Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

UNLABELLED: Although experiences with police vary widely by race in the United States, many Americans expressed negative reactions to the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police in May 2020, which led to racially diverse protests for Floyd's justice. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed differences in Black and White Americans' reactions to the murder of George Floyd and the presence of White Americans at the subsequent protests for justice. METHOD: Black and White Americans ( N = 290) took part in an online study in which they responded to questions regarding their reactions to the murder of George Floyd, the subsequent protests for justice, and critical knowledge (e...

OBJECTIVES: We tested an extended family stress model of economic hardship (FSM; Conger et al., 2010) incorporating structural risks (discrimination, immigration, and COVID-19 experiences) and qualitative data, to better understand the impact of culturally relevant experiences on family stress processes in rural, immigrant Latine families in the U.S. Midwest. METHOD: Participants were Latine families (N = 307) with a child aged 10-15 ( M age = 12.21 years, 51.0% boys; 71...

OBJECTIVES: Immigrants face multiple forms of cultural stress that hold pernicious influences on their psychological well-being, including everyday discrimination, bicultural stressors, and negative context of reception from others. Research thus is needed to consider potential buffers and mitigating factors that may help immigrant adults in the face of cultural stress. The present studies evaluated a sense of purpose as one potential buffer. METHOD: Study 1 asked immigrant adults in the Unites States to complete measures of the three cultural stress indicators in addition to sense of purpose and measures of well-being (depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, self-rated health)...

OBJECTIVES: The present research investigates the associations between immigrants' positive and negative contact with the majority group and their psychological well-being, as indicators of their psychosocial adjustment to the host society. Perceived personal discrimination and relative deprivation in comparison to the majority group are assessed as mediators of the associations between intergroup contact and psychological well-being. METHOD: We conducted a three-wave longitudinal study with newcomer African immigrants living in Italy ( N = 240; 61...

OBJECTIVES: Individuals often automatically have more empathy for same-race members. However, there are no studies on racial bias in empathy (RBE) among Tibetan school-aged children. The present study aimed to examine the development of RBEs, including racial bias in cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and behavioral empathy, in Tibetan school-aged children. METHOD: In Experiment 1 ( N = 108, aged 7-12), ethnic identity was primed using Tibetan and Han names. Then negative and neutral events were applied to measure the RBEs of Tibetan children...

OBJECTIVES: Emotions of immigrant-origin individuals tend to resemble those of their social environment. This study examined how social networks of Turkish-origin minority adolescents, based on both majority and coethnic minority friendships (composition and structure), have bearing on their emotional fit with Belgian-majority and Turkish-minority cultures. METHOD: Turkish-origin minority adolescents ( N = 668) and Belgian-majority adolescents ( N = 1,657) nominated their best friends from their class and reported their emotional experiences...

OBJECTIVES: Ethnic-racial socialization, or the process by which parents teach their children about race and racism, is often protective for racially minoritized children. However, these processes typically focus on belonging to one's own racialized group. The present work examines whether and when Black and Asian parents might discuss race and racism as it relates to other racially minoritized groups. METHOD: The sample includes 91 parents (54.9% Black, 45.1% Asian; 47...

OBJECTIVES: Familismo and respeto are traditional Latine values often taught to U.S. Latine children by their caregivers. Deference to authority figures and restraint from defiance to such figures are also taught. Despite the central role of these as markers of Latine ethnic identity and their relevance to children's health and well-being, little is known on how these traditional cultural values are socialized and whether differences exist in these values between English-speaking and Spanish-speaking U...

OBJECTIVES: This qualitative investigation examined how Latinx/Hispanic youth experience cultural stressors, emotionally react to, and cope with these stressors within the family context. METHOD: Forty-five youth participated in six focus groups (51% female; 49% male; 0% nonbinary; M age = 15.26; SD = 0.79). RESULTS: Using reflexive thematic analysis, we constructed two themes with four accompanying subthemes centering on (a) observing family members experience cultural stressors and (b) experiencing cultural stressors together with family members...

OBJECTIVES: Scholars have demonstrated the consequences of cultural stressors on Latino/a adolescents' depressive symptoms and prosocial behaviors. However, there is little understanding of how different combinations of cultural stressors and assets might differentially relate to depressive symptoms and prosocial behaviors, particularly in young adulthood. This study used latent profile analysis to identify varying levels of cultural stressors (foreigner objectification and U.S. marginalization) and assets (family respect values and ethnic identity commitment) among Latino/a young adults...

