Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and muscles that control mandibular movement. In most cases, the etiology is unclear and is considered multifactorial. Recent research suggests that some forms of TMD could be associated with specific TMJ morphological characteristics. This study aims to provide a review of the reported anatomical and degenerative morphological condylar characteristics of subjects with a clinical diagnosis of TMD as described with the use of CBCT imaging, as well as the detection of potential predisposing anatomical factors...

BACKGROUND: The expression of receptor activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL), as well as osteoprotegrin (OPG), in the alveolar bone (AB), may improve bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). It is hypothesized that hypoxia-preconditioned gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC) may be more effective than normoxia-preconditioned GMSC in this regard. This study aims to investigate the expression of RANK, RANKL, and OPG in the compression and tension sides of AB after allogeneic administration of GMSC that were normoxia or hypoxia-preconditioned in rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) undergoing OTM...

BACKGROUND: A medical emergency is an acute, unanticipated medical reaction or complication that threatens the patient's life or health and necessitates rapid attention or intervention. Since these emergencies can be life-threatening, the dentist's readiness is critical to avoid morbidity, mortality, and legal complications. Therefore, this study aims to assess dental students' and practitioners' knowledge, attitude, and practice in managing medical emergencies in India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private dental institute among 420 participants (318 males and 102 females) using a customized questionnaire consisting of sixteen questions - one open-ended and fifteen closed-ended...

UNLABELLED: Local Anesthetics are used clinically for anesthesia and analgesia either following surgery or for management of acute and chronic pain conditions. Liposomal Encapsulation aids in improved delivery at the tissue level. This paper deals with formulation and characterization of Gadus morhua derived liposome encapsulated Lidocaine nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Water Soluble liposomes were synthesized and encapsulated to lidocaine. The prepared liposomes were assessed using field emission scanning electron microscope, TEM, FTIR, Zetapotential, Anti-inflammatory property and Drug release kinetics...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: This study developed a new skin-deproteinized natural rubber latex (DNRL) silicone adhesive for adhering to silicone prostheses and compared the properties with a commercial Daro-Hydrobond adhesive. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The new DNRL skin adhesive formulation was made from non-vulcanized natural rubber-based adhesives consisting of DNRL, 20% polyvinyl alcohol, cumarone resin, 2% methylcellulose, and Wingstay L. The peel bond strength of the adhesives was tested using a 90-degree peel test...

BACKGROUND: Mini Implants are widely used in contemporary orthodontics, they provide skeletal anchorage even in non-compliant patients, facilitate orthodontic tooth movement, are easy to place and are relatively inexpensive. Their failure is multifactorial, and the quality of the soft tissue can present a risk limitation for the insertion of TADS. Orthodontic Mini Implants inserted in keratinized gingiva present fewer tissue-related complications and higher survival rate, than those inserted in non-keratinized mucosa...

OBJECTIVE: the Moringa oleifera leaf (MO) has active compounds that may be beneficial for peri-implantitis therapy. This research aims to analyze the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of Moringa oleifera L. nanosuspension (MON) extract in peri-implantitis-related bacteria. METHODS: MON extract phytochemical analysis was conducted to examine active compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, quinones, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and steroids...

Autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF), is currently being widely used and investigated across the globe by clinicians and periodontal research. The technical aspect required for the procurement of PRF includes revolution per minute (RPM), relative centrifugal force (RCF) or G-force, rotor radius, rotor angle, stability or vibration in the centrifugal machine and material of test-tube, besides the systemic health of the individual may influence the final outcome. Present technical note intends to compile these aspects for better understanding and appropriate outcome while preparing PRF in varying clinical scenarios...

BACKGROUND: Calotropin, a cardiac glycoside obtained from the plant Calotropis gigantea , has demonstrated promising potential as an anti-tumorigenesis compound. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential anti-cancer properties of calotropin against HSC-3 oral squamous cancer cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in its action. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Calotropin were treated in HSC-3 to evaluate cell viability by MTT assay...

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the perioperative wound management and healing of intraoral surgical incisions between the conventional and knotless barbed Polydioxanone suture materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted with well-constructed inclusion and exclusion criteria. 46 participants were allotted into the control and test groups based on a computer-generated randomization sequence. The materials used were 3-0 Stratafix™ knotless barbed PDS suture and conventional 3-0 Ethicon PDSTM II suture materials...

Salivary gland (SG) extracellular matrix (ECM) has a major influence on tissue development, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration after injury. During aging, disease, and physical insult, normal remodeling of the SG microenvironment (i.e. ECM) becomes dysregulated, leading to alterations in matrix composition which disrupt tissue architecture/structure, alter cell activity, and negatively impact gland function. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large and diverse family of metalloendopeptidases which play a major role in matrix degradation and are intimately involved in regulating development and cell function; dysregulation of these enzymes leads to the production of a fibrotic matrix...

AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess individually the regenerative potential of PRF (Platelet-rich Fibrin), PRP (Platelet-rich Plasma), and PRGF (Plasma Rich in Growth Factors) in comparison to OFD (Open Flap Debridement) alone for treating Intrabony defects, by calculating pooled effect sizes. BACKGROUND: Relevant randomized controlled trials on humans were searched in PUBMED, COCHRANE CENTRAL, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR. Mean differences (MD) of Clinical Attachment level (CAL), Probing Pocket depth (PPD), and Defect Depth Reduction (DDR) between the Experimental and Control groups were used for calculating pooled effect sizes...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of Conventional Straight (CS) line and Modified Straight (MS) line access preparations with various restorative materials on the fracture resistance of primary molars using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). METHODOLOGY: Three FEA models for each of the primary molars were divided into Group I- Intact tooth model; Group II- Model with CS outline and Group III- Model with MS outline. Based on the restorative material used, Group II and III were further subdivided into subgroup 1- GIC restoration, subgroup 2 - composite resin with GIC base and subgroup 3- Stainless Steel Crown (SSC)...

OBJECTIVE: The presented study shows a new and innovative method to determine nasal asymmetries in a simple way in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) in order to plan corrective surgery. DESIGN: 86 non-syndromic patients with cleft lip and palate were divided into 2 groups: a) patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate b) patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate. PATIENTS: follow-up of hospital records of 86 patients aged 2-18 years...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of orthodontic emergencies and their impact on the treatment progress caused by delayed appointments due to the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred thirty-eight patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment participated in this cross-sectional study. A pre-structured questionnaire was divided into six parts (Part A-C comprised of orthodontic emergencies and Part D-F comprised of various adverse effects and impacts on treatment progress)...

BACKGROUND: One of the most common clinical manifestations of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is restricted tongue movements. However, the characterization of involvement is needed to better understand the impairment of its functioning. In the present study, force, alternate movements, snap, suction, and vibration functions of the tongue were investigated in OSMF patients. METHODS: A total of 53 OSMF and 40 healthy individuals were recruited in the present study...

IMPORTANCE: For the assessment of optimum treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics, understanding the growth process is of paramount importance. The evaluation of skeletal maturity based on study of the morphology of the cervical vertebrae has been devised to minimize radiation exposure of a patient due to hand wrist radiography. Cervical vertebral maturation assessment (CVMA) predictions have been examined in the state-of-the-art machine learning techniques in the recent past which require more attention and validation by clinicians and practitioners...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint that allows the complex movements essential for life. It connects the jawbone to the skull, working as a sliding hinge. Moreover, pluripotent stem cells are a source of precursors and tissue-specific cells in developing organisms, however, their biodistribution in developing fetal tissues is weakly studied. The aim of our study was analyse immunohistochemical expression of Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2 and Stat-3 and Sox-5, in TMJ tissue samples from human fetuses aged between the 12th and 20th weeks of intrauterine life...

BACKGROUND: Dental education plays a crucial role in producing competent dental professionals who can cater to the diverse needs of patients. This study aimed to assess the awareness and perception of the newly proposed Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) by the Dental Council of India (DCI) among dental undergraduate students in Belagavi City, India. METHODS: The study adopted a cross-sectional design and was conducted among undergraduates and interns of two dental colleges in Belagavi, India...