Journal of Education in Perioperative Medicine : JEPM

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BACKGROUND: Providers' unconscious biases reinforce health disparities through negative direct patient care and interactions with colleagues. OBJECTIVE: We created a workshop grounded in Critical Race Theory and the importance of different intersectionalities to improve medical trainees' self-assessment of their implicit biases in curated facilitated spaces. METHODS: A total of 44 UCSF first-year clinical anesthesiology residents (CA-1) (95% response rate) and 23 surgery residents in their research year (77% response rate) participated in this workshop over 4 separate sessions in September 2020 and 2021...

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BACKGROUND: Academic inquiry is foundational to the advancement of medicine and resident training and must be demonstrated to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Past attempts at increasing publication rates have failed to identify educational best practice models. Our aim was to increase resident publication rates via culture and value changes that are universally implementable, affordable, effective, and sustainable. METHODS: In 2018, a multifaceted initiative was implemented to shift departmental values and foster a culture of academic productivity...

BACKGROUND: Cricoid pressure (CP) is applied to occlude the esophagus during endotracheal intubation in patients at an increased risk of aspiration of gastric contents. Evidence shows marked deficiencies in knowledge and skills for CP application among personnel responsible for this task. This study evaluated the effectiveness of CP training in improving knowledge and skills regarding CP application among anesthesiology technicians and critical care nurses and assessed the retention of skills after 2 months...

BACKGROUND: The transition from intern year to the first year of clinical anesthesiology residency (CA-1) is a challenging period for residents and their supervisors. Orientation methods and instructional material targeting this transition vary across U.S. residency programs. An un-pairing passport was implemented during the 2021-2022 transition to guide and provide expectations for interns, senior residents, and staff. The objective of this quality improvement project was to assess the effectiveness of the passport in improving the transition period and overall preparedness of the new CA-1s...

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BACKGROUND: With more than 50% of anesthesiology residents reporting burnout, many residency programs have begun creating wellness programs to address burnout and promote well-being. However, to date, many wellness initiatives have focused on individual strategies rather than systems approaches to improve the learning environment. Individual-focused interventions in the absence of systematic efforts can lead to resentment, resistance, and worsening burnout and precipitate a loss of trust in leadership and the organization...

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BACKGROUND: New trainees are directly supervised by either an attending physician or a senior resident under indirect supervision from an attending physician. The main objective was to evaluate which type of direct supervision (attending vs. senior resident) would result in better quality of supervision to novice residents during their first month of training. METHODS: Novice anesthesiology residents were randomized to receive direct supervision by an attending anesthesiologist or a senior resident during their introduction month of intraoperative anesthesia...

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BACKGROUND: Breaking bad news (BBN) is an important clinical task for physicians. Unfortunately, there is no standard method to teach and assess these skills of anesthesiologists. Although anesthesiology has become a relatively safe medical specialty, complications still occur that require disclosure to patients and their families. Disclosure of bad news can be a significant source of stress for clinicians, especially for those who have low confidence in their BBN skills. Anesthesiologists' skills in BBN can be improved with simulation-based mastery learning (SBML), an intense form of competency-based learning...

BACKGROUND: This study reviews and appraises the articles published about anesthesiology education in 2020. The objective is to highlight high-quality evidence while showcasing articles with innovative ideas and high relevance to the practices of the anesthesiology education community. METHODS: Three Ovid MEDLINE databases, Embase.com, ERIC, PsycINFO, and PubMed were searched, followed by a manual review of articles published in the highest impact factor journals in both the fields of anesthesiology and medical education...

BACKGROUND: Simulations are a critical component of anesthesia education, and ways to broaden their delivery and accessibility should be studied. The primary aim was to characterize anesthesiology resident, fellow, and faculty experience with augmented reality (AR) simulations. The secondary aim was to explore the feasibility of quantifying performance using integrated eye-tracking technology. METHODS: This was a prospective, mixed-methods study using qualitative thematic analysis of user feedback and quantitative analysis of gaze patterns...

BACKGROUND: High learner engagement is important for the success of asynchronous and online learning for graduate medical education. Medical trainees have recently reported using medical mobile apps. App-based interactions may provide more participation than email-based interactions. We sought to investigate (1) if there were higher levels of engagement with an online curriculum using notifications sent via email as compared with via text, and (2) if there were higher levels of engagement with the mobile app or website format...

INTRODUCTION: The Society for Education in Anesthesia (SEA) promotes dissemination of discoveries and innovations. We investigated the rate of publication of SEA Spring Meeting abstracts, hypothesizing that Research abstracts were published more frequently than Innovative Curriculum abstracts. We also studied the time between abstract presentation and publication and tracked the journals in which they were published. METHODS: All abstracts presented at SEA spring meetings from 2011-2019 were included...

BACKGROUND: High levels of empathy among resident physicians are associated with improved patient outcomes. Empathy may be learned and practiced when reading nonmedical writing through narrative transportation, a process by which readers identify with characters and become emotionally involved in the plot. We hypothesized that residents and fellows who reported more nonmedical reading would have higher empathy levels and that empathy would decrease during training. METHODS: An emailed survey was sent to program directors of Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education-accredited anesthesiology residency and fellowship programs, with a request to distribute the survey to trainees...

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used in medical practice, but many institutions have room for growth regarding its incorporation into medical education. An elective hands-on course was developed for preclinical medical students using ultrasound to review and enhance their understanding of anatomy as well as to teach ultrasound-guided nerve blocks on cadaver extremities. The hypothesis was that after 3 instructional sessions students would be able to identify 6 anatomic structures, representing 3 types of tissue, in cadaver upper extremities...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of engaging in preparatory expansive posing on the performance of anesthesiology trainees during a mock structured oral examination. METHODS: A total of 38 clinical residents at a single institution participated in this prospective randomized controlled study. Participants were stratified by clinical anesthesia year and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 orientation rooms to prepare for the examination...

BACKGROUND: Clinician-educators in academic settings have often had no formal training in teaching or in giving feedback to trainees. We implemented a Clinician-Educator Track within the Department of Anesthesiology with the initial goal of improving teaching skills through a didactic curriculum and experiential opportunities for a broad audience of faculty, fellows, and residents. We then assessed our program for feasibility and effectiveness. METHODS: We developed a 1-year curriculum focusing on adult learning theory, evidence-based best teaching practices in different educational settings, and giving feedback...