Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal

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PURPOSE: This study examined tissue oxygen saturation (StO2 ) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscles of chronic stroke survivors during a graded exercise test (GXT). We hypothesized the reduction in StO2 will be blunted in the paretic vs. non-paretic VL during a maximum-effort GXT. METHODS: Chronic stroke survivors performed a GXT and StO2 of the VL in each leg was measured using near infrared spectroscopy. Twenty-six stroke survivors performed a GXT. RESULTS: At rest, there was no difference in StO2 between the paretic and non-paretic VL (65±9% vs...

PURPOSE: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience excessive, debilitating fatigue with previously reported evidence of etiologically mediated cardiorespiratory impairments. Performance fatigability provides a precise characterization of fatigue as it can be quantified objectively as a function of time, frequency, and/or duration. Nevertheless, little consideration has been given to understanding performance fatigability and its physiological determinants in those with SLE...

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UNLABELLED: Anthropometric variables will influence maximal respiratory pressure (MRP) values. Since significant variations exist in pulmonary nomograms amongst different races, it is important that tribe specific tables of normal maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) be developed. To date, MRP prediction equations do not exist for Hopi children. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop MRP reference values and prediction equations for Hopi children in the ages 4-13 years...

PURPOSE: Physical activity within the hospital post-stroke is recommended for cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health, but no studies have examined cerebrovascular health. We hypothesized individuals who walked farther distances (FARhigh) during the acute phase of stroke recovery in a hospital setting would have a higher resting middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) and a greater cerebrovascular response (CVR) to moderate-intensity exercise at 3-months post-stroke, compared to individuals who walked shorter distances (FARlow)...

PURPOSE: The mouthpiece is the standard interface for spirometry tests. Although the use of a mouthpiece can be challenging for patients with orofacial weakness, maintaining a proper seal with a facemask can be an issue for healthy individuals during forceful efforts. We compared respiratory muscle activity and tests using a mouthpiece and facemask in healthy adults to investigate whether they can be used interchangeably. METHODS: In this observational study, subjects (n=12) completed forced vital capacity, maximal respiratory pressure, and peak cough flow with a mouthpiece and facemask...

PURPOSE: This study examined the application, outcomes, and validity of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) outcomes using a modified Balke protocol on a motor-driven treadmill in fully ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: Fully ambulatory people with MS (N = 20) underwent assessments of disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS), walking endurance (6-minute walk distance, 6MWD), and cognition (Symbol Digit Modalities Test, SDMT), and completed a maximal CPET (modified Balke protocol) on a motor-driven treadmill while expired gases were collected with indirect calorimetry...

PURPOSE: This study examined the influence of aerobic exercise training (AET) on components of carbon dioxide expiration (VCO2 ), cardiorespiratory function, and fatigability. METHODS: Twenty healthy adults completed peak cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) and submaximal tests before and after a vigorous, 4-week AET regimen. Each test was followed by a 10-min recovery and endurance test at 70% of peak wattage attained during CPX. Fatigability was assessed using testing durations and power output...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on middle cerebral blood flow velocity (MCAv) at rest and during exercise. A secondary aim was to explore the relationship between MCAv and 1) the presence of white matter lesions and 2) cognitive function. METHODS: We recruited individuals who were cognitively normal older adults. CVD risk was assessed by the Pooled Cohort atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score...

PURPOSE: Rehabilitation can improve health outcomes in candidates for lung transplantation. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the effect of a one-month physical therapy (PT)-based outpatient program on exercise capacity, symptoms, quality of life and examine predictors of functional outcome changes in adults awaiting lung transplantation. METHODS: Participants (n=141) completed a 23-session exercise and educational program over one month...

Patients with impending respiratory failure often require mechanical ventilation to optimize gas exchange. Although this form of assisted ventilation is required for survival, its persistent use results in diaphragm weakness and muscle fiber atrophy. There is strong evidence that mechanical ventilation alters the structure and function of the diaphragm, resulting in prolonged dependence on assisted ventilation and long-term consequences such as a delayed functional recovery, reduced quality of life and increased risk of mortality...

PURPOSE: (1) Determine whether ultrasonography can detect differences in diaphragm contractility between body positions. (2) Perform reliability analysis of diaphragm thickness measurements in each test condition. METHODS: We used a repeated-measures experimental design with 45 healthy adults where 3 B-mode ultrasound images were collected at peak-inspiration and end-expiration in supine, sitting, and standing. Mean diaphragm thickening fractions were calculated for each test position...

OBJECTIVE: The 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a measure that is routinely used to assess a response to treatment for cardiopulmonary diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and congestive heart failure. The measure has never been verified as a valid measure of exercise capacity in the highly prevalent patient population of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study investigated the correlation between the 6MWT and graded exercise testing (GXT) in an effort to validate the 6MWT as a quality tool for assessing exercise capacity in adults with T2DM...

PURPOSE: For individuals with acute stroke, it is difficult to conduct an exercise test to assess peak oxygen consumption (peak Vo2 ). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use a clinically feasible tool for assessing prestroke peak Vo2 using a nonexercise estimation equation to test whether estimated prestroke peak Vo2 was related to the functional outcome measures at discharge from the hospital in individuals after an acute stroke. We hypothesized that the estimated prestroke peak Vo2 would be significantly related to discharge Physical Performance Test (PPT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and lower extremity Fugl-Meyer (LEFM) assessment...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to create an equation for continuous percentile rank of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) from ages 20 to 99. METHODS: We used a two-staged modeling approach with existing normative data from the American College of Sports Medicine for VO2 max. First, we estimated intercept and slope parameters for each decade of life as a logistic function. We then modeled change in intercept and slope as functions of age (stage two) using weighted least squares regression...

PURPOSE: Rural women have high prevalence of obesity and prehypertension. Obesity, if associated with poor physical function, may have implications for applying activity guidelines for women volunteering for lifestyle modification. This study examined associations of body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat with measures of 1-mile walk time, post-walk perceived exertion, and 10-repetition chair stands in rural women ages 40-69. METHODS: Cross-sectional baseline data were collected using standardized methods from 289 rural women with prehypertension who volunteered for a lifestyle clinical trial for reducing blood pressure...

PURPOSE: The 5-Meter Walk Test (5MWT) has been recommended for use by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons as an outcome measure in the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database to predict frailty in individuals who are candidates for cardiac surgery. However, there are no published reports of performance on this test in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide descriptive analysis of the 5MWT for individuals who were candidates for cardiac surgery. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 113 preoperative cardiac surgery candidates who underwent a 5MWT...