OBJECTIVE: The consequences of racism and racial stress on the academic and social well-being of adolescents are profound and well-documented. However, our understanding of how adolescents navigate racial stress and develop the agency to address discriminatory encounters, particularly in settings where educators struggle to intervene with microaggressions, remains limited. Research into the development of racial coping self-efficacy (RCSE) and coping skills has shown promise in enhancing the overall well-being of youth...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to understand the role of critical action, sociopolitical participation, an essential form of consciousness in the relationship between interpersonal discrimination and the use of tobacco products. METHOD: The present study was part of a more extensive longitudinal study on students' genetic and environmental experiences. To examine these associations, 164 racially minoritized college students ( M age = 19.86, SD = 0.28) were surveyed for this study...

OBJECTIVES: The research examined the motivation to integrate and perceived discrimination as antecedents of cultural identity styles, the cognitive and behavioral strategies that bicultural individuals use for decision making in managing and maintaining their ethnic and national identities. Two major cultural identity styles have been distinguished: the alternating identity style (AIS, changing cultural identities depending on the circumstances) and the hybrid identity style (HIS, blending selected aspects of these identities in a unique way)...

OBJECTIVES: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ+) Asian Americans experience unique psychological health concerns at the intersection of multiple forms of marginalization. White supremacist, cisheteronormative, and colonial ideals and their structural and interpersonal manifestations may encourage family rejection of LGBTQ+ identities within Asian American family units. Family shame, conflicts in allegiances, and internalized anti-LGBTQ+ stigma were hypothesized as mediators in the association between family rejection and psychological distress and disordered eating...

OBJECTIVES: Research highlights the benefits of critical action on individual and community well-being; however, more needs to be understood about the ways ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) influences emerging adults' participation in antiracism actions. METHOD: The present study examined patterns of parental ERS messages received by a sample of 668 racially and ethnically minoritized emerging adult college students ( M age = 18.76, SD = 1.23; female = 81.8%), and their associations with the emerging adults' demographic characteristics and three forms of antiracism actions...

OBJECTIVES: Over the past three decades, the number of multicultural families in Korea, defined as a family consisting of a native Korean and a marriage immigrant, has increased significantly. Although bullying victimization among multicultural family youth is rightfully a growing concern, less is known about the effects bullying has on immigrant mothers of children who have been bullying victims. METHOD: Using data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study, this study investigates whether children's bullying victimization is associated with immigrant mothers' acculturative stress and whether this association differs depending on mothers' country of origin (China, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries)...

OBJECTIVES: Communication difficulties are inevitable when individuals interact with members of a different culture. The experience of such communication barriers may be particularly salient for those from immigrant families who need to navigate multiple cultures. Youth from immigrant families are known to serve as cultural brokers to help their families navigate communication with those in the host culture. Most brokering research has examined language brokering (i.e., interpreting language for others)...

OBJECTIVES: Like other racial and ethnic minority groups in the United States, discrimination has contributed to health disparities for Arab Americans and placed them at increased risk for health concerns that have only persisted with the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the present study was to identify how the wellbeing of Arab Americans was impacted during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. METHOD: Using a qualitative approach, we gathered responses from 604 Arab Americans to open-ended questions...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the Italian adaptation of the Identity Project (IP), a school-based intervention promoting cultural identity formation in adolescence. METHOD: Participants were 138 adolescents ( M age = 15.66 years, SD = 0.84, 63% female, 37% of immigrant descent) from nine classrooms that were assigned to the intervention or control condition based on teachers' indications to ensure sustainability...

OBJECTIVE: To examine how cultural stressors (ethnic-racial discrimination, immigration-related threat, and COVID-19 stress) influence critical reflection, motivation, and action among Latinx adolescents and whether parental preparation for bias moderates these relations. METHOD: One hundred thirty-five Latinx adolescents ( M age = 16, 59.3% female, 85.2% U.S.-born) completed online surveys at two time points, 6 months apart. RESULTS: Immigration-related threat was associated with greater Time 1 (T1) critical reflection (β = ...