Saverio Marchi, Carlotta Giorgi, Jan M Suski, Chiara Agnoletto, Angela Bononi, Massimo Bonora, Elena De Marchi, Sonia Missiroli, Simone Patergnani, Federica Poletti, Alessandro Rimessi, Jerzy Duszynski, Mariusz R Wieckowski, Paolo Pinton
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules, mainly generated inside mitochondria that can oxidize DNA, proteins, and lipids. At physiological levels, ROS function as "redox messengers" in intracellular signalling and regulation, whereas excess ROS induce cell death by promoting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Recent work has pointed to a further role of ROS in activation of autophagy and their importance in the regulation of aging. This review will focus on mitochondria as producers and targets of ROS and will summarize different proteins that modulate the redox state of the cell...
2012: Journal of Signal Transduction