Pancreatology : Official Journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et Al.]

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with increased risk of calcium-oxalate kidney stones, likely due to enteric hyperoxaluria. However, the risk of kidney stones for patients with CP after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate kidney stone risk in patients with CP after TPIAT. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 629 patients who underwent TPIAT was conducted to identify patients who developed kidney stones post-TPIAT...

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BACKGROUND: The incidence of pancreatic cancer is on the rise, and its prognosis remains poor. Recent reports have established a link between the gut and oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer. However, the intricacies of this association within the Japanese population remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the gut and oral microbiomes of Japanese patients with pancreatic cancer, comparing them with those of healthy individuals. METHODS: We recruited 30 patients with untreated pancreatic cancer and 18 healthy controls at Kyoto University Hospital (2018-2022)...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prognostic significance of circumferential resection margin (CRM) or circumferential surface (CS) in pancreatic head cancer is controversial. We investigated the survival outcomes according to CRM or CS involvement in pancreatoduodenectomy specimens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: A total of 102 pancreatoduodenectomy specimens after upfront surgery for PDAC between 2014 and 2018 were prospectively collected. The superior mesenteric vein/portal vein or superior mesenteric artery margins were classified as CRM, and the anterior or posterior surfaces as CS...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic cyst management can be distilled into three separate pathways - discharge, monitoring or surgery- based on the risk of malignant transformation. This study compares the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models to clinical care for this task. METHODS: Two explainable boosting machine (EBM) models were developed and evaluated using clinical features only, or clinical features and cyst fluid molecular markers (CFMM) using a publicly available dataset, consisting of 850 cases (median age 64; 65 % female) with independent training (429 cases) and holdout test cohorts (421 cases)...

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BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Presently, only a fraction of patients undergo successful surgical resection, the most effective treatment. Enhancing treatment strategies necessitates a deep comprehension of the factors underlying extended survival after surgical resection in patients. METHODS: This study aims to identify the important factors of PDAC patients' long-term survival with metatranscriptomics and multiplex immunofluorescence (IF) staining analyses...

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BACKGROUND: The natural history of branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous cystic neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) in the pancreas remains unclear. This study aimed to answer this clinical question by focusing on the development of concomitant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (cPDAC). METHODS: The Japan Pancreas Society conducted a prospective multicenter surveillance study of BD-IPMN every six months for five years. The primary endpoints were progression of BD-IPMN, progression to high-grade dysplasia/invasive carcinoma (HGD/IC), and cPDAC...

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BACKGROUND: Pseudocyst formation is common in many patients with acute pancreatitis during follow-up. Many risk factors have been proposed to be associated with the development of PP, but the predictive factors are still underexplored. The focus of this study was to investigate whether early laboratory indicators could effectively predict the occurrence of PP. METHODS: 2811 AP patients hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between November 2008 and September 2020 were retrospectively studied...

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BACKGROUND: Helix-loop-helix transcription factor 4 (HTF4) as an anti-cancer target has been reported in many human cancers, but limited data exists regarding the effect of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. METHODS: The expression levels of HTF4 in clinical pancreatic cancer samples were measured. HTF4 was knocked down or overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells and was subsequently tested for bio-function using in vitro assays and in vivo...

BACKGROUND: Biological behaviour of Periampullary cancers (PACS) differs from pancreatic head cancer, and analysis of molecular alteration is needed. BRAF and HER2 are keys members of the RAS/RAF and EGFR pathway, playing roles in prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. METHODS: A study on 89 PACS patients, undergoing Whipple Pancreaticoduodenectomy, PCR-RFLP, and qPCR methods used for SNP and mRNA expression studies. Clinicopathological and survival data collected...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine postoperative recurrence after curative pancreatic resection following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in patients with resectable (R-) and borderline resectable (BR-) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), focusing on its relationship with the standardized uptake value (SUV) on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). METHOD: The postoperative initial recurrence patterns were examined in patients with R- and BR-PDAC who underwent NACRT followed by curative pancreatic resection...

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BACKGROUND: Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) usage has been associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) prevention, though epidemiological data have not reliably demonstrated this. The aim of this study is to identify if aspirin and other NSAIDs are effective in the primary prevention of PDAC in a large UK prospective cohort. METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted using the UK Biobank cohort. Incident PDAC cases (n = 1129 of whom 239 (21...

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis is a common disease that is usually mild and self-limiting. Early discharge of patients with mild acute pancreatitis, with the use of supporting outpatient services including remote monitoring or smartphone applications, might be safe and could reduce the healthcare demand. The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of existing strategies aimed at facilitating early discharge of patients diagnosed with mild acute pancreatitis and to assess clinical outcomes, feasibility and costs associated with these strategies...

BACKGROUND: PDAC cells upregulate carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) expression in order to survive in hypoxic tumor environments, which plays a key role in tumor progression. However, the relationship between CA9 expression and preoperative treatment has not been clarified. We evaluated the clinical impact of CA9 expression on the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: We investigated CA9 expression in 273 surgical specimens and 20 serum samples obtained from patients with PDAC and evaluated their clinical outcomes...

BACKGROUND: With respect to severity and outcome of an index episode of idiopathic acute pancreatitis the current literature reports conflicting retrospective results. One reason might be the retrospective study design precluding in depth analysis resulting in mixed etiologies and combination of index episode versus recurrent idiopathic acute pancreatitis. METHODS: In this retrospective monocentric cohort study, we retrieved all patients with a first acute pancreatitis episode treated between 2005 and 2021 at the LMU University Hospital from our clinical information system based on the respective ICD-10 codes...