Oral Health and Dental Management

BACKGROUND: Dental caries still affect a considerable proportion of children, however the epidemiological profile of oral diseases is changing, social inequalities cause different disease patterns. The same problems occur for the use of services, which damage those who are more susceptible to oral diseases in numerous ways. AIM: To verify the association between the variables: socioeconomic condition, oral health and access to dental services providing oral health care for preschool children...

The objective of this study was to present a systematized review of different methods used to evaluate the masticatory efficiency in conventional complete denture wearers. A survey was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, seeking scientific articles according to the previously selected terms: "Masticatory performance", "Masticatory efficiency" and "Chewing ability complete denture". Moreover, complementary studies have been carried out with library manual search/databases, which included studies related to different ways to assess masticatory efficiency, specifically as it related to conventional complete denture wearers...

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oxidative irrigants on the organic and inorganic structure of root canal dentin. METHODOLOGY: Fifty human 2nd premolar roots were used in the study. The dentin specimens prepared from those teeth were immersed in liquid nitrogen for 15 min. The frozen composition was titrated in a mixer and the obtained dentin powder was kept frozen at -70°C until use. Ten groups of 50mg dentin powder were immersed in agents (A: Ozone for 100 or 200 sec, B: 5...

PURPOSE: Oral tissues are important parts of body that absorbs radiation emitted from mobile phones which is the most popular technological equipment in the world. Because of the limited studies in this field, we aimed to investigate the effect of Radio Frequency (RF) radiation emitted from 900 MHz mobile phones on the enamel micro hardness of rat teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on twenty one Wistar Albino adult male rats which were divided into two groups such as control and experiment groups...

BACKGROUND: India is one of the largest and most populated country in the world, with over one billion inhabitants. Of this number, it is estimated that around 23.9 lakh people are currently suffering with HIV. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) require increasingly competent and compassionate health care, including oral health care. OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the response of dental health care professionals (staff and students) in willingness to provide treatment to HIV/AIDS patients and whether the training and education provided to them is sufficient to handle such patients, or whether there is necessity for advanced curriculum to be implemented...

Apart from the Maillard reaction, other processes, such as esterification, take place in carious tissue. The aim of the present study was to analyse sound and carious dentine in terms of ester groups and their reaction with hydrazine derivate using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Carious and sound dentine from human premolars were excavated in three series (Experimental Parts I-III) and separated into inner and outer layers of carious dentine...

Avulsion and root fractures are complications may be seen after a traumatic accident. These should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible because the time elapsed between the trauma and start of the treatment is considered as the most important factor in the prognosis. All treatment protocols should be directed toward the management of the pulp and periodontal ligament. The present case report reviews a 22-year-old male patient which was visited with 5 hours delay after accident and avulsion of right central incisor...

BACKGROUND: Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder presenting with intractable seizures, developmental regression, and characteristic hypoplastic dental enamel indicative of amelogenesis imperfecta. Recently, mutations in ROGDI were identified in part of Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome cases, but the siblings reported here do not have a mutation in the ROGDI gene, showing that there is genetic heterogeneity in Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome. AIM: Report two siblings that have Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome...

Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a rare, non-hereditary, congenital neuro cutaneous disorder characterized by vascular hamartomatous proliferations affecting classically, the leptomeninges and the skin of the face and may be associated with glaucoma, seizures and mental retardation. Intraoral findings are variable. A case of Roach type II Sturge Weber syndrome is reported here that did not show any neurological disorder but revealed a prominent angiomatous enlargement of the ipsilateral maxillary gingiva. SWS is a condition where dental management and surgical procedures of the patient can be risky, thus a sound knowledge of the disease and its management protocols better equips the clinician to avoid serious complications...

Naltrexone (ReVia®) is a long-acting oral pure opiate antagonist which is approved for the treatment of alcohol addiction as a 50mg per day tablet. The mechanism of action is complete opiate blockade, which removes the pleasure sensation derived from drinking alcohol (created by endorphins). Low Dose Naltrexone ("LDN") in the range of 3-4.5 mg per day has been shown to have the opposite effect - brief opiate receptor blockade with resulting upregulation of endogenous opiate production. Through the work of Bihari and Zagon, it has been determined that the level of the endogenous opiate methionine-enkephalin is increased by LDN...

This article describes treatment of a young adult patient with porcelain laminate veneers for restoring unaesthetic maxillary anterior teeth with two retained primary canines. The patient had experienced an approximately two-year orthodontic treatment and had received both fixed and removable retainers for the upper arch. The patient could not afford implant supported restorations for his missing premolar teeth and was not pleased by the appearance of his smile. Using porcelain laminate veneers is a proper treatment option that could be taken into consideration in these situations...

A careful examination of lips is often neglected by the members of the medical and dental professions; yet the lips reveal a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from congenital abnormalities to benign and malignant neoplasms. Verruciform Xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon benign inflammatory mucocutaneous condition that occurs in the oral cavity which was first described by Shafer in 1971. It is often associated with pre-existing epithelial and/or inflammatory disorder and is characterized histopathologically by papillary epithelial hyperplasia and the presence of foamy macrophages in connective tissue papillae...

AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare school and non-school dental laboratories in marginal adaptation of single Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) crowns. METHOD: Six dental laboratories (three school- and three non-school laboratories) participated in this study. Each dental laboratory was requested to fabricate PFM crowns for three different ivorine teeth on different typodont jaw models (n=18). The crowns received from the laboratories and fitted in their abutments using fit-checker under uniform pressure...

To present two clinical rare case reports of mucormycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection of maxilla presenting as necrosis in palate. The cases reported were two females with known immunodefficeancies. One patient was uncontrolled type 1 diabetic and the other was acute myloid leukemic patient on chemotherapy. Both the patients showed necrosis of hard palate. After histopathologic and culture report confirmation with a diagnosis of mucormycosis, they underwent surgical resection of involved bone and amphotericin B therapy...

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the efficacy of a xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel (Xan-CHX) used as antiseptic in periodontal pockets after scaling and root planing in patients with generalized mild-severe chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 systemically healthy patients, 15 males and 15 females (mean age 54,1 ± 6,9 years), diagnosed for chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this study. For each patient, in the 1(st) and 4(th) quadrant was applied antiseptic (Test sites); while the 2nd and 3rd were treated with the only mechanical causal therapy without using chemical agents (Control sites)...

PURPOSE: Positive social behavior of student is an important factor in the integrity of educational quality. Unbalanced behavior can disrupt the progress of students in learning. The present study evaluates the effect of social factors on education quality of dental and medical students. MATERIALS & METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 227 randomly selected students (109 dental and 118 medical). The questionnaire contained three domains of cultural collectivism, self-concept, and social adjustment adapted from California Test of Personality...

Rehabilitation of facial defects is a daunting task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient. The disfigurement associated with the loss of an eye may result in significant physical and emotional problems. Various treatment modalities are available, one of which is the use of implants. Although implant-supported orbital prosthesis has a superior outcome, it may not be advisable in all the patients due to economic factors. The present article describes a reconstructive approach for a patient with exenterated right eye using silicone orbital prosthesis which improved his psychological, physical, social, functional, emotional and spiritual needs...

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign self-limiting lesion of both major and minor salivary glands although more commonly the latter. The clinical and histological similarity between this entity and a malignant lesion implies a risk of unnecessary radical treatment. We report a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia in middle aged women presenting as a non-ulcerated swelling. This case illustrates the need for careful analysis of a biopsy specimen for a correct diagnosis.

PURPOSE: The present study was done to assess the prevalence of tobacco abuse among school going students of the age group 15 to 18 year old in the rural areas of Almora district, Uttrakhand state, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Schools were grouped into 4 zones north, south and east, west based on their location in district, respectively. Second stage one private and one government school was randomly selected from each zone of rural Almora. All students belonging to age 15 to 18 year were selected from the selected schools...

OBJECTIVES: The present study assessed dental students' perceived barriers to geriatric dental care provision. METHODS: Out of 512 dental students in Iranian dental schools were participated in the study 464 were completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the dental students was 25.5 ± 2.8 years; 67% were women. RESULTS: Most of the participants (79%) did not have any training focused on geriatric dental care, and the vast majority (more than 83%) had no experience with geriatric dental care...