experience geographic and psychosocial challenges when providing home-based palliative and end-of-life (PEOL) care for their care recipient. Limited research has evaluated the social and environmental factors that may compound FCG burden and contribute to adverse emotional health outcomes among rural-dwelling PEOL FCGs. Objective: To characterize the social determinants of health (SDOH) that affect the provision of PEOL care among rural-dwelling FCGs, along with symptoms of anxiety and depression...

Solitons in nematic liquid crystals facilitate the rapid transport and sensing in microfluidic systems. Little is known about the elementary conditions needed to create solitons in nematic materials. In this study, we apply a combination of theory, computational simulations, and experiments to examine the formation and propagation of solitary waves, or "solitons", in nematic liquid crystals under the influence of an alternating current (AC) electric field. We find that these solitary waves exhibit "butterfly"-like or "bullet"-like structures that travel in the direction perpendicular to the applied electric field...

This study aims to highlight the challenges that undergraduates face when traveling a significant distance from home to study. These challenges are psychological, financial, and nutritional. The study was descriptive and based on a survey conducted to investigate the challenges faced by university students while studying away from their hometown. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 214 undergraduates between February and April 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the computer program SPSS version 24...

This study proposes a mecanum-built perturbation-based balance training device aimed at improving motor adaptive skills for fall prevention in individuals with neurological disorders or the elderly. Incorporating multidirectional fall simulations in line with modified constraint-induced movement therapy, the device's efficacy was evaluated by measuring the distance traveled and peak acceleration under different static loads (20, 30, and 40 kg) and input accelerations (1, 2, and 3 m/s2 ). A pilot study with 10 subjects was conducted to assess device performance, utilizing repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc analysis...

This article presents travel datasets of privately used vehicles for the determination of the daily charging demand of electric vehicles (EV) at a university campus and to analyse strategies to minimise the annual energy cost. The datasets have been used in the primary research article published in the Renewable Energy journal [1]. The original raw data of vehicle usage is sourced from the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel & Activity (VISTA) [2], which is an ongoing survey led by the Department of Transport and Planning of the Victorian State Government...

Research examining the nature of food shopping often considers proximity to the nearest or overall distance travelled to multiple stores. Such studies make up a portion of new work on so-called 'food deserts' and the issues inherent in the term, including that most people do not shop at their nearest store, and mobility challenges vary vastly from one person to the next. Increasing the knowledge base on shopping characteristics could be useful for behavioral interventions and programs aimed at increasing healthy food shopping...

Midazolam (MDZ) is clinically used for its sedative and anticonvulsant properties. However, its prolonged or potentiated effects are sometimes concerning. The main binding protein of MDZ is albumin, and reduced serum albumin levels could lead to MDZ accumulation, thereby potentiating or prolonging its effects. Previous investigations have not thoroughly examined these phenomena from a behavioral pharmacology standpoint. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate both the prolonged and potentiated effects of MDZ, as well as the effects of serum albumin levels on the action of MDZ in low-albumin rats